Crawfordsville Weekly Journal, Crawfordsville, Montgomery County, 7 December 1900 — Page 13

PRESIDENT'S

MESSAGE

President McKinley's annual messag* I YlV? T!"*1',1

and the incoming of the new ecniurj

of republican Institutions, lour conn-j trymen will join with you in felicita-1 tion that. American liberty is more firmly established than ever before audi that love for it and the determination to preserve it are more universal than at any forilier period of our history.

The republic was never so strong, because never so strongly intrenched in the hearts of the people as now. The constitution, with few amendments. exists as it left the hands of its authors. Tho additions which have been made to it pruclaim larger freedom and more extended citizenship Popular government has demonstrated in Its 124 years of trial here its stability and security and its efficiency iis the best instrument of national development and the best safeguard to human rights.

When the Sixth congress assembled in November. 1800, the population of tlie United States was 5.308,483. It is now 70,304,700. Thc-n Ave had 10 states. Now we have 45. Then oui territory consisted of 00,050 square miles. It is now 3.S4G,o05 square miles. Education, religion and morality have kept pace with our advancement in other directions and while extending its power the government had adhered to its foundation principles and abated none of them in dealing dth our new peoples and possessions. nation so preserved and blessed ives reverent thanks to God and inokes His guidance and the continu-nc-e of Ilis care and favor.

CHINESE SITUATION.

The recent troubles in China spring

rom the anti-foreign agitation which n« i,,o- 1 or the past three years has gained

I N O II

4. n. .. enlarged prosperity of China itself trength in the northern provinces, "heir origin lies deep in the charac-tei tlie Chinese races and in the tradiions of their government. The in"Teasing gravity of the conditions in •hina" and tho imminence of peril to ur own diversified interests in this mpire. as well as to those of all the ther treaty governments, were soon ppreciafod by this government, eausng it profound solicitude. The United

Miiiciiiiue.

ne united

ercourse with China had followed a

overeignty of its government, and tc I

nsure by all legitimate and kindlv but I

our law-abiding citizens and for the'

xerc-ise of their beneficent callings mong the Chinese people. Mindful of this, it was felt to be apropriate that our purposes should be ronounced in favor of such course as "ould hasten united action of the owers at Pckin to promote the adlinistrative reforms so greatly needed strengthening the imperial govern

lent and maintaining the integrity of ,'\

hina, in which we believed the whole'

estern world to bo alike concerned tT

these ends I caused to be addressed

the several nowers ooe.,nvin«r t„ i.

the several powers occupying terri ry and maintaining spheres of influce in China the circular proposals of 800, inviting from them declarations their intentions and views as to the esirability of the adoption of measres insuring the benefits of equality treatment of all lroughont China.

With gratifying unanimity tlie re-

onces coincided in this common pol-:

roof of the friendly spirit which ani-

ates the various powers interested

the untrammeled development of

mmerce and industry in the Chinese

npiro as a source of vast benefit to! C°

ie whole commercial wwrld. The

at the honor of our flag was mainined alike in the siege and the resle, and that stout American hearts

Following Is a condensed text ol in.tr the Chinrso people with The contribution of the Unit-1

w,»-'n,

to ,vmuin i,,:c

... "I Vn(l ti leiidslnp. Our declared aims in-1 foreign display, hut was anion the tiansmitted to congress: vblved no war against tlie Chinese mi-! earliest in place and the most orderly To the Senate and House of Repre *i«n. We adiiered to the legitimate in arrangement. Our exhibits were sentatives—At the outgoing of the old

oflit

rescuing

,lH

0IK,1'0lls-

ie Boxers and appeared to be a prey products are admitted into our mar

1 fl 1 i- 1 a 1 If A 1.

internal dissensions. In the un ual contest the anti-foreign influces soon gained the ascendancy nnthe leadership of Prince Tuan

rganized armies of Boxers, with rocal justice and good will of that gov liich the imperial forces affiliated. Id the country between Pekin and coast, penetrated into Manchuria to the Russian border and through elr emissaries threatened a like risthroughout northern China. he siege and the relief of the legans has passed into undying history, all the stirring chapter which rerds tlie heroism of the devoted band,

the undaunted spirit that led their

imperiled lega

1 1 11 11 1 ihl 1 iiu ni ..

101

wiongs al-

ioad suflered, securing wherever pos-

you begin the last session of the Fifty- sible the safety of American life and Sixth congress with evidences 011 oveo property in China, and preventing a hand of individual and national pros- spread of tho disorders or their recur-' perity and with proof of the growing rence. Faithful to those professions presented secured general' attention, strength and increasing power lor good I

tive« of the*Chin'es^en^peror lri'v ^be''n

cons^raJclv eSainlT I

rp,

meet. All the powers concur in emphatic disclaimers of any purpose of aggrandizement through the dismemberment of the empire. I titn disposed to think that due compensation may bo made in part by increased guarantees of security for foreign rights and immunities, and, most important of all, by the opening of China to flic equal commerco of all the world. These views have been aud will be earnestly advocated by our representatives!

The government of Russia has put forward a suggestion, that in the event of protracted divergence of views in regard to indemnities the matter may be relegated to the court of arbitration at The Hague. I favorably incline to this, believing that high tribunal could not fail to reach a solution

ndno,v

tates from the earliest of foreign in .- ..'7

olicy of peace, omitting no occasions! P?1'80"*

testify good will, to further the ex-!

ension of lawful trade, to respect the!

arnest means the fullest measure of! '!T

rotection for the lives and property

t0 t!l

than immediately beneficial to tliepowers. OTHER FOREIGN RELATIONS.

Ratifications of a treaty of extradition with the Argentine Republic were exchanged

011

June 2. last.

liile the- Austro-I-Iuugarian government has in the many cases that have been reported of the arrest of our naturalized citizens for alleged evasion of

,n-f. I

S0I

uvisions

t,f tlie

from mlUtar

ab 111 lnc

^stances expelled those

1'.1'c:sol:eo

tho

onRln

1t?lnu 0lls

"NVe have been urgently solicited liy Belgium to ratify the international convention of June, 1800. amendatory of the previous convention of 1S00 in respect to the regulation of the liquor trade in Africa. Compliance was necessarily withheld, in the absence of tho advice and consent of the senate thereto. The principle involved lias the cordial sympathy of this government.

mi alil

wlllch 111

0 1

the revisionary negotiations

lras,k

lntei nat

foreign

?nlar n,ont of

llavin

nu,nsi!1

NVOU,,1 so its

'es, and

extension, by

i"nal agreement, to the re-

striction of the liquor traffic with all uncivilized peoples, especially in the western Pacific.

In the interest of expanding trade between this country and South America, efforts have been made during the past year to conclude conventions tr-idf

tuiiuiuue eon

with the southern republics for the

Postal facilities. A

llls

v. en a hi hp- mo tn +1-,^ I Boln ia over flie territory of Acre is in .y, enabling me to see in the success-1 ... 1 termination of these negotiations

a Wa,V of

between Brazil and

f|-iendly

roto(

aS''eed

an(1

oint

adjustment, a

'°l signed in December,

ISO:

on a definite frontier

for its demarcation by a

c'ommission.

Htions in Brazil have weighed

loavi

hinese government proved, however.' °nntry in marked contrast to tho favlable to check the rising strength of'

'. 011 our export trade to that

orab,t

conditions upon which Braziliau

kets. Urgent representations have been made to that government on the subject and some amelioration has been effected. We rely upon tho recip-

eminent to assure to us a further improvement in our commercial relations. The insurrectionary movement which disturbed Colombia in the latter part of 1S99 lias been practically suppressed, although guerillas still operate in some departments. It is gratifying to announce that the national questions between Costa Rica and Nicaragua,

the goal, it is a memory of which ni the installation of President Tim-

countrymen may be justly proud Inez, whose government was formally

with true men of other race and good will that exists between this nguage, the indomitable courage: country and France. This great comat ever strives for the cause of right petition brought together from every mJ™ I

growing out of the award of President m,

mging to hope in the face of dispair, Cleveland in 1888, have been adjusted. I ,^

revolution in the Domician republic

and uffer ng wml th0 cl0Re

of last year resulted

recognized in January. THE PARIS EXPOSITION. The year of the exposition has been

aiiieutau uearts xne year of the exposition has been

ve again set high, in fervent emula- fruitful in occasions for displaying the

with true men of other race and rood will that rveta i,nt„.^„ so has since ratified tho convention. The administrative council of the

nation the best

The message then conveys a com-! industry, science and the arts,, subehensive review of the campaign mitted in generous rivalry to a judgom laku to Pekin and continues: ment made all the more searching bcThe policy of the United States cause of that rivalry. Tho extraordirougli all this trying period was nary increase of exportations from eai announced and scrupulous- this country during the past three carried out. A circular note years and the activity with which our the powers, dated .Tulv 3. Inventions and wares hp*! Invajted

in natural productions,

pnjfclaimed our attitude, Treating now markets caused much interest to court lion. Benjamin Harrison of In the condition in the north as one center upon the American exhibit, and dinnn. ex-president of the United ot virtual anarchy, which the great every encouragement was offered in States- Hon Melville \V Fulle- of provinces of the souih an,J southeast the May of space and facilities to per- Illinois, chief justice of 'the United a a a a a a I ttinhorii ies in the laiior quarters ns whole :n nl complete in every part.! j,

I ®d

,n,0H was

shown in UK.) and one out of 121 classes, and more completely covered thu entire classification than those of any other nation. In total number they ranked next after those of France, and the attractive form in which they were

as tt proved, retieefod t.lie views A criterion of the'extent and success

Your conn-1 and Pnrposes of tho other co-operating of our participation and of the governments, ail our efforts have been thoroughness with which our exhort 1 ret-tod toward ending (lie anomalous situation in China by negotiations for a settlement at the earliest possible moment. As soon as the sacred duty

.. grand prizes. 210 rold medals, 507 ot relieving our legation and its do-| or medals. 77i bronze medals. 541. pendents was accomplished we with-land honorable mention. 322--2 473 in drew from active hostilities, leaving ,1]. being the'greatest total number

(..ation undei an adequate guard given to the exhibit of anv exhibiting in Pekin as a channel of negotiation I nation, as well as the largest number and settlement—a course adopted ly in each grade. Apart from the expoothers ot the interested powers. Over-j sit ion. several occasions for showing

its were recognized is seen in the awards granted to American exhibitors by tiie 'nternational jury, namely,

IUon:a,1 H:l1

p"'

wronged citizens is a question of designing of a commemorative coin by! meantime the grave concern. Measured in money our mint and the presentation of thej

alone, a sufficient. rcparat ion may prove first piece struck to the president of!^,'''' ,' _K °t 1he report of to be beyond the ability of China to I the republic, were marked by appro-

priate ceremonies, and the Fourth of

July was (specially observed in the French capital. RELATIONS WITH GERMANY AND

GREAT BRITAIN.

Good will prevails in our relations with the German empire. The settlement of the Samoan problem, to which I adverted in my last: message, has accomplished good results. Pcace and contentment prevails in the islands, especially in Tutuila, where a convenient administration thr.t has won the confidence and esteem of the kindly disposed natives has been organized under the direction of the commander of the United States naval station at Pago-I'ago.

Our friendly relations with Great Britain continue. Tlie work of marking certain provisional boundary points, for convenience of administration, around tlie head of Lynn c.inal, in accordance with the icmporary arrangement of October, IS00. was completed by a joint survey in July last. The modus vivandi has so far worked without friction and tlie dominion government has provided rules and regulations for securing to our citizens the benefit of the reciprocal stipulation that the citizens or subjects of either power found by that arrangement with-

treaty and released other shall suffer no diminution of the

"''ligations,

community of

yJas

•nss('1',,v1' to have a

'nAnence. Representations

ocn ,nnfl0 a

Sa'

1011C'V(-'1'

st this course

adoption has appeared

The assassination of King Humbert called forth sincere expressions of sorrow from this government and people, and occasion was fitly taken to testify to tlie Italian nation the high regard here felt for the memory of the lamented ruler.

In my last message I referred at considerable length to tho lynching of five Italians at

se ,e

ls ps

permanent court of n.-iii,.nf:™ i"~"

been or-inized and1 1

contention providing for the appoint-

THE CRAWFORDSYILLE WEEKLY JOURNAL.

1 Wlil

,,mw,ra!

.Ihe matter ot indemnity for our, children of the United States, and the

vsov

only largest

W I I I

observed the in the Icmporary jurisdiction of the

rights and privileges they have hitherto enjoyed. But however necessary such an expedient may have been to tide Over the grave emergencies of the situati1V.. it is at best but an unsatisfactory make-shift, which should not be suffered to delay tho speedy and

complete es.aolishinent ot the frontier generally entertain the same purpose line to which wo are entitled under although in some instances there are the Eusso-Amorican treaty for the cession of Alaska.

ation of the meridian by telegraphic I Important opportunities not only for observations. LYNCHING CONDEMNED.

Tallulali. Notwith-

standing the efforts of the federal gov-, eminent, the production of evidence

December, 1800. tending to inculpate the authors of

this grievous offense against our civil-!

of public order, the right of discussion, shown in the expenditures of (he govtlie integrity of courts, and the orderly eminent. Because of the excess of administration of justice must con-j revenues over expenditures, the soeretinue forever the rock of safety upon tnry of the treasury was enabled to which our government security rests. This I most urgently reiterate and again invite the attention of my countrymen fo this reproach upon our civilization.

THE HAGUE CONVENTION. It is with satisfaction that I am able

an nco

b.v 10 powers, namely, the

United States

Ital\ Persia, Portugal, Ron man la, Russia, Slam, Spain, Sweden and Nor-

iVUStim Mra

way au(

»pam, Sweden and Nor

the Netherlands. Japan al

of order and a constitution for the in ir will be the duty as'l am sure it

ternational arbitration bureau. In ac- will be the disposition of the congress

cordance with article XXIII of the to provide whatever further logNlaUon

•irtornev 1 ^*'1'

1 ,X

•",uu

0 lU

tales, jnid I Ion. (,001-ge Cray of Dela wfif(\ a, judge of the circuit court of the Fnili States.

i\ti:i oci:anic \nal.

ment shows a disposition to deaV free!

occurred. The overtures for a convention to effect

J^Wto the building of a canal under the aus-

monument, ]n eent 1 1,"\ the school I pires of the i/M,

cons:de"-ii i„ h'

oon

I(,,h

t0 nn)lssU)n

1G n!

clamorous demands upon them for leg islation specifically hostile to American I'

In tins relation I may refer again to interests. Should these demands pre the need of definitely marking tho vail shall communicate with the coil Alaskan boundary where it follows the 141st meridian. A convention to that end has been before the senate for some two years, but as no action lias been taken I contemplate negotiating a new convention for a joint dotermin-

wi.h the canal question either in the 5. c"' 'iV\ «oe «y negotiations with the United!^,! States or bv talcing measures to nro-I rp',,, ., mote the waferwav I

upon the general

appointed to examine

'-iti\o merits ot the various

trans-isthmian ship canal projects,may be awaited. I commend to tin- early attention of the senate the convention with Great Biitain to facilitate the construction of such a canal and to remove any objection which might, arise out of the convention commonly called the Clay-ton-Bulwer treaty.

TREATY WITH SPAIN. Satisfactory progress has boon made toward tlie conclusion of a general treaty of friendship and intercourse with Spain, in replacement of the old treaty, which passed into abeyance by reason of tho late war. A new convention of extradition is approaching completion, and I should be much pleased were a commercial arrangement to follow. I feel that we should not suffer to pass an opportunity to reaffirm the cordial ties that existed between us and Spain from the time of our earliest independence, and to enhance the mutual benefits of that commercial intercourse which is natural between Hie two countries.

We wait the fulfillment of tho promise of the sutan to make reparation for citizens in Armenia and elsewhere in the '1 urkish empire. His majesty's good disposition in this regard has been evinced by the issuance of an irade for rebuilding the American college at ITarpoot.

O E11CI AT. RELATIONS. Ihis government desires to preserve the most just and amicable commercial relations with all foreign countries, unmoved by the industrial revelries necessarily developed in the expansion of international trade. It is believed that the foreign governments hum. mi- uni-i.mi governments

'"V ""•-'IIM': to -.•VilieriCML

gross with the view of advising such legislation as may be necessary to meet the emergency.

lie exposition of the resources and products of the western hemisphere to be held at Buffalo next year promises

the United States but. for other pat tieipating countries. Tt is gratifying that the Latin-American states have evinced the liveliest interest, and the fact that an international American congress will be liehl in the City of Mexico while the exposition is in progress encourages these people to a larger display at Buffalo than might otherwise be practicable.

