Crawfordsville Weekly Journal, Crawfordsville, Montgomery County, 8 November 1890 — Page 3

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VOL 4,«

•KSHHQETFrT"^ «wbaiugass?.'

OR MONTHLY SICKNESS

IF TRWTN OURVHG CHPIUGE. QF- U*T GRLKT.M MUaER^ SU7FERMGWU. BL MOHttfl JHOOK

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II CURE

When eay CURB I do not mean meraly to itop them for a time, and then have them re* tarn again. I ME AN A RADICAL CUfi.F* ,. 1 ham made the disease of

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In Memo nam.

At a call meeting of the Orphans' Home Board, the following tribute ot respect to the memory of.Mrs. Irwin was accepted, and ordered printed.

Our hearts were saddened by the sudden death of Julia Willson Irwin, who lived her fifty-one years in this city. Yery early in life, she united -with the M. E. church, later on transferred her membership to the Episcopal church where she was an earneot worker and a devout worshiper. Her distinguishing characteristic was shown in her warm sympathy with suffering children, she being*one of the first persons to aid in establishing the present "Home" for

Orphans in this county, and through all her remaining years was untiring in her zeal and energy in their behalf. While the Board deeply sympathize with the bereaved family in their great sorrow, they feel the irrepressible losa of one of their most active and valued memoors, whose vacant place in their councils 6annot be easily lilled. Her benefactions were not confined to any seat or people Every tale of woe touched her tender heart and she faithfully ministered to theneedy, the helpless and the distressed. She was a Christian charity, in faith, in hope. She has entered into rest and received tho reward reserved for those who have served God's creatures best. "Bettor dentil when work is done

Than earth's most favored birth Better a child in God's great house Tliau the King of all the earth." Her cheeiful, affectionate nature made light in a home now desolate. A devoted wife to the kindest of husbands, a loving mother, good sister and true friend, her many virtues will be a pie cious memory in the hearts of all who knew and loved her. "?luce she went home— The long, long days have crept away like years The sunlight lias been dimmed with doubts and fears, Aud the long nights have rained in tears,

Since she went home."

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Thousands Poisoned,

In a recent work on heart disease, Dr Franklin Miles—the noted specialist gives many new and startling faots. Thousands of poople are slowly poisoning themselves, weakening their hearts by the use of tea, coffee, tobaoco and alcohol. These are BEAUT-WHIPS, causing it to beat rapidly, thuf gradually wearing it out, producing shortness of breath when exercising, pains In side and shoulder, hungry and faint spells. Finally heart failure and sudden doath. For weakened and irritated hearts the press everywhere highly reeoD-imends the Now Heart cure discovered by Dr. Franklin Miles, which is for sale by Nye & Co.

THE FOURTH WEEK.

THE PETTIT OASE DRAGS ITS WEARY LENGTH ALONG.'

The Testimony of Ohemists Peters Haines—Dr. Oowan, Eistine and O'Parrill Testify—The

State Olcse.'

FBANCIS ACIIUSON,

of Tippeoanoe knew Pettit remembered Pettit being brought to Gollroth and Stuart's office in Lafayette last winter by Turnkey Ben Osborn. Mrs. E. C. Whitehead was in the room with him all tho time heard no conversation

DK. W. H. PETERS

Then took the stand with an armload of books and DeHart took tlie cross examiner's chair at the defense's table. Witness is a physician and chemist in Lafayette and a graduate of Purdue and the Ohio medical college has the degrees of B. S., M. S., and M. D. has been an analytical chemist since '82 was assistant State ohemist for two years under Wiley and Warder studied under Proi. Wiley, now of Washington D. C. have made a specialty of toxicology, the science of poisons have analyzed human bodies for poison in all eight bodies in course of 7 years has searched for all poisons and in some cases found none never found strychnine except in the case of Mrs. Pettit has used all the standard chemical works and keeps abreast of the times, reading constantly works in all languages, especially the German monthlies has read all the best works and manuals on poisons and applied all tests was employed on Nov. 20 to analyse the body of HattiePettit for stryohnia and brusia went to West Monroe with Haywood to make the analysis went to West Monroe from Oswego with Haywood, Judge Stowell and a man named Paul started for the home of Mrs. Laura Shields, the sister of

Hattie Pettit met her husband, Bob eet Shields on the road and went with him to the house arrived there Mr, Shields took his wife into a separate room and soon Stowell was called in after him HaywJod and finally the wit ness after dinner they proceeded to the cemetery and Mrs. Shields pointed out the grave the body was exhumed and borne by the witness, Shields, Htywood and S?xton Graves to a barn 100 yards a^vay the coffin lid was removed and the corpse exposed, covered with mildew Mrs. Shields identified the remhins as those of her sister Hattie. (Here Mrs. Shields was called in and identified by witness. As she retired Haywood asked that she might be permitted to remaiu and hear the testi mony as she had been heard but the defense objected and she passed out.) After Mrs. Shields had identified the remains she left the bam, and the wit ness, in the presence of Haywood and Graves removed the shroud the features were distorted and the hand terribly cramped. Three front teeth were gone there was a gold ring on little finger of left hand which witness took away with him. He made an incision from tcjj of breast bones to the hip bone and exposed the vitals he then removed the stomach aud small intestines, tho liver, the spleen and the heart and part of the brain aud put them all in separate glass jars he examined the heart, linings, gall bladder, brain and upper part of the spinal cord aud found no disease. He wrapped the parts taken out and put them in a sealed box, wrapped with oord. No one was present wlien he did this. The jars had been cleaned by sulphuric acid aud distilled water,

The parts he took away were tho liver, stomach, spleen and half the brain. The box was made of inch lumber and for the very purpose. No one touched the body except witness. Tha coffin lid was then nailed down and witness help ed carry the body back to the grave, He then returned to the barn, put the boxin his uggy, and drove to Central Square. He then left for home and reached there Nov. 25 at 9 a. m. The box had not then been disturbed as his seal made by impressing the palm of liis hand in the wax was unbroken. Took box to his laboratory and left it till 4:30 p. m., the doors and windows being sealed. He then opened the box, plaoed stomach and intestines in evaporating dish and again sealed the box. At 8 p, m. he out up the walls of stomach and intestines into pieces and put them in a jar containing alcohol, water and sulphurio acid. This was plaoed in boiling water for 12 hours to dissolve strychnine, then poured the solution off and repeated the experiment for 6 hours more and after filtering the solution several times added choroform to dissolve the fats. The chloroform solution was separated from the aoid solution. The latter was made alkaline. The former was filtered, boiled down and sulphurio aoid added to destroy all foreign matter and purify the strychnine. Thin was repeated until the final residue was dear and orystolline. It was very bitter and gaye the strychnine tests. Sulphuric acid did not coior it. Bichromate of potash caused the colors blue, livid purple, red and yellow followed rapid succession. Alkaloid form of strychnine is soluble in chloroform, ether but not in water, is very bitter and gives this color test mentioned.* With the crystalline residue all those tests weremade successfully. He went through the full process of analysis, using porcelain dishes, glass jars, bottles flasks and funnels all cleaned with sulphuric acid aud distilled water. He was hunting for brusia and strychnine, Pound none of the former. The amoun of alkaloid strychnine found waa .38

CRAWFORDSVILLE. INDIANA. SATURDAY, NOVEMBER 8, #.)()•

and

grains, equal to .503 grains of the sul plate of strychuiue. This was in stomach and intestiues alone. Analysis will give alkaloid if tho sulphate has been taken into the system. The sulphate is soluble in water. The med-'cals used in the tests were all pure, ho having tested them on a piece of human liver not poisoned and nono of tho above results appearing. Mrs. Pettit's liver weighed 30 ounce. He analyzed of it and obtained 1-25 of a grain, making in all about I of a grain. Some of it was necessarily lost in tho analysis. One half grain is nccossary to cause death. Was positive the substance found was stryolialso examined brains but found no strychnine. Examined nothing else but the enibalmer's lluid in the abdomen which contained no strychnine. He then had left the heart, part of the brain, tho snleen and half the liver. They are not now in his possession. Three months ago on the order of Haywood he took them to Walter Haiues, of Rush Medical College, Chicago. They had been kept in sealed boxes all the time. It took four or fiye days to make the analysis and no one was ever present. Had no strychnine in the laboratory. Also made a physiological test. Gave one frog a little over one-ninth of a grain of the crystalline strychnine from the stomach, and it died after 8 hours of convulsions displaying all the usual symptoms. Gave another frog the same amount of strychnine of com merce and it got well in 1G hours after convulsions. Also introduced some of the crystalline strychnine under the skm of a mouses back and the mouso died. The crystalline form indicates purity. The sulphate is soluble in hot water or tea. Brusia is a substance associated vith strychnine in the non vomica plant. A oup of tea will dissolve 480 grains of strychnine. The tea would be very bitter. The process he went through with would eliminate every other substance except brusia.

One grain of strychnine would be fatal. It acts on the spinal chord and is taken up by the blood as any article of food. It would likely be found in analysis in the stomach, hoart, liver and spleen. It passes of rapidly in the urine, porspiration and all secretions. It will take effect usually in half an hour. Being taken in a capsule doses not retard its action. Oil does retard. Symptoms of strychnine poisoning are anxiety, twitching and suddei^tojivulsions, during which the faceraalteriiately livid and flash,the breathing hard, tho hands clenched, feet separated and body arched upward. The relaxation is complete between convulsions. Tho patient either dies from exhaustion or suffocatiou. If from the latter during a oonvidbion. The mind is always clear and after relaxation the muscles are sore. There cannot be repeated convulsions hours after dose.

The condition of the hands was not due to post-mortem changes the ring was found on third linger of tho corpse. (It was shown by Dr. Peters.) Blue, violet and purplo varry not in the order, but in the shade owing to what chemical is used to bring them out lingers, after death by strychnine can be straightened but they will return to the cramped position. "If strychnine is taken in a poisonous dose on Sunday afternoon and tho convulsions come and cease that afternoon, will convulsions follow on Tuesday morning?" "No." A second hypothetical question was then put which included tho details of the embalming, exhuming of the body and the chemical analysis with its results. The objections of the defense were tho same as before except the objection was added that the question assumed that .505 grains of strychnine were equal to 2-3 grains of sulphate of strychnine. Tho objections were overruled and the witness answered "She died of strychnine poisoning." Mr. Haywood wanted to discover the witness' opinion as to the number of doses the patient took, aud to do tliia had to read tho entire first hypothetical question over again. Tho defense mado the same objections and witness answered, "She must have roceivod three doses at least, aud I think more. One on Sunday, one on Tuesday aud one on Wednesday, and probably some other doses on Tuesday." Bromide of potassium is not a poison tincture of digitalis is a poison in doses of 240 to 480 drops. The symptoms are coldness, fainting but not tetanio convulsions. Subnitrate of bismuth is a poison in large doses, symptoms, vomiting and purging, no tetanio convulsions or rigidity. Chlorate of potash is poisonous in doses of an ounoe symptoms are abdominal pain, no convulsions morphine is not poisonous in dose of less than $ grain symptoms, profound stupor, respiration slow, complete relaxation atropia given with morphine keeps respiration up and makes poisoning less dangerous. If morphine was given in tetanio convulsions the patient would fall into a stupor and if death should ensue it would be during sleep. Calacynth is not a poison except in large doses. Tincture of aconite, 60 drops a poisonous dose, symptoms are tingling of the skin, vomiting, dizziness paralysis of the legs, failure of sight. Hydrate of chloral, 30 to GO grains a poisonous dose, symptoms, unconciousness, face flushed and livid, profound stupor death occurs in sleep, no convulsions calomel is not a poison if given freely the teeth are liable to become loosened, saliva flows freely chloroform is a poison, symptoms are deep breathing, no convulsions if death ensues it is quiet if chloroform is applied in tetanio convulsions it would not poison the patient. Traumatic tetanus is caused by wound, symptoms bad feeling for several days, jaws become locked. at in tor VJLIH, convulsions as described in the hypothetical question

approach of oouvulsions is gradual,lasting several days idiopathic teainus has sumo symptoms but not so sovere. It iB not caused by wounds. No case ever heard of in this olimato. In tetanus traumatic, several days preceding thoro is discomfort and the jaws are first attacked in stryohuiuo the disoomfort is not felt and convulsion oomos on iu its full vigor all at once. Hysteric convulsions come on gradually and the patient apparently sutlers no pain. It lasts longer and tho face is not flushed. Death nevor ensues. Congestive chill is oausod by acuto malarial poison. Temperature is very high then body becomes cold and the patient may be unconscious. Convulsions may follow but not tetanio and during them the patient is unconscious. Malarial poisoning is taking into system living germs which theu multiply.

