Decatur Daily Democrat, Volume 19, Number 136, Decatur, Adams County, 9 June 1921 — Page 3

FOR THE FARMERS Items of Interest to the Farmers of Adams County. Seattle on Farm* in the United State*. Washington, D. C.. Jir.no 8. — The bureau of the Census, of the Depart bent of Commerce, announce*, subt><t to correction, the fallowing prolininary figures from the 1920 census ,f agriculture for the United Stat-s, Hth comparative figures for 1910. Rattle on farms in the I UNITED STATES, 1920 and 1910: Battle on farms Jan. 1, 1920, I total number 66.810,8)16 Beef cattle, total 35,424.458 Calves under 1 year of age 8.631,631 Heifers 1 year old and under 2 years 3,980.343 Cows and heifers 2 ■ years old and over .... 12,644.018 Steers 1 year old and under 2 years 4,697.147 Steers 2 years old and over 4,611,763 Bulls 1 year old and ■ over 777,704 Unclassified 81,852 I Dairy cattle, total 31,386,378

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Calves uuiler 1 year of I •«*’. 6.904,586 Helfers 1 year old and under 2 years 4.057,614 Cows rind heifers 2 years old find over .... 19,871,777 Bulls I year old and over , 752,371 Cattle on farms April 15, 1910, total numtfor 61.803,866 Spring calves 7,8061,39 Cattle born before Jan. 1, 1910 53,997,327 The number of cattle on farms In the United States on January 1, 1920. , according to the fourteenth census, was 66,810,836. This number included 35,424,458 beef cattle (cattle kept mainly for beef production) and 31,386.378 dairy cattle (cattle kept mainly for milk production). i BEEF AND DAIRY CATTLE Tlte beef cattle included 8,631.631 calves under 1 year of age, 3,980,343 yearling heifers, 12.644,018 cows and I heifers 2 years old and over, 4,697,147 yearling steers, 4,611,763 steers 2 ’ years old and over, 777,704 bulls 1 • year old and over, and 81,852 cattle not classified by age or sex. I The dairy cattle included 6,904.586 ( calves under 1 year of age, 4,057,644 , yearling heifers, 19,671.777 cows and < heifers 2 years old and over, and

DECATUR DAILY, DEMOCRAT, THURSDAY, JUNE 9,1921. JI O

”52,371 bulls 1 year old and over, COMPARISON WITH 1910 The number of cattle reported nt the census of 1910 was 61,808,866, but tho change in the date of enumeration, from April 15 In 1910 to January 1 In 1920, must be taken into account in making any comparisons between the two years. Tlte 1920 ccnaui, taken as of January I. was too early to include any spring calves, while tho 1910 censur, taken as of April 15, included 7.806.539 calves born between January 1 and April 15, 1910, or probably more than one half of tlte calves born In tho spring of that year. On the other hand, the cattle enumerated is of January 1, 1920, Included large numbers of animals destined to ba slaught 'red or marketed before April 15. The relative importance of these two factors resulting from the change In the date of enumeration varies from state to state. In some states the number of calves horn in the first three and one-half months of the year would greatly exceed the number of cattle slaughtered or sent to market, while in other states the number of cattle slaughtered during this period might almost offset the number of calves born. For the United States as a whole, the total number of cattle reported for 1920 exceeds the total number in 1910 by 5,006,970. The actual increase, after duo allowance has been made for the effects of tho change in (late of enumeration, is doubtless more than this, but less than the difference lietween the number of cattle I in 1910, excluding spring calves, and the number of cattle in 1920. STATES BANKING HIGHEST IN CATTLE Five states reported more than 3,000.000 cattle on farms for January 1, 1920, as follows: Texas, 6,249.443; lowa. 4.567.708; Nebraska, 3,167.279; Wisconsin. 3,050.829; and Minnesota, 3.021.469. 'The states reporting the largest numbers of dairy cows 2 years old and over were Wisconsin, with 1.795,122; New York, with 1.481,918; and Minnesota, with 1,229,179, no other state reporting as many as 1,000,000 dairy cows 2 years old and over.