THE NATION'S FINANCES. It is gratifying to be able to state I that ti surplus revenues for the fiscal |0. 1000, were $70,-

yoar ll

"ded June

i-~-000.1S.

XV(l

ization. and tlie repeated inquests set ^vhich from 1,80-1 fo 1.800, inclusive, on foot by the authorities of tho state •''•mounted to .$283,022,001.14. Tho reof Louisiana, no punishments have fol- ceipts for the year from all sources, lowed. I11 my Inaugural address I re-1 exclusive of postal revenues, aggreferred to the general subject, of lynch-! gnted .8507.240,851.80, and expendiing in these words: "Lynching must not bo tolerated in a great and civilized country like tlie United States courts, not mobs, must execute the penalties of the law. The preservation

For the six preceding years

only deficits, the aggregate of

tures for all purposes except for fho administration of the postal department. aggregated $487,713,701.71. It is gratifying also fo note that during the year a considerable reduction is

apply bonds and other securities to the sinking fund to the amount of $50,544.55(5.0!.:. The secretary of the treasury estimates that the receipts for the current fiscal year will aggregate S580.000.000. and tho expenditures $500,000,000. leaving an excess of rovelt.jiviiiii an excess or rev**-

the formal notification at uos over expenditures of $80 000 000

pt 4 of tl,e flopos5t

eonveutio11 fo1

The present condition of the treasury

Is one of undoubted strength

™nt of the international available cash balances Nov. '30 was

Austria, Belgium, Den-

mark, England, France, Germany,

The all-important matte.- of an iiiteroceauie canal lias assumed a new phase. Adhering to its refusal to re-I open the question of the '.orfoiture of| 'lie currency responsive to foe varym more miiiiarv posts in the United States the contract of the Maritime Canal I company, Avliich was terminated for! alleged non-execution in October, 1SM0, Ihe government of Nicaragua has since! supplemented that action by declaring! the so-styled Hyre-Ci-aniin option void! for non-payment of ihe stipulated ad-I vance. Protests in'relation to these I acts have been tiled in the state de I partnient and are undei- consideration. Deeming itself relieved from existing I engagements, the Niearaguan govern-

Recom exdatioxs.

recommend that Ihe congress at its present session reduce the internal revenue taxes imposed to meet the expenses of 1 he war with Spain in 1 lie sum of .?3).000,000. I specially urge that there be included in whatever reduction is made tho legacy lax, liequests for public uses of a literary, educational or charitable character/'

In again urging immediate action by the congress on measures to promote American shipping and foreign trade, I direct attention to the recommendations on the subject In previous messages. I am satisfied the judgment of the country favors the policy of aid to our merchant marine, which will broaden our commerce and markets aud upbuild our sea-carrying capacity for the products of agriculture and manufacture, which, with the increase of our

nn\y,

'if

.... was

$130,303,704.50. In tho general fund, which is wholly separate from the resorvo and trust funds, there was on .-tun Nov. 30. $70,000,073.15 in gold coin and

to issue, against which there is held

t,K livisio

an(1 ln,,lion

as adopted rules

TO0

ment by each signatory power of per- ity under all conditions be wc^n our sons of known competency in questions two forms of metallic money silveiof International law as arbitrators, I

needed to insure the continued par-

have appointed as members of this ,1I)f]cIal

act of IPrYi so far as It relates to tho I wo-nm tlx a limit to the degree of nil# modification of the national banking I lure and advancement, vvt within tljjj reach of those people If onr diuy toward them lie faithfully performed.

act is already apparent. The provision for the incorporation of national h.'.nks with a capital of not less than $20,lino in placi not exceeding 3.(Mill inhabitants, has resulted in the ex ten- lOo.doo men ti5,00o regn'ars and 35,sion of banking facilities to many| noo volunteers. 1'mler tho fict of small communities hitherto unable tej March 2, isno. on the 3oih of Juno P'ovide tlieiuselves with banking in next tin- personal volunteer force" will slitutions under the national system, be discharged and the regular nrmv LI"- party power is committed u: will be reduced to 2,147 otlieers and such legislation as Mill better mak

inj,

needs Of business at all seasons and in!