CROSS.—(By Col. D^llart.) Witness was 31 years old. Been praotioiug medicine since 18SG been at work on analysis since 1882. This is witness' first case of strychnine poisoning has had three other casos of poison. (Theu followed a number of questious testing the witness' ohomical knowledge which were satisf a ctorily answered.) Was em ployed in November 1889 by tlis State, the night before leaving for West Monroe. Tho contract was that witness should go east and exhume the body of Mrs. Pettit and make an analysis for which tho county commibsioners of Tippecanoe were to pay him $250. Did not sav to Prof. Merril at Lafayette that ho had had two or three nibbles at poison oases and was uow about to got another nor did he intimate to Prof.

Merril that his expenses to Niagara Falls were paid by the prosecution did not tell Mrs. Shields that there were two or three doses given and that it could not be accidental. It was half an hour bofore Mrs. Shields consented to the exhumation but witness did hear her refuse to have it done defendant did not have any representative at the exhumation unless his sister-in-law represented him gave defendant uo notice made a memorandum of every step was asked at habeas corpus to give a detailed account of his doings but did not tell of memorandum he said did not think of it part of the memorandum was made at tho grave and part that evening at the hotel. Witness was willing to produce the memorandum. Tho brain and medulla were absolutely free from disease, also the liver, spleen, lungs, pancreas did uot make examination of bladder saw no wounds on the body ail the examinations wero made before tho habeas corpus exoopt that of tho fluid iu the stomach used electricity iu in tho analysis but lorgot to state this in the habeas corpus did not give notice to defendant before making analysis refused to give tho rest of the liver and vitals to Dr. Hurty when kindly requested to do so by Col. DeHart, because tho court did not order him to do it. Tho reason he did give them to Dr. Haines was because Haywood, an officer of tho court,ordered him to do so.

On the walls of the stomach there was decomposition used these walls analysis ptomaines may bo developed at any stage of decomposition a ptomaine is an alkaloid formed in bodies during decomposition. Those ptomaines are uot vogetabio, but are somewhat similar. 'Jfhey taste bitter. Vegetable ptomaines will produce con vulsions. Tho color reactions are similar to those of strychnine soys some authorities. Ptomaines can produoo tetanic convulsions did not look for wounds of the body tho teeth hid been torn out a short time before death the matter found in tho stomach wasa grayish sticky matter sent none to Professor Haines there was dark fluid blood in the heart in death from strychnine it usually is this way played cards with Haywood and two strangers at Central Square, Now York, at a hotel, leaving tho box containing tho remains with the laud lord for half an hour they were iu several baggage rooms checked on tho way homo at the time these remains were put iu the labratory there were no other bodies there. There were a few oorpses or ports of them sealed up in the cellar. Worked on Mrs. Pettit's liver by gas light do not remember all the important steps taken in the process did not follow any formula, as it is as impossible to do this as it is to follow the footsteps of a dead man witnesB did not use his own formula but might have varied some from Roger's formula has the original record of the important steps taken at the analysis made it up after the analysis from notes which have not been preserved did not record the variations made and was engaged a whole week practiced his profession during this week is a specialist of the eye, ear, nose and throat, is also a toxicologist does not now do a general praotice and has not for 18 months saw a case of strychnine poisoning before he was a doctor was in the photograph business it was a traveling arrangement for two months pitching tents h*e and there. There is no one great speoial characteristic of strychnine but there are groups these groups are tetanio convulsions, complete relaxation between, tho convulsion recurrences, and complete consciousness all the time. If the person died in the convulsions they would bo consoious would not expect a person to die of a strychnine convulsion after being in a stupor for several hours it would hardly bo credible, Complete relaxation between the convulsions is peculiar to strychnine poisoning. This is not the case in tetanus although there are simular points. 'The muscles of the jaw aro Mrst involved iu tetanus and last in Btrychnine. The duration of tetanus extends through days and the strychnine through hours chloroform would cause