Duroc Pig Club Under Way. On last Tuesday, June 1. 17 boys and 4 girls located in various parts of Adams county began keeping records of the feed given their purebred Duroc Jersey pigs which are being fed by them in preparation for the Northern Indiana fair in Decatur this fall. On that day the county agent accompanied by Ed Miller a Duroc, breeder of the county and a member of the committee which has assisted in the promotion of the pig club visited every member in the county and assisted the hoys and girls in weighing their pigs. The pigs will again be weighed just before the fair find since- they Will have a complete record of the feed given during the period they will be able to compute the average daily gain of the pigs, the amount of feed eaten by them and the cost of putting on the gains. Thirtythree spring gilts were weighed up for the contest, every one of them being first class animals of which every boy and girl should be proud to be the owner. The boys and girls are an enthusiastic bunch and the contest is going to be interesting as well as instructive. Wool Pool. Several farmers of the county are taking advantage of the arrangements made by the Adams County Farmers association to pool the wool with the Ohio Sheep and Wool Growers' association at Columbus. A number have already requested the Herne Equity Exchange to send in their order for sacks In which the wool is to be shipped. Cottony Maple Scale In Northern dianaLafayette, Ind., June 4.-Reports being received by the Agricultural Experiment station at rurdue University indicate great abundance of the cottony maple scale which is menacing the shade trees, especially hard and soft maple, box elder, linden, etc., in the northern half of Indiana. Stringent measures, necessitating the spraying of trees, must be taken to destroy this insect, says J. J- Davis, head of the entomology department. The insect is consplclous because of the large cottony masses produced, the infested branches at the present time resembling strings of pop-corn. These cottony masses contain thousands of eggs front which hatch the young that winter over as partly grown scales on the twigs. Spraying with a miscible oil. 1 part to 1 parts of water, in the spring before the buds break is probably th? most effective remedy. Care should be taken to make the application thorough and yet not permit the oil to run down and soak the soil at the base since the trees are sensitive to the action of oils. A summer spray of kerosene emulsion applied When the young are hatching, that is during June and July, is of value and in ser- L

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ions infestations where the dormant miscible oil spray was not made 1! should be used. The summer sprat must be made with great care as it h difficult to make thorough applications when the trees are in foliage. A 10 per cent, emulsion used for a summer spray is prepared as follows: Dissolve one pound of common soap, or half a pound of whale-oil soap, in one gallon of hot water. Add two gal lons of kerosene while the soap soln tion is still hot and then thoroughlj churn for 5 or 10 minutes or until it presents the appearance of a thick cream and no longer separates on standing, by pumping tlte mixture back into itself with a spray pump. To this add seventeen gallons of watei and thoroughly churn., Soft watnt must be used. Another summer spray which is effective against recently hatched scale is one pound of fish oil soap which is dissolved in 4 gallons of water, to which one ounce of Blackleaf 40 is added. Spraying must be thorough as the young must be hit with the sprays, all of which are contact insecticides. The cottony maple scale should be hatching within the next week or two and summer spray applications should be made after tho majority of thfe scale have hatched. New Soil Fertility Field Started in State. Lafayette, Ind., June B.—Announcement was made today at Purdue uni versify of an important addition to the chain of soil fertility experimental fields operated by the agriscul tural experiment station over Indiana The new field is located in Jennings county near Nortli Vernon. It consists of 4C acres of the fit ami wet whitish silt loam, or so-called "slash' or “crawfish” land, which is widely represented in southeastern Indiana In order to give farmers in that part of the state the benefit of tho experimental work conducted for several years on another field near North Vernon, purchased the new tract outright and leased it to the experiment station for 99 years at $1 per year. This makes it practically a perman ent experiment field owned by the

