Crawfordsville Weekly Journal, Crawfordsville, Montgomery County, 29 September 1888 — Page 7

Expounded and Defended, at the Georgia Chautauqua,

BY WILLIAM M'KINLEY, JR., OF OHIO.

A Verlmthn llcport of tl»« is«t»t Tar IIV Spwrh of the (ampul :u— Parts Tlu*| Can Not Ilu I• 11tiiid Thai Ap-

Protectionist Speerh Worthy of Clay or Alexander H. Stephen*.

FEt.LowCiTi7.KNs: I make my acknowledgment* to the lMediiiotit society for the courtesy and cordiality of it.s invitation, whi :h has given »e the opportunity to meet for the first time an assemblage of the citizens of Georgia.

I have come upou the suggestion of tho committoo to address you ujx»na |»u!»lic qtiedion of great national import, which concerns not only liie prosjierlty of one section, hut of all sections of our common country, and which is of commanding interest to our GO,000,000 of people, it is no new auhject I projioso to consider. It is as old as governments by men. Taxation, with few ex ceptions, has been the chief and absorbing :*sm for more than a century of the republic.

AMKUICAN MAXIMS or TAXATION.

The government was scarcely launched before ita discussion commanded the Iwst thought of the

prosperity, is the scope of the theme which I pro

argu icnt or ampldication. 'I'hey are admi ted fact*. Aino-.g thern are that the Unite.I States must have suNiclent uiotn*3'to me it.s current ex|K?ne-» and maturing obligations that the United Slates as a political society is without assets, without miiev, and Inus no tii mti", ex«-e,.t what it s«s:ures by taxes collected from i's jM oj.le. It- must c()!!eet. its money, wtmtever may be its actual re!p:irements. cither by direct tuxe.s or by duties upon imports, 't here nr-» few people to bo found in the (tountrv who sciioiisl.- favor ihe system of direct taxation for governmental e\-jMitise-s that i. tn.xing tht» jeop!e, their property, real ami perso/m* t'neir professions ami etr.pU«v nients. The American sentinieid. i- practical)*' unanimous in favor of raising at least a

It retpiire.s neai'ly every yi.-ar meet th"* ncce^viry waiit. »f the public service, and there general assent to th- propovi'ion that the liulU of this vast sum shall i-oiai cd from customs sources. Uptothis point there is sulisUintial coticiivrenee. and here individual and party sentiment divide, and I believe honestly

Free traders, so called, or, to be more exact.. the advocates of a revenue tariff, elieving with the other school of (mliticni economists in import .lutit*, insist that duties shall )e lcvied«upou that

coffee.

Neither «f these eat stiiple at*

tii-le.s is produced in the Umted States. The de mands of «iur people lor tie' product-sand ihey i:\tend to every lume* and llreside in the land.are supplied from abroad. Now, any tax thereon, however slight and insignificant, would pr-nluce a very considerable revenue to the government and tnis illustrates what is commonly laideistood a* a revenue tariff.

Great Britain will not ne without interest. It will

IWJ

dress, "in one nation to look for dtslutorostod favors from another but It roust pay, with a jxr* tion of i'.s iuil* ^mndence, for whatever it muy ao* cept that, character. There can bo no greater error than ex|»eot. or calculate uion reul favors from nation to nurioti. It is an illusion which expvrieneo must cure, anil which a hist pride on^hf to discard." We are not, Mr. Pr-sid-nt, insensible to the good opinion of ruatiki il and of the Kiiglish-sjieakiug race. but when it is to In had t-nly «t the expeiiM) of our iiulii-lri.il independence, nt the sacritlce of tin* dignity und of lulior

and th- est met ion of national piosp««ritv, we mu^t regard It wiih extreme suspicion nnd torn from it a« I ne eulogy of -elfish interest and tho commendation of interested Rived. I 'I'Hi: AMKUIOAN KVSTHM AMI HOW IT WoltKS.

IH..U I.. All an.ll.l M.-n-ll,., So.itI. o,,t« I..-,. tvl.utli.-rni- tl« H-M II... rnvtory, or the mine, e.veept luxuries only, wInch we can

llfliiry not product! in the United Suite* to enter our ports free and unburdened by custom house exaclions. The duly is to imposed upon the foreign competing product—that is, the product which, if brought into this country, would contend with the products of our own' soil, our own tabor, and our own factories, in our markets. Under this system If the foreign producer would enter our market with com|etitig product he Must contribute something for the privilege which he is to enjoy, ni this something, in ihe form of duties, goen Into the treasury, furnishing revenue to the government and thpse duties o|erate to protect the Joint product of lalior and cnplt&l

against a foreign product. Tim mode of levying dutie* answers a double purpose. It prmluecs revenue to the government, and at the same time fosters and encourages the oc upatioos of our own |K*oplc, promotes industrial development, opeic. up new mini*, build* new factories, and sustains those already

statesiuen ..f the time, and in varying degrees it I published, whhrh in turn furnish employment to iatHjr at f»»ir and reinnnerat ive wnges. A revenue tariff accomplishes but a singlt.* pur|«se- that of raising revenue: it has no other mission while a protective tariff accomplishes this and more—It brings revenue to the American treasury aud discriminate in favor of the American cili/en. A revenue tariff invites the product of loreijj

has been prominently lxfor the pubiic ev«r since The different theories of taxation huvean interest now which they have never possessed before. Public thought is awakened and the citizen is investigating for himselt. Frank discussion aud thoughtful consideration of the two conflicting theories are therefore demanded In the present state of the public mind, as well as the condition labor uud londgn cap tal »o occupy our markets of our national treasury. How an* tuxes to be M-«e and unnvstraini'd in competition with the raised to support, the government, and bv what. I

IWmIuci

method can they be levied and collected as to tive tariff tnvite* the product of foreign l:tl*r bear inostlighiiy upon the |K-.pV, and at. the I and foreign capital, which are necessary the same time promote rather than lej.ird national

pose to discuss ln*fore you to-dav. go untaxed to the j»eople, but. insists that every There are s«me things upon which all arc in ae- ..'"reigu product Inch i.s produced at home, or cord, ami wh-ch are so manifi'st as to require no

If, howt'ver, he duty is levied upon the foreign nianutaetim»r, or divided between him and th competing product, it is made so low. having revenue only in view, that the effect is to destroy home cotnieJ it ion and increase he revenue there from by increasing importations.

The lion. .1. lianolph Tucker, of Virginia, an eminent lawyer and c\|»eriencod statesman, in a «|H»eeh delivered in the house of representatives. May IS. IST^. defined a revenue duty as follows: "Therefore, as no higher duty ought to 1k» laid than is needed to rai-e the requisite revenue on

-»f our own labor and capital. A protec-

w'ant*

ot our people (whi(b we CIU.UOL prtnluce

,n ,0

L-nite.1 Stales) to oirupv our markets aud

snecessfuly, in ipiaritities capable ot sup-

1 1 1

IMIUC

share of the revenue for the gov«.ru:i.ent by levying duti upon toreigo iinport.itioti.n. TUB KIIKK TUADK SYSTFiM MKANS TIIK I.AItUKSr Ki-.V-

IVNCE

ruoM Tin: SMALLEST PVTV.

plying 'be domestic consumption, shall, whenever nec«-ss irv to maintain uitable rewar :s to our labor, '.ir a duty which shall not be so high us to proitibit importation"., but at such a rate as will pr duc:« the neces^uy revenues and at the same time not destroy but ejiconrnge mericun pioductitiu. It says to the wot Id product r: "If

you want to share with the oil /..-n. of Lhe L'tut-d Suites their home market you must, ay for the privilege of doