Crawfordsville Weekly Journal, Crawfordsville, Montgomery County, 24 November 1888 — Page 7

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««TJjo M:ni Spj'ciiwir

.ii.

Tin:

wp*

11 iaitlo

(k ui.-.Uu"

':::KK DAYS' niaiTiNU.

Orclum! Knoli, toukonl Mnir.Maii),

Mi.sioiiary llitl^iv..,

-A Nifttit HjClr, a Korounoiwoutefs l!u»T7attlo Above ibe ('totals, and the ielr»ry at the Finish Th-it Vim Won by (ho IVivato

Soblier* WlllitMil Ordor-s—• N\»v. ?54# *", TtTri»l-iiv« Ycart Ag'r—-tjperlnc tho CriwJ.er I.inc.

ChatUvno HM iSfilnuti'il on I he left or south bunk of tho Tenm-see river, where: l*t' river breaks through lee mountain chain. Tho town is at the north end of a valley formed bv M..ssionarv Ridge, on the east and Lxkout .Mountain on th west-... The A'hlley is five miks \v:dc, and Lookout Mountain is two miles sjuUr.vcst of the Ui'.vtt. From tho top Lookout, five states aro vtsdne. Chat'"'tiiir •. »*a ere?-k runs through the valley.

f,j

0rth«ri'\0..

•i.

Slip 'V\

v- «y rr«Av*

^j.v ,M

ii5?

o,J J?

MAI' t.»r L'HATTAN it

•Inst aft«*r h*H\in^ ('}int-tan /c vi th" river walu-s ••nrvt* .so Ic.nj nnd-shnn* liuif- it is iio inuro ihai: mii-.v juT'w- whik1 iL •,»v«,r mix ics*!••?» around. Northwest nf l/Kijiout is another rurij t'calk-«l Rnc

m«

froni tin- south nrinv* was h^ajinnd v,-

U'eeks went 1?. and thtnr rat:.cs were gettto^ sh'Tt. Ad Mippiies- were brought irom F»r:dge{ ort. Ala.

To escape the oufedejmos. all '-UDpbffis for the trooj» in ChattatJi-' ^a ur.i.-t be dra-_".rcd far around by a noriherlv roiue from Bridgeport. (.'ii utanoo^a and Bridgeport arw only tw»nty-^ix nn«(^ apart, but by the road tbo teamsters were f.»rc«'d to u.^e th- dts-tanee was sixty r.r!*•?•. Kvvn then tho wa ron trains "Were oi»ee nrtv.i.'e eaj'lurejl.

mountain s'u'eps. The wa^on trains that earned food from L»ride£port to ("hattauoo^a vero hometinies so long on the road that M-hen they reached their destination they were already empty. The teamsters and ^uariLs themselves hud eousumed the foiKl.

GUANT TAKES COMMAND.

Tho Fituati»)ii seemed m^laneholy enough when, Oct. 1^. a new actor upj^ared on tho scen«. (*en. Ulysses S. Grant, bringing with him the jiresti^eof Vjeksburg, wasapjK»intetl to take charge of the division of the Mi'ssirtsippi, iuei tiding all the armies between that of tho l'otomuc and the Mississippi. At the same time (fen. It i.^ecrans was relieved from com- j. mand of tJie Army of tho Cumlwiand at I Chattano-)ga, ar.d mmi. Thomas put in his ,/|)lacc. 8ix days 1 ^forc Grant was appointed to his new command, an event occurred in tho ('onfederate camp-that had imjKirtant b»ari!i^ on the eatntvii^n that was tocinne. Uet. Ii.',

JetTers-'n l-avis, pi\ ident of the »Southern Confederacy, visited iijrajj£ and tlie Jleltl «if Chic:%aniHn ,ra. lie made un address to tho •.soldiers.- lie to]d them th-? j:rec:i liclds of

Tennos^i would slv.»r» iy a.uain be tac-nv-. '1 hen he det^iehod hon^trcet, with ll.fX-'O I infantry, to^o on an expedition^-for the purpose of driving Byrnsnie out East ,'Ionue.xsee.. Thus be took away nearly a third of .Bra^g's army the face of an impending bat?]? and of the thousand? of ro-onforee-inonts that, were,already on their way to the Union army nt Chatt uioo£n. ^'I'his exM-nortlinury military rnovcr.jent ahat «f liOi:"str«?et

country

against JCnoxviilo)

Was 11,0

w',['k

&'&'• 15/ i'lT-sident Davis," }. ays 12. A. J'ollard in his ••Lost Cause." "His .visits to every battleiieid of tho (.'onfederacy wei*o omi!luus.*,

^-W

4,(.n

sev-

Seral occiioions dur-

(fcfv.^v ins the \wsr Mr. lfK% Dav ear.yj to tho

JEITKHSO.V DAVIS. I'OllOf Of tile Unioll •annv by ui-.in of Iiis superior military ^tratet.v,v wrj'£os-.(.ie:i. Grant slyly in hisi memoirs.

y, tJon. (rmnt-had nu interview J.anisvillo with h50i?r *«ary:Ht:tnt0ij, who cam .r Ihe purj -e At us cl»w} Grant t«df»^n»pln ii

Thomn:-( -kl Chatt^moosn at. ail nujmrds, .addifrjL •wnilM l«otb i,rnl{. Thonu-v ,.i h« i'.o Li^LOi'iC upl

vVo

will Id I 11» 1 ac ir\e A«nl i^l"»d r..-» sta.r\atioii point Ud not lor^k «o very far oft. Tho ii' Us-e.l- wa.f..from--'«i5tl^ ihativ.