"h',M- ,i

Mil seetioDs. lii, 'i*»

work nml wjictos

nu'iui more

1:lu

W I

71 7

]mvn

00(1.00(1,Ot.H). The exports are grealei than they liave ever been before, the total for the fiscal year lOUO being .$1.3'.H.-l,s3.oN'_', an increase over issiy ot

1St'S

.. I 1 tuted states is evidenced bv the fact

'"I

"P":

tliat exports of manufactured products largely exceed those of any previous year, ilem- value for 10(10 being .•?433.S5l,75ii, against .$330,592. MG in If^OO. an increase of 2.S per cent.

our countrymen, us well as a safeguard to American interests in every part of the world

In my last annual message to the congress I called attention to the necessity for early action to remedy such c\ ils as might lie found to exist in connection with combinations of capital oiganb.ed into trusts, ami again Invite attention to my diseusion of the subject at that: time, which concluded with these words:

It is apparent that uniformity of legislation upon this subject in the several states is much to be desired. It is to be hoped that such uniformity, founded in 11 wise and just: discrimination between what is injurious and

what is useful ami necessary in bus!- made of the p,.

ncss opeiations may bo obtained and the manufacliTi-e of armor pine that

„.

tlie co

„.

gross, within the limitations of its constitutional power, so to supplement an effective code of state legislation as to make a complete system of laws throughout the United States adequate to compel a general observance of the salutory rules to which I ha\e referred.

NEW TERRITORIES.

In my last annual message I dwelt at some length upon tho condition of affairs in t:

Philippines. While seek

ing to inijiro: upon you that the grave responsibility of tho future government of those islands rests with the congress of the United States, I abstained from recommending at that time a specific and final form of government for the territory actually hold by the United States forces and in which as long as insurrection continues flie military arm must necessarily bo supreme employing tho civil arm as well toward the accomplishment or pacification and the institution of local governments within the lines of authority and law.

Piogiess in the hoped-for direction has been favorable. By the spring oi this year the effective opposition of the dissatisfied Tagals to fho authority ol tho United States was virtually "ended, thus opening tho door for the extension of a stable administration over much of the territory of the archipelago. Desiring to bring this about, I appointed In March last a civil commission composed of the Hon William M. Taft of Ohio. Professor Dean C. Worcester of Michigan, Hon. Luke E. Wright of Tennessee, Hon. Henry C. Ide of Vermont and Professor Bernard Moses of California. The aims of their mission and the scope of their authority are clearly set forth in my instructions of April 7, 1900, addressed to the secretary of war to be transmitted to them. The president then enters upon an exhaustive review of the scope and work of this commission, and the establishment of civil government in Porto Rico and of the measures to a like end being taken in Cuba. Under the head of the Philippines lie concludes:

I have upon another occasion called the Filipinos "the wards of the nation." Our obligation as guardian was

not

bullion, to which should be added otherwise than honestly fulfilled, afm$22,057,300 tn gold certificates subject

lightly assumed it must not be

,n first

redemption gold coin

'™'li"g total holding of

amounting to $03,047 373 15 mountains of Luzon and the fertile

on(s

of all to benefit those who

have coino

under our fostering care

Js our lu,

flnff ,na bo no

to treat them that our

less beloved in the

Mindanao and Nogros than it

ls at ho,,K tl,at ,liere

bc 11,0

htnH!nt

ytI

u£rm of tLc

as here it shall

^mhol of liberty, en

and progress in every ave-

nue of development, The Filipinos are a race quick to learn and to profit by knowledge. Ho would be rash who, with tho teachings of contemporaneous history In view.

THE ATI MY.