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■ounty but operated by the state ex leriment station. During the summer and fall of 1920 the field was laid out and pre iare<l for experimental work on the mportant problems confronting farm ■rs of that portion of Indiana. Bosibly the most complete tile drainage experiment in the United States has been installed on about 15 acres of the tract to demonstrate the value of tiling and to determine the most prac tical size, depth and spacing of tile lines in this kind of soil. Sets ot tile lines have been laid, one, two, three, four and five hods apart with each line divided into four sections ; n each of which the tiles are laid it different depths, 24, 30, 36 and 42 inches. F<y comparison, an 18 rod strip was left without tile. The entire area will be uniformly treated and cropped and the results ot the differtn systems of tiling will lie determined by harvesting each differently tiled area separately. The rest of the field has been drained with four inch tile laid 30 inches deep and 44 inches apart. On part of the uniformly tiled land, i new and complete soil fertility experiment has been started to determine the needs of the soil for the different fertilizer elements, lime, organic matter, etc., under a rotation of corn, wheat, mixed clover and timothy. There is also a comprehensive study of different liming materials for use in neutralizing soil acidity. The soil is naturally acid and must be limed before other treatments can be most profitably applied. The liming experiment is designed to test the relative merits of various forms of lime including calieum and magnesium lime and limestone at different rates of application, and ground limestone at different degrees of fineness. The remainder of the field is devoted to comparisons of different crop rotations and tests of different varieties of the principal farm crops. Altogether the new Jennings county field will be one of the most complete experimental fields in the state and the results will be of special value

to thousands of farmers as they will ' answer important questions regarding ’ drainage, liming, soil fertilization, sysI terns of cropping and crop varieties. Sheep and Goats on Farms in the United States. Washington, D. C„ June 15. The bureau of the census, of the department of commerce, announces, subject to correction, the following preliminary figures from the 1920 census of agriculture for the United States, with comparative figures for 1910. SHEEP AND GOATS ON FARMS IN THE UNITED STATES: 1910 and 1920. Sheep on farms. Jan. 1, 1920, total number 34,984,5-4 M a^.’ ind . er .. l .. yea --- f 8 - 931 ’ 705 Ewes 1 year old and over 23,462,689 Rams 7 year old and over 826,3,3 Wethers’ 1 year old and over 1,494,03Unclassified 269, ,25 Sheep on farms, Apr. 15. 1910, total number 52,447,861 Spring lambs 12,80.,,815 Sheep born before Jan. 1. 1910 39.644,04 b Goats on farms, Jan. 1, 1920, total number 3,4-6,but. Kids under 1 year of age, raired for fleeces >30,76., Goats 1 year old and over, raised for fleeces . 1,569,834 All other goats 1.325.909 Goats on farms, Apr. 15, 1910 2.915,125 The number of sheep on farms in the United States on January 1, 1920, according to the fourteenth census, was 34,984,524. This number included 8,3931,705 lambs under 1 year of age, 23,462,689 ewes 1 year old