soldiers

i\jT

hviUo, Ti

indwhen bttla cilled

f(*jd for fi-' ',*u ti'f 11, hey I 4 atthan i«ij ,\.jd 'j'nc this druf-l'.ori-fiae iiOov,' ('i.^. ,o 1 jnrnodJatc' to ^a*frcnt, roachen .' !..•? •. ,o.j.Qjti. Ilo wn- nf this time one \i .. «,i{ronn &ti!l froi G.o resulL of a t,ili h'oin h«» horse? New (')rlcans some .-.ti mo before. From Bndireporfc: bis •journey had to bo made horseback. Jkul iis the road ordinarily was, iUs ddlicnity had been increased to actual danger sojuo places by recent heavy rains and washouts along tho mountain sides. Over these poiuU tho general was carried in tho arms of his fioklicrs.

Oct. (5 rant reached Chattanooga just l)oforo dark. His first action, that snmo uight, was U) telegraph to Washington asking that Gen. William Tocumseh Shern^Mi be appointed to command the Army of tbo Tonm*ssee. Tho reqnost wns granted at once. Gen. Sherman's headquarters wero to be "in tho field."

Next day, Oct.. 21, Grant mado a personal Inspoction of the situation about Chattanooga. Imr ediately afterwards ho ordered tha

uopening

of tho cracker line," as tha half

famished soldiers named it. This was direct eomunmieatiou with Bridgeport, whencesupplies wero obtained.. The honor of forming and executing the plan for reaching Rrid&ojHirt direct belongs t.) Mnj. Gen. W. F. Smith. In the Un.on army there were thirty Smiths of tho .rank of general, bur. the one who planned the first movu for the victory over Bragg ,ut Chattanocsza was familiarly and a(To"tiohaUdy knuwii to the soldiers

{V/

c*^f v..

Knob, sy

vr. r.

"L'aldy" Smith. Tho move was planned before Grant rencned Chattanooga, and »:ubnnt U*d k» him tho evening oi his

arriva!, u. "IV K»o morning Gntnl vjsiMd, comjany vvith Cien. vi'JwMoSfi tiK' vti-f {^ontfijiplat opvrnlions, and Hppro od Sniith1H phm. Cirant nud

/,\\v S. I*y» V*V A\ -jC\

*$3.

e/WsV

Tbomxs went in cafcy rungi.* of the !»nfr*d*.ira le fi ro

W-' 'Ki across tlm ri t* Inh nmkiiis tlii« ti n, they w^rti not. distmhrd. hy !ookiti'^ at tho

mnp lhi» rrad(.-r will mxlfrsuma the plan^. 1'nroe msks lu*io\v the ih'int *vhvm l/jof otit MounUnn t.oii'.'ht^ th»? TpijU'.'ss'M river v.-.hr a eroding k: o*-v:i aw jirowu*:- Kerry. It ojjoikhI into a ^rg» in the mountain, lind'tar© there v-i's p:tqsable road. Jirown'H IVrry wa* at tho nnrrowLst- ]oitL in tLf» neck of the barp !x»nd !n:id'* hy.Ui4» rp-'fr, t.hs •tho-tiorth-jj»d«} of the nwr, acr»^ from 'h«tmtio«£u, v/as Mo -c^.*in^.

Th.Vi-f (Jays after (Iratit's arrival a trusty oflkv.r from one-.of Thonia??' f'ld bn^ad'-s r/a^.told U* report at oiux* to k-n. W. F. Braith. He fe*und (»cn. hniith waiting rr hifn. 'i'he ^ent'ra) ni'Mtnt^i liis hor'-e a:k! kd th»T wa% iicro^ the pontoon briv^r»» whieli eonnoet.vl C'havtanoo^a witli tlse le-rth j-ido of ihe Tennessee. 'J boy

T()

rIhov

there bv rad :rum Nashv)!!'.. bu: trom iirid^epoil-1 no railroad, tne e-nni t» nrer «nd th* .shortest waj.'on vuads reread in jKssei»ion Bia uim

c-ed Moe ^nsiM JN'int

ainl ]v«!e swifiiv lonunls the \vest, through the neck o!:th(« U~nd. 8ittin^ thore by the river with tfraycoaUnl pickets looking at 1h« tw«» froir. the opjMjsite hank, just ns limy had previously looked at Grant, and Thomas, -without firing, .Smith told the otik'er hi« r-!an forojienin^ the luead )jne t/ Bridgeport.

Britdly, it was trHiMk»» a end capture Hrowus Kerrj hlr-vo, and diMNM t. Confvvl «tok from tiio goi'jje. Ijeavmg this v.tlley clear wordd o]x«n ii ti

on ?Jo ir.tuin.

Thest» ri .Missionary, Iy.K»K-ut and liatvoi.m, w.-rt' v-c.-upu.-d t'jon.jj^iiV bv Bnigg?s army, »ft«n* hi*kjimaui a. liuis and .wivi, ivj-t-rransV t'hatianodtrii.

1 oa oai-

lViu£ejort nearly to hook a in to Bror.-n^ Fwry, jn bii'irt.

were ta::on

Ijookout

dash that night ai'd the .heights

Moun r|X'n s. w«

tain entile dieularivt:

,11!x-

"AZKN.

thej asMni: of ihf» railroisi! into Cl a-t:atlfwi:rj Jvookoin. ?»Iount'i:n was in the lmials of the 'aufeierate:. Unt jflill. having (trought fooil ar.d re-'-.'nforcvmenty as far as Brown's Ferry by rail, vt .v )uld lee?uyto cros* th(j:n un Ix.uiUkuik to the north ski* o:' the river. Then by wnKoiS :g them over th»» nerk and Moiva-

The roads were almo.st imja«sabl« in p'ac^. Tin-re was no forage for the horses nud mul»*s, and nearly of them die 1 of starvation in the month of Oetol»er. Tho.*o that liveil were in no condition t-o draw heavy loads up sin's Voint tijere would bo only the river l»e-

tween theni ani (.'huttiinoo^a. The rest Wfiuld be easy. That ni^bl-1,000 men moved down the river to Brown's Ferry from hattanooga. Tliey were picked men. from atnona tho brav^t luid im«st exix'riencMvl of the veterans— Union's and Turchin's brigades. Kightcen hundred of them floated down the river the rest crossed tbo neck at Moccasin Point, on tho north side, and waited for tho river force,

Hazen, always ready for brave ami enerpetic action, led the jKmtoon force.. t»en. W. F. Smith hims«*lf commandod the IkxIv that marched across tho nock. (Jen. Smith was chief engineer of the Army of tho Cumberland. At

c:'ch'»ck. Oct. llazen pushed* his pontoons out upon tho river in tho black, silent night. Tho loading boat was double the sizo of the rest, and held iifry men.

Tho po too lloatcd down the

Xw north-side of tho rive -, hugging tho •zZk?'"'Shore. The men dare not u*.» tho

okn. TUi.'MAS. oars or fear of making a noise and bringing he* Cor.f*'derates tuon them. A strange, thrilling journey it was. They knew not. what moment they nii.srht be discovered, and the hills across the river bl u.e with destruction.

Once a piercing cry was heard. "What's that noise demanded the commander sharply. A private soldier had fallen overboard and gonu down into the black water. But no slop and no search could be mado for him. There was no mere noise after that one cry. The man was gono.

A great blucknocss. darker than the sky, loomed up before* hem. It w.-ls thefrownirg height ot .Lookout. Tiicv passed it safely and breathed liver. Three miles more, Browns Fcrrj'.

Tho great pontoon that was stop first drifted on past the lauding. Tho pdofc bad mistaken it. 4l'u!l in, jntll in. Col. Foy!'' shouted IIu/eu out loud, forgetting himself utterly.

Tho sound of Ins impatient voice reached the landing on tho south snore, to which the oarsmen Avet\«5 -,v ])nlh'ng f«r lear life. A single musutfy-.thschar^ rang out through lb- foggy air and ^-ivo the al'unn th» C.nfedurato••swdiyr?.- In -iivo mniutcs all was uproar-in iho-vallcv and ou tho heights. i'i hotH.a-ite soldiers ftf'epured to meet. tUti {(.* 'that had t-urpn-od tlum. tho landing in'-^ij! \y tund ttii'-Li up i-.v n•i-:hn. lioai- ^o boat k«d i/'ide s.ui loHowod

k*i. Tui 'k.o'^ jmn wor4»j«r»u«d n»r. ctr T\f uv.w| i, a br» I Vc v' ,i I „«i i.ajtihg oil t— 'i iw u.- !. uupany aft ?r.',co ci.'.o., tiiitil Buk*y.:.:«Si a urs wholo 4,0et)

ssc:

-, l,c.

A rat\s musketry lUlcl the d-iv-n. Oceasioiit.ii/ a li.^ny e-ii^m :j, lihngled with the iuu:4 ets, lor now the* vtOi^v-was- all alive. Thero way h.ot lighting and sharp, but it waswm over. Jlazcn"^^juen took jk»smssIou of Iho ton of a bill, av:fl throw up light breastworks, at once, Irom winch they could not both tven, though twoatt-acks wero mado on them.

By tho time the sun had cleared tho fog nway lrom tho valley lotwoen ljookout and ltaccoon mountaias ho looked down upon tho heights at the river, and Brown's Kerry itself, in secure jossessiou of tho Union army.

Oct. IK), Hooker hud, by order of Grant at Chattanooga, crossed to tho south sido of tho Tennessee at .Bridgeport and marched eastward towards Lookout Valley. This was to connect with i3aldy Smith's troops at Brown's Ferry. Hooker entered lookout Valley by way of Wauliatchie. Hooker had somo nhght skirmishes on tho way, but roached 1/xikout Valley, Oct. 2S. Wau-

batcV.io u*as a town on Lookout envk, throo iniles.back roiii n«* Ts,muvK-eo. The ]Kiintoo:i l-nd'.-e was finished .by 10 o'clock 4' (kt. "i by Bmjths comm-jiid at Brov. n's l\^i-y. By afternfxn ot the same •lay artilk rv wan crossing invin it. "Before the sun went down," writes ("apt. Kimberley, "the captors of Brown's l-Vrry, looking l'ar across, tho valley, saw the head of If/wtkerV corns comcvg ovfv* the hills— coming with full ha\viac,kvfrom tho land of plenty to iv-cni"rci tlie starving Army of tho ^'umberlii.i i.'"

FoDowiu'-r (ten. Hooker's mfirch up'the Temu^v.. r,\. ,• ie. tue south side -a!ite (h it. Palmer on the* north-.- sieje, Irom ,/S? U:-i,.1-:, i'c l»ad with iiun two divisions 'the iViurtecnth corps.

I ..

He was-ordered come up hcTennos-.yj-j to Whiteside's

vwr^v\^«\rt An-,v* 1 cross there HMW

ftt

fiKX. .'OWN II. TI'IR' IJIN.

"a-i

passed, 'i mou ho was to Itr.ld the crossing in the mir of Hooker. Thus by Oct. ii*. vvith

Ib'Okcr's and l'ak

riv»r*s forces stretched along the road from Bridgeport to JV/okout. Vallev, the army of ho Oumler!ahd had «ncf» more a w»eiire'1«')oting south-of tho Tennessee. Jt was never aurait lo-t.

Suj»plii»s were brought up tl.e river by st«'irnlioat from Bn'.lgeporw. to -JCWlv's Ferrv, eight mile from oaHnnooga

t::cy

wfie hmtn.'d -on south skIo of the i-ivor and bruugut by wagon to Bivwn .s Ferrv. )o rapid• interfered wan navi'r^tion be-

Brov. l-'erry und Kei/vs i-Vrrv. At Brown's Ferry gooa* for the soldjcrwere coj.\4-yed acro» on Gen, ^.truth's pon-:.-n brnJge. Tnenco to Chattanooga bv ^ag»»n v.« easv. uiid the Army ot tho Cumi.eriand novt went liungrv airain. ..

A MGHT BATTLE.

Tho force*.of Hooker and .koug.-treet had b«i n.Mnved to eaeli other since the U»jjini.mg.}i the war in Virginia. N ov both gene:alr» had bt* ?.r-nt west to try their strength agunisicich other on a new Jk*!d. The valley b'tuee.n Lookout and Maccoai mountains N-as hcai 5.»y ]ongsrre«ri. Jt w.-h through tho n- rth.»rn edge of this valley, skirting tlie Tennessee, that

Hc^ke!-

was obliged to p:i.ss.

Ib»kcrand the Eleventh corps went into eamp a mile l» ow Browiift lurry, in the ening oi.Oct, or»»e nrdes dn liis real*, at WaubnU-hio, was eami^.l Brig. (Jen. John W. Liearv, of Fcnnxylvauia, with a division of the Twenin ooris. But the .soldiers blent, Ian of battle, reauy for attack. ii was not likely that ihev wwuld.be jiermit ted to iaisi* -lav siego ot CtiatJiinooga unmolested

Ihey were not flisappointed iiy their cm^cUitions of a light .dlooker .*» march along the river road to Brown's Ferry was mado in plain view oI the Confederate troops oceupvIng 1/ookout aih^s a.nd tl"» mouutaiu Se)pe.

Midnight- came with .lnv moon shining brightly over both armies Tim first hour of Oct. struck. With it came a burst of urillery and musketry hn wjunded in tho ears of tho ideeping soldiery liko an earthquake. All sprang to their feet instantly. Goarv'n division back at the ferry ha/1 been attacked on thmc sides by Longstreet's troops. Tho attack was a very heavy one.

Gon. O O. Howard wns the commander of the Kleventh corjn. Hooker had general command of tho Eleventh and Twelfth corps together. Howard was no sooner awakened by tho noise of battle than a inc-s^enger oamo to him from Hooker, saying: "Hurry, or you cannot save (»earv.' Schurj.'.s and Kteinwehr's divisions wore hurriedly started toward the sound of tho linn?. Gen. Howurd himself, with two tv«nipanies of cavalrv, hasumed in advance of the infantry.

A little utter ti o'clock Howard reached Geary, lie found that Geary had already done Ins work bravely and well. l»ngstreoFs men had been driven back. (.)nr readers have met witli tho pyom called the "Charge of tho Mule Brigade.'' It was during this mght battle that tho inci-. dent winch origr* nntod the poem o$-: cunvii. I) ring tlie noiso and tl-.o flash ot. artillery ai mi 1 »try in tho dailuK-s tho mules belonging to Geary's division suddenly Ixvumo frantic with terror and made a stnmiedc. iiy the hundred they broko loow» and galloped directly into tho midst of the( %ufedoraU? ranks. In tiiedarkuess it.was easily mistaken for a charge of cavalry.

with hi*^

ith»

eom-

CJL'N. JOHN V»\ CiilAllY,:

Gen. Geary had won tho fight at his end of tho line. But it was nt a cost which to him could never'bo made good. For in that night battle his gnliant young son, Lieut. Edward H. Geary, was killed. (Jen. Howard found Geary thu« soro stricken in tho very moment of victory.

Tho but'.lo in "the darkness lasted threo hours. Geary held tho Union right. Hooker'* army was encamped to laeo Lookout Mountain.

Whde (renry was fighting on the right,' Longstn et ma loan attack on the left, ucar Howard's headquarters, lie hoped thus to' cngago ino left, and pro vent: assistance from bcjUiRh given-Ui.Ueai-y. Ho the aita'cking ^o:".:uu around nknast to tho rear of

iiowai:%»

u», and i.\k-r.«d ih^m tot

turo-.vjt.uill 11-,- rc. h- iiul ascended hiN mid wi. ui-enclun'' them^lves bf they jr, no dark before they wcru di'Vcr.'d,

As hW'i as -ihe»r presence was ktiowe. Col, Orhu.d ordered

to*bar.,(

he lud

.id ctuy

it 'i !u

liO ib

U!» M-ohargod'up the -K-p, lv. 1 ,dnvo the C-'^iederao-.s at point '-i tha'bayf.t" w^.-. Tous ropulsed on tho right f,. die ted back ffoiu JxK)kout •:». hrtjee on remained dear of .\nyr-:,tho night battle ih ley i/ong'vtroef. was.' sent agaicsfc.

hill

Hon Un' and-on un VaBoy. *ui:Jo. Lrokout

iiurnsido at. ivU«XViiIu. This e* pyricnccd and bravo Coafeticrato gonoral thus opened tlm fighting-at Chattanooga, but took no further part in ir. in tho night battle of Oct. lb tho Union winy lost 4-U men, tno Confederals still more. After this batilo there was no more inlerrui»tion in tbo forwarding of supplies to tho army at. Chuttauooga.

'THE MOST SPECTACULAR BATTLE IN OUR HISTORY."

It required somo time to get tho starved horses and annuals as woll us tho soldiers themselves in proper condition to fight tho great battlo that was impending.

Sherman was meantime ordered to hasten to Chattanooga with the Army of tho Tennessee. This was Grant's own old army, that had fought the battles of Fort Donelson and Pittsburg landing, and besieged Vicks-

burg till its fall. It had remained in Missis* sippi after '.he fall of Vkksbiir^. Ou reaching -ChfcUiinooga, Grant tok-graphed

VV VIX

to Shorman to move to Steven-.' son, Ala., with his ontiro for^c, and wait fnrthn orders. He was IV'-tt ori«red toe m«» to li at an a. Owing to l-Miiisand bad roads, li troops iid no: resell position till N»v. !^. 'I hev won: p'laet'..! oa ,:e Union ieM. three, mdes a!i »ve ('iiattnnooga, on la* n«"!ith l«tnk of tho Tennessee.

IJI.KMAN.

Nov. 2d. (iraut deejded to nnticoa roconnoissjiuoo. and a^cerf-un ^he'her P.re.'rg r-ti!l «cjupioil ln old position along Missionary itidgc, to mo cast, of Ct.»Rtt«noov u.

ORCHARD KN03, NOV. 23.

One if the »!le: »cs of nattaitoo^jiwas named hort Wo.«l. Beiweou (..'nattuaooga and Mi.ruoaary Hidg .i is Orchard Knob, a lab h.O fcet high. It was covered-w^vu••tun ki, ri'l |{Ki»s*Pin bw weJs. CoJ2nd« ht-o ii"c. .! ort Wo-.kI fac.'S .Orciiard JCn'.-.n. '.,

('^rdnn

Vie,\v men Cr u. Hon. w.-r.

Grantor. ^commanded in:*

1'ourth ariuy *on.s.- He w*as oi'dored to rua .o the lecoinioti-iajv-e umar M*o«mry Iti'r aU ii'ton, X«v. TI corjw.•marched. ru up^n thf» op«i. p^ln in ma nifkvnt *iv!o llag.* iU ?ng. vlrunw and bughn sounding, t- 'i ihou-.«:in4-}ol'^)ied arnH fi.tshmg in the s(*^n. -i'.-d. WOCKI'S division led, Gr^n P^u oLr-rm hc-hl Uio rear. :n. upon the .parajiet--at lkn-.t oi the sidondt i: corps were ri.groaj)« S i.' trious in American lu-tory Gei-.-.

Tiioma.s, Ht»oKor nn^i Granger: aiei Cniuies A. Iana, a ^'Siaut secretary in

^vav,"diko- a gram? military n-vicwt at »t di^::nmished men wero wate nng it.

th'.M'

Other eyes Were w.i rob iiig, too. Co: ode ra.to'-*, cye«, through field glaes, Oil

t-'A:

ez-

i:ifciwUa!-y

IMdgo heights. An hour alter h». corps apjve-aivd ou the phnn in fron! of Chattanfw»ga the btiglos sounded the advance. It was a grand military parade. !t was a real ir.ove* luont forward,

A* \«T

not

C, K.N

T. J. WOOD.

tiificently, as ii thcyh id Ihh-ii

'Steadily. 1:

still on dresn parade, r.oi a man out of step, the two divisions swent onvvard. MIIJS is magnificent! oxciaimcd (iin. llowaru, who had recomlv como trom tin* east. 'lit 1 mg Conft a n« ofTi ts s,i tl it it wns.no a dress paraoe. ilwirpiCKots led la- K. »J-ucklv Irom -the Confederate rule

piU iu. ae foot ot Orchard Knob oamo. sound.oi nutdietry. Tuo i.^onfe'.i'M'ates ojHfhed the bai* e. Their lire »s answered by a groat roar of cannon and mui-kot from Granger's corps.

The group of distinguished men standing upon tho parapet at Fort. Wood saw a cloud of white smoke so over tho.woods at Orchard Knob. Presently they heard a cheer, faint in the distance but elear. Grangers men had carried Orchard Knob.

Tho reconnissaneo had been a real fight. 'xxPs division lo»t over hundred. Gen. UawdirtR, Grant's chief of stair, stood beside him at Koit WcvkI. Ho urgxi that now it would not do at all to withdraw tho troops from tho Knob. Graut said nothing. Ho wa smoking slowly.

4,It

'•THE DAT

will have a bail

effect 14 bring them back aud lot them try ir over again," persisted Rawlins. "Intrench them ami wuid up support,'' answered tho silent man.

Thon tho officers on the parai»et know that the buttle of Chattanooga had begun. There wnf hurrying to and fro. Orderlies gal loped hither and 1 hither. Dispatchcs Were sent to Granger. bj Palmer and to Howard.

Not inrniy minute.-. passed till the (.' on so Idiers were building, a new advanced, line i»f mtronchmejit^. •tacmg 'Missi .Ridge.' (lrchai'il Knc was tho j)oint of support. The ^roup oi men upon tho parapet chatigetl their--post of observation Orchard Knob. Carl Schurz, Phil Sheridan and Gen. Howard joined them. A bravo picture they mado, looking across at Bragg on Missic»nary S llidgo. But it was before tho days of amatour photogra])hy.

HA.T fJK.V. GHAM.ii II

Gen. (kterhaus, of Sherman's army, had iKfii left with his command with Hooker, on the west side of Lookout, owing tothodifllcultv of crossing to tho north side of tho river at, Brown's Kerry. (3rant's original plan of battle had been for Sherman to turn Bragg's right on Missionary Ridge. He still adhered to it, though Sherman did uot open the battle.

BATTLE ABOVE THE CLOUDS," NOV. 23.

G-on. Hooker was ordered to make a de-inon.-TraUon against-1/ookout Mountain early Nov. i,'h At o'chick ((cm Geary's bvision aud Whjtatier's*.brigade erased' Lookout creek tit \Vauhal"hio with their farvs towards Lookout Mountain.., A heavy mist hid tho forward .movement .f rom the

tor .onie ttnu.v- As

thoy formed line /APing .the rcad over tho

freek.

Cell, CmJl\ w/h two b:i_ ks—Wl.it -.k^rN an I Gm's-rMii'il :i d^^.-.e.of Hunker ai army out of bo. »uiif aili, OstcrhaU1 «,.uo.i Vots 'j ^i» al-c. iS'ti uctioiis indud'^i perin'mimi to capturo t^c hi mi it of

Goiirv, who had crossed thJcr»fK Ia: the Wunhatehie bird, was marcniug steadily and lapidlv north along too turg^I mountain s'ldo^o join O.storhaus and Crntt. By li .o'clock the.three were toc-ethcron the.Confederate sale of Look»ut crotk.

At a given signal, artillery trom •MtieeoMn Point, across lie river. bi*can to play urn the ConUsierato works on l/H)kou«. So did the guns leit by Ho.»ker on t.no west side of the creek. A direct assault- up no mountain was made by Ottomans and «rosc.

They were lonvd to fight their wav step by step up the u-rrible mountain side.' .'I ne a^fyiultand tno lighting together formed as dillieult a task as uieu ever hao to encounter •in battle. fctid, op they worn not pnUKiu for a moment, fi^!:tmg and clunking for two hours.. Tticy carried the point, known

White lb.use plateau, where tho Confederate works wore most numerous.. Tnen hoolior t^nlei'ed a nalt all iiJong the line It *vas *'chx»k-and the men were w- I. •nigh, out of ammunition,-•••They had been fightmtr and marching since daybreak.

But tno Contoderatos hail retreated, thou. verv slowjv. goirjg towards Missjonarv Rid:. Hooker had gaintho_~ .su in

Down about C*hatUmoi3ga there were mou. Tie.'V heard ali the forenoon tno rattle ot muskets and ine. deon.voiced sound of-can nou lrom the direction oi L:v3kouL Sud denlv®, while t: ev ga^evl. tne-shroud

'e-nur::

Lookout MtnmtainUmou soUbersonec moro looked down lit l.ookoui tain int. at anooga, thi.y haii done t-. ^-unihior lief'f

But i4 was not li. v. cup army hail t»eeu then,

IIOWAKI). bv (Jratit- Wu-j

H*«'ker ordered toe In It- at 2 p. tho clou had grown so tiacg about ben utoir..i .t full or a-ivanco. Below, at (..l»:tl^- -.vi, tho light I'reseulcd the must wonderm si' This was the tamons "battle aoove the ciouc..-'1 so oft^u describctl. -x

OEX. PAT. CLEBUUNK.

Tho last poutoon wan ridded to the bridge near 11 o'clock a. in. Nov. 24. Sherman's troops began to crass and move up tho north end of Mission Ridge. It was rugged with gullies, fallen trees, great rocks und mountain spurs. The climbing was almost as difficult as that accomplished by Hooker's men in tho morning, but tho fightiug was not so severe.

Without heavy re.i

J.s(anco,

maile at dawn N

&W C?p:\

mist

parted lor a brief *mfo. upon White House plateau. It showed to them a bjittle upon the pluteau. with men in gray iu retreat and men in bine iu pursuit. Th brief giimp.-e was enough for the gazer? They rent tho air with such a cheer as tho mountains never echoed before or since. It wa.s Gen. Meigs who named it tho "battle r.bove the clouds."

Tho victory upon Lookout and around its north end put Iiooker in immediate Communication wi Chattanooga. By f» o'clock Hooker receivorl supplies, of ammunition,* ready for nc.it djy.

THE UNION LEFT, NOV. 24.

At. midnight of Nov,-23, alter Orchard Knob had leon taken, a ].'ont:»o»i bridge was begun across tho 'J\ nntssee, S"\ en miles above Chattanooga, liens on the north side of that river, was Sherman with tue army of the Tennessee,waiting to cross and attack Brairg & :s:ht on Missionar}* Ritige.

Tho route on the sou '.i Kido of the river was cleared ho as to keep communication it Sherman, in the way descrilM.-d by G«u. Howard: "G an t. lim tetl Thomas, and Thomas directed mo, and I directed Stoinwohr to send Bushbick with his brigade." Another brigade, some artillery and cavalry accompanied, and thc*e, with Gen. Howard himself, moved up the south bank of tho river to Snerman's bridge.

Sherman pressed

over tho obstacles nature and man had placed iu his way, until ho gained two hills. Next before him was Tunnel Hid, hoaviiy fortified, aud there tho right of Bragg's main nriyy. began. There Sherman paused.

It was now the nipht of Nov. L't From the top of Lontcout. below Chatt i^i II ker's camp.hres wore seen on the Union re-'ht. In the cent* a til ittan »u0i. Grant'and Thomas were. Above, them, 111 left, Sherman camptircs shone ho ^iaivnoss on tue .norvh summst oi Missionary Ridge. A httle soutli ot him, on the same ritige, Bragg's army was eucam]M.'d, and so ail wailed ior the dawn of Nov. ^.V,

MISSIONARY RIDGE, NOV. 25.

Before Sherman's pontoon bridge was finished in the ilark morning hours of Nov. 1M, a part of his troops had been sent across to tho south side of the river iu boats to prevent an attack. They wore tho command.-1 Gens. Giles A., Morgan k. and John 12. Smith. Morgan L.'s and John E. Smith's fonvs wero used in ihe first attack Sherman

Gen. Frank P. Blair was commander t»f the Fifteenth corps, which consisted of throe divn» ion s, do

rj\r{

(\nfederat*v-i

snvn.as,it

was discovered

Bra'.r'. 's right, on Millenary Ridge, v.n.', commanded by Gen. Ve. J. Hardeo\ Tho Conks.! or isit»n. oar os S i' inn as' tka«, ot Gen. Pat debt -,e, .Rrr had.

Jo i.e.

N'ov. Th out .Mount-ii ":. divhku. *i"

Li out Mountain if ho thouglit he could do SO. IJe asked no other ]ermission.

The hoad of

r£ Geary's colu drove in the Confederate pickets. lie denty facing northward is in on lx* an moving along the

ckn. JosKrn iiooKcu.

mountain side. At another ford in thecreekt *on tho Chattanooga road, Grose's brigade meanwhile engaged tho Confederates' attention. It wns at tho Chattanooga road ford that Hooker's crossing hod boon expected, and not at tho Wunhatehie ford.

While Geary's and Cruft*» divisions were thus occupying attention at tho two fords, Osterhttux' division was building a bridgo half a milo above the Chattanooga road ford. It was fluishtHl and tho division crossed.

cm~:

ciin.t-rrr.ed all 1

by,tie j'ii^.,ot? h:id Cen «,u Ir*«ik:. and S:- .. ^oiiV

flt»d

for^* oi»

2Ajtv-

Eariv on tuo morning of ihetTith Ornntorderod ilooker to como down I^Kkout Mountain and le.areh eastward through tho gap Missionary Rtd^o to Rossvillo and (K.vupy tho pas-. R-ttvsvillo was at tho gap. Here Hooker was to attack Bragg's left and rear.

SHERMAN'S ATTACK.

At sunrise Sherman attacked Tunnel Hill with his threo columns. His right moved around it ou tho west, his left on tho east, while Brig. (ion. John M. Corso in the center marched dircct)/ up tho hill in front. He gained a jKisition within 300 foot of Bragg's works and made an assault. It was uusuocwsful. A wH'ond one wm equally so.

-!. i.'r Oe di VI jon d.lstui-

guised its:eU gallantly hero, and n-fHilledthe attacks of -Sherman's throo columns, though (Jon. M. Smith gained a point ou tho left "near the railroad tuuneh •\fier three hour1*' fighting Gen. Corse foil, severe Iv wounded. He was carried (»(T the field.

At o'clock p. m. fighting, as nmong Shermans. roo ps. Grant, from Orchard Knob, wituessedall operations. During the forenoon he sent Howard's lv, divisions to re-enforce Sherman. Tins attack. on tho Confederate right was(.4rani's favorite idea. Shormah now ha-l with him more than half of all the Union soldiers ui»out Chattanooga.

gi COllSK

"FIGHTING JOE HOOKER."

Hooker meanwhile had obeyed orders and taken the mountain pass at Ros*villo, though he was delaved three hours bv rebuilding a burnt bndreovcr (.hattanooga creek. Osterhaus fbvision was in the advance' and cap-, turtfd Bwivdie. overcoming stout resistance. l}.-n Iioor.er carnoi out the second part of his mstiasct ions, to operate against Bragg"* left and n.v.r. His incn. the'lay l)efore had carrad LonKout- Mountain and fought the battle aoove tho clouds. N\w th»y began the a«cent of the south end of Missionary Rid.,» 1 S lerman wjus at tl.e north end.: The distance lx»tw een t'nem was six nnIo_«. nn advanced in tare 7^.

URIG. GL.\, CUAS. ClU.iT.

olunms,

toast,

wo?t- and iu

front of Missionary id the Same li sposition as thnt"maao by Sherman on *1)10 north end '-.' Hooker's tiiroe col-. unms wero under\ Osterhaus, Cruft and Geary. They captured the rid^o bore. Tho Confedcrat^ belonged to" A. P. Stewart's di-: vi'.ion. They wero driven from theii* first, lino of works.:/ It was tho sanio

•S

tliathad In-en bniit by tho Union army tha dnv of the battlo of Chiekniuatiga. Tho soutiiern soldiers ficd to their second line. Gen. Cnift charged that gallantly,and then the Confederates broke and fied in all directions. Many of them wore eaptured. Hooker had won the south end of the ridge Then it was sum-ot, and ho went- intocamo.

THE PRIVATE SOLDIERS FINISH »THE:: BATTLE.