The personal strength of the army Is

Tlloro 1IV 5S 0]

.(,.lst

(1(

.rt,llS(.

fll

..„

tloa

I l-OKLK.N lUADh. and others to be built pr.ivide for aci'i Our torcigi, trade shows a remarka-, commodatmns for. and if fuUv garrible leco.d ot commercial and nidus- som .!,

require

in n,,,n

•nut (\p!»i(,s loi lii(» iirsi {hue in tin* i. .. 1 oi tlie present our troops in 1hat S island cannot be withdrawn or mater-

for.-,

""""if'ac,,,-es in the

is to

^.jWnroops

\V,»"hav#

and cJmX*

ially diminished. In 1'orto Rico wo have reduced the garrisons to I,('30,: which include S 11 native troops. Wo will be required to keep a considerable in the Philippine islands for some time to eouie. From the best information obtainable we shall need there for the immediate future from ,(II.IMII.I tt (5(1.110(1 men. 1 inn sure the number may be reduced as the Insurgents shall come to acknowledge tho authority of the United States, oC which they are assuring Indications.

If. must be apparent that wo require an army of about (0,000, and that during present conditions in Cuba, and the Philippines the president should have authority to increase the forcu to the present, number of 1(10,000. hicluded in this number authority should be given to raise native troops In the Philippines up to .15,000, which the Taft commission believe will be more olfootive in detecting and suppressing guerillas, assassins and ladrones than onr own soldiers.

Iil'ItAL POSTAL DELIVERY. The continued ami rapid growth of Ihe postal service is a sure index of the great and increasing business activity of Hi,, country. lis most: striking new development is the extension ot rural free delivery. This has come almost wholly within the year. At the beginning of the fiscal year 1,800-1000 the number of routes in operation was* onl\ .,01 ami most of these had been running less than .12 months. 011 the 15th of November, IlK.lo, the numberhad increased fo 2,(51 I, reaching into 4-1 states and territories, and serving a population of 1,801.524. The number' of applieat ions now pending and awaiting action nearly equals all those granti'd up to tho present time, and by tlie close of the current fiscal year about 4.000 routes will have been established. providing for the daily delivery of mails at. the scattered home of about. .!..00,0i 10 of rural population.

THE NAVY.

ej etiieient, service has been rendered by tlie navy in connection with tlie insurrection in the Philippines and the recent disturbance!' In China. A very satisfactory settlement: has been

lldil)

., question of

the necessity tor a government armor plant avoided. I approve of tlie recominendatIons of the secretary of tlie navy for new vessels and for additional ollieei-.s and men which tlie required increase of (he navy makes necessary.

PKXSIOXS.

Vt the end of the fiscal year there.'' "e,e 011 the pension roll 003,225 names/ a net increase of 2.010 over the fiscal year l.soo. The amount disbursed for army pensions during the year was $131,700,507.2-1 and for navy pensions $3,1(51,533.11. a total of $l38,4t 2,13U.i 5,' leaving an unexpended balance of $5,542,7(58.25 t:o be covered into the] treasury, which shows an increase' over the previous year's expenditure of $107,077.70. Tlie act of May, 1000,: among other things, provides for aii extension of income to widows pensioned under said act to $250 per annum. The secretary of the interior:' believes that by the operations of this act the number of persons pensioned under it will increase and the increased annual payment: for pensions wlll:' be between $3,000,000 and $1,000,000. Ihe government justly appreciates the services of its soldiers and sailo.s by making pension payments liberal beyond precedent to them, their widows and orphans.

Ihe message then touches upon tho need of further schools in Alaska progress of civil and industrial institutions in Hawaii: a review of the work of the census department and of (he department of agriculture, with recommendations, and presents the need of a better organization,in the force of the civil service commission. A hall of public records at Washington is recommended and tlie coming celebration of the anniversary of the location of the seat of the national government Is felicitously referred to. In concluding his message, tho president says:

In our great, prosperity we must guard against the danger it invites of extravagance in government expenditures and appropriations: and the chosen representatives of the people will, I doubt not, furnish an example in thcil legislation of that wise economy which in a season of plenty husbands for the future. In this era great business activity ami opportunity' caution is not untimely. It will not abate, but strengthen confidence. It will r. ,5 re .".:- ], but promote legitimate industrial and commercial expansion. Our growing power brings with it temptations and perils requiring constant vigilance to avoid. It must not be used to invite conflicts, nor for oppression, but for the more effective maintenance of those principles of equality and justice upon which our Institutions and happiness depend. I/ct us keep always In mind that the foundation of our government is liberty its superstructure peace.