M'Ml I-ll

SYMPTOMS OB LIVER II8I5A8®« Loss of arpotltc badbroath bad taste in the month: t«ngiio coated pain under tha Bhoulder-blado: in tho back or side—ofton mistaken for rhoumatlRm: sour stomaoU. with flatulency aud water-brush Indigestion bowels lax and costlvo by turns hoadacho, with dull, heavy sensation: rostlossness, with sensation of haviug loft something undono which ought to navo been douo: fullness after eating bad temper blues tired feeling yellow appearance of skin and eyes dizziness, eto.

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a relaxation between the convulsions o£ tetanis is lcjpt up const,autly porenoss of tho stomach before tho convulsion is not a symptom of strychnine but acute soreness is of tetanus malaria can not result in tttauio convulsions, but extremo cold could oaufe it totauus may result from the extraction of a tooth, a blow or the compression of a nerve tho broad griu is uot peculiar to either the resting on the head aud heels aro not :v either the patient calls for help in strychnia poisoning before tho convul-,'" sions and before tetanio convulsions extreme thirst is not a characteristic of strychnia poisoning if a patient should toll those around not to hold him during convulsions would not think that they wero not strychnia convulsions, but that it was a whim of the patient patients of strychnia poison do not ask ganerally-to be scratched never luiewu of a rash resulting from strychnia it may from morphia digitalis is madefrom tho leaves of an English pla'it it is not very bitter its admmiatration requires great care ou account of its cumulative qualities a phyyioian should know a patient's temperament bofore giving it, the same fact is true of chloroforrn if a pationt complained of heart disease it would be a proper remedy in stryoluiia poisoning chloroform may produco convulsions under certain conditions morphia is a bitter alkaloid atropia is a vegetable alkaloid, bitter aud capable of producing eomulsions aconite is a deadly poison capable of producing convulsions tho color test for strychnine camo into use in 1837 tho colors always appear in tho same order it is an infallible test under tho proper conditions tlve residuum obtaiued in Pettit tho analysis cannot bo entirely eliminated from tho unknown or- 5 ganio matter in it this matter is probably carbon. Carbon is organic matter:

Elwell is prett/ good authority so considered, but witness never read him. DeHart then read from Elwell that the color tyst was reliable unless accompanied by the b:ttor taste anil erystaline form. Tho doctor agreed to this with a grin. Lu the analysis taken from tho body there was no stryoliniuo did not look for arsenite of soda witness then flatly denied the authority of Woodman and Tidy on the re-agents for producing tho color test, and said thoy Btood alone in their opinions here, which were poor. Don't know just exaotlv when iu the process the ether was used used tested alcohol in the process. DeHart then road from Worm ley and was accused by Haywood of reading iucorreotly and the lie was freely passed between the two Bide. Judge. Snyder ordered them to their seats. The difficulty was liually adjusted, however, and the examination proceeded did not say on the habeas

corpuB

that

tho colors appeared in the succession of hluo, violet and purple did not swear so yesterday or this morning. If such a statement was made it was a slip of the tongue. The correct order is blue, purple, violet red, reddish and yellow. Don't know how Reece gives them.' (DeHart here got his papers mixed and was guyed by the State, He replied "I haven't got them mixed as badly as this witness haB the colors.") DeHart read from Beeoe and Taylor to the effect that the sucession was blue, violet, purple, etc., and the witness asked to see the books he was allowed to do so and then said DeHart had road right and that he had been wrong in saying the purple came before the violet. He explained his mistake by saying he had been mixed. The defense grinned with a delight almost indesorible. Witness did not know whether ho had been mixed all through the examination or not. tho physiological test is Dot exactly the same with frogs as with human beings the frog in liis convulsions lay on his back, his toes clinched and his boily drawn in said iu tho habeas corpus that tlie frog lay on his back and his body was bowed forward the residue found should have been crystalline before tested as strychnine it was so.

Chloroform will take up strychnine but not digitalis it will not take up lOontinuud on paffo 5.1