During tho afternoon Thomas, directed by Graut, ortiere«l the. four divisions still re--nutining nt Ciiattanooga to move our. They wero those uf Raird, Wjod, Sheridan and Johnson. The men had'mostly been lying in tho trenches at Chattauooga"'ever sine tho battlo of Chickamauga, and they were wild to engage in tho light.

Between Chattanooga and the top of Mis-, sionary Ridge there were four lines of Con--federate fort ideations. The first was that captured by Granger's corps r.t Orchanl Knob tho second was near tho foot of the ridge, tho third about half way up tho hillside, while the fourth was at the top, a vorv heavy breastwork, pro- „r. tocUsl by caniion. Tho whole mountain side lm,l U-,,,

(JEV 0

SOhk' jot and mi "Vv J'il

wards lirapri d1 "«g.th^ TtU giv-ut I'onieoentto. Clutuanuo^a ou mm t.rawni -together jjfon cno.^ .u-hr.vii ot tho

night 1 army that to. mdfs n.i,» i-. mountain too. could bo seen Coufttdto^ito

"HT,HHA,:^

rendered Impassable as far as could bo with rocks and trees. The four divisions wero ordeiv-d to go forward and euro* tho lino of ritle pits at the foot" of the hill and then wait for orders. The signal for the forward movement was to be sir guns fired from Orchard Knob. Not. tdl o:!0 o'clock was the signal given, und the waiting troops could hardly control their nnn:.t ou«'e.

At mwi-vloo sound of the cannon came, boom, boom.: went thousund men dashed forward iikivl^rds set free. They moved on nud teak tho.niie pits nt the footonf. tho hill, 'lueic tinv wv st »j for orders. But tnev. were under a tremendous tiro there, a'idib (i in it sttp Tiieyhad.no intention oi stopping. It undoubtful if any human owei comd ha^o made them p.anse. A thousand voices 'Tied. Lot's go on," all nt once. On-thev- went, up, up the mountain side, reinmont niter rcironent, dicer fid lowing ch»H?r. lib thev had emubed *ver Itra^g's last heaviest breasiwork on the top of Missionary L'dye ano eapvured it. It was tho most glorious signt in American hi.-!ory. They seumed to ba im|el]ed by some power greater than themselves, greater than any of their commanding generals watching them from Orchard Knob. "Thomas, who ordered those men up the ridgefM said-Grant wrathfully. "1 d«»n't know. I did not," replied Thomas. "Nor I.' ''Nor k"'"N-r I,"said the rest of the generals. "N ell, somebody will suirerif it does not turn out right," WOK ail Grant-suul.

Wood and Shernlan wero on the field. Messengers were sent at. ou«v to them asking if they had given tno order. No, thev had not.

MvAgau L. Smith. John K. Smith aud Gen. Hugh Ewing.

didn'fc.ordor them no, but wo aro going to take tho rid^e,'' said Sheridan. Tho men had taken their regimental colors and charged up tho mountain under a most terrific lire.. Sixty fiugs were, counted moving up the hill sude. ft was ent mrauist center of -the two anu.ie.i-'.

i,:z hurried ah tho re-entorco-

mcnUs he. I 1(1. find moot the coming storm TJ a irmnvd on the double fjuick. -non ,f.xjut-ei u{*n tlk» upturned nno»i tUd no be- trujiied upon ev,s

Shot IttCeS. the' .. the 1 1» one Shen IK"

b-. ijc

ihsv

•xi. ,i.i

eonld o, Bre^. to rai eoized

il'fik

then*

•Mi Ctinitonoogadou-'dines t»f •3|« marching stoaaiJy aiong

'i\

Mn«.-ionaj-v Rid With Sherman, exchange for Osterhaus' division, was Jtif ('. Davis' division of Thomas' e.rmv: it was loft to gu:u*d tho bridgo when Sherman advanced.

t'u.sos ot

no.j'ojied li '.-irMnev7i i-tfk-v -differ -•.^places at v.1 .r* HohllCl'S: broite ... eK the j-ill. 'div isio v,-.*i!? the .A** i'»

::.d Sh'-ndiin i'W.oWkvi their mountain. Authoj^p. Woort is en.: Ho was laughing, crying -khet* hi'-ath.-v r:«iSf ru ve dl:• am frVl rders.|i

ccnit t. martialcu,: was a 11 hov:

:t :mennwhilo rving..: desperately hrokcni troops, butta. j:.a'uic hud .-o they were th eh»' down tho

mountain hke.wiid animals. "Here is your communders^cned Bragg, dashum into their midst. They tuinod on mm 'derisively and insultingly, and replied in tho words of an army song, "Hero's your mule."

The divisions «.f Sheridan and Wood, that had first gamed the ridge, lostpercent, of their men. A strange fact is that the ascending roiiiment.s each instinctively formal into a triangle or wedge shape, like a flock of wild geese. 'Ilie regimental fing was ihe aiiex.

The battlo of Chattanooga was won iu a way not accordance with Grant's plan for turning Bragg's right, mid tho victory ut the finish was won without any plan at alL

Grant had GTi.ttti) men about Chnfanooga, Bragg 40.000. J'he first fighting of tins campaign was at Brown's Kerry, Oct. U7, and wnuhatchie, Oct. iiS. Tho fighting that ended the campaign began witli Orchard Knob, Nov. 23, and extended over the ^-tth, 25th and *0th. Grant lost, killer], wounded aud znissmg. .",010. Brafig lost ti.fiM.