ind over. 826.373 rams 1 year bid and >ver, 826.373 rams 1 year old and ►ver, and 1.494,032 wethers 1 year old and over. The number of goat* repotted for ■ he same date was 3,426,506, including 530,763 kids under 1 year of age. ■alsed for fleeces, 1.569,834 goats 1 year of age and over, raised foi fleeces, and 1,325.909 Other goats — goats and kids of all ages not kept for their fleeces. COMPARISON WITH 1910. The number of sheep reported at the census of 1910 was 52,447.861. but tho change in tho date of enumera tion, from April 15 in 1910 to January 1 in 1920, must be taken into account in making any comparisons betwean the two years. The 1920 census, taken as of January 1, was too early to include any spring lambs, while the 1920 census, taken as of April 15, included 12, 803,815 lambs born between January 1 and April 15, 1910. On the other hand, the sheep enum crated as of January 1. 1920, includ ed large numbers of animals destined to be slaughtered or marketed befoie April 15. The relative importance of (lies? two factors resulting from the change in date of enumeration varies from state to state. In some states the number of lambs born during the first three and one-half months of the year would greatly eceed the number of sheep and older lambs slaugh tered or sent to market, while in other states the number of sheep slaughtered during this period might ilmost offset the number of lambs born. Taking as a basis of comparison the sheep reported in 1910, exclusive of spring lambs, the figures for the United States as a whole show a decrease of 4,659,522 sheep between 1910 and 1920. The actual decrease, however, after due allowance lias been made for sheep slaughtered as well as for spring lambs, is considerably more than this, but less than the difference between the total number of sheep reported in 1910 and the number in 1920. The total number of goats reported at the 1.910 census was 2,915,125. As compared with this figure, the number of goats reported for 1920 represents a nominal increase of 511.381. The actual increase, after making allowance for the change in date of enumeration, is doubtless considerably less than that. RANK OF IMPORTANT STATES. Six states reported more than 2.000,000 sheep on farms for January 1, 1920. as follows: Texas, 2,552.412; California, 2,400,151; Idaho, 2.356.270; Ohio. 2.102,550; Montana, 2,082,919;

and Oregon, 2.002,378. The states reporting the largest numbers of goats were Texas, with 1.706.606; New Mexico, with 226,862; Arizona, with 161.124; Oregon, with 133,685; Arkansas, with 123,800; Missouri. with 121.012; and California with 115,759. These seven states are also among those reporting the largest number of goats kept for fleeces. ITALIAN CLOVER SEED NO GOOD IN INDIANA Lafayette, Ind, June 9. —Italian clover seed, which was imported in large quantities for planting in the spring of 1920 is not adapted to Indiana conditions and should not be purchased for use in the state. This is the recommendation made by the recommendation made by the Agricultural Experiment Station at Purdue University following experiments which indicate that the seed from Italy and other countries in the south of Europe will not live through even a mild winter like the last one. The experiments were suggested by the large imporjations of clover seed from Europe a year ago when 16,000,000 pounds were brought in.

"Two different lots of clover seed from Italy were seeded on a thin stand of winter wheat in the spring of 1920 alongside of strips seeded with native seed from Indiana, Ohio, North and South Dakota” reads the statement on the subject. "A good stand was secured in all cases. Notes on the stand and condition of the different plots were taken late In October. One of the Italian plots was rated as having 90 percent, and the other 96 percent, of a stand and both were in good condition and showed fair growth. The native seed plots averaged about the same stand but showed somewhat larger and stronger growth. "Final examination towards the end of April showed the Italian clover seed had died out completely while the native strips showed no winter killing whatever and were in fine condition. The result show without a doubt that the Italian clover lacks winter hardiness and Is not at all adapted to this part of the country.” Reports of clover dying out this spring came from several sections of the state and in one locality where several farmers had the same experience they thought a new kind of disease had appeared. However, examination showed only rot of dead plants. These men obtained their

seed from the same firm which imported It. Farmers buying (lover seed are cautioned to learn the source before buying it. The new pure seed law which will go Into effect this summer with publication of the acts of tho last assembly will require labels to show the state or foreign country in which the seed was grown. Seedmen are urged to stop Importation of this seed for use in Indiana. TRUCKS MUST HAVE MIRRORS. Indianapolis. June 9. —A new state law which has been in effect since the time of Its passage by the recent legislature requires all trucks to have rear view mirrors. In many sections of the state arrests are now being made for violations of this law and local officials, it is understood are preparing a campaign against violations. "Already we find that truck owners are seeking to avoid the spirit of the law,” declares M. E. Noblet, secretary of the Hoosier State Auto Association. which sponsored the new law. "Truck drivers may have mirrors, but they are as apt as not to have them set so they can't possible see alongside their load, in many cases we (Continued on page four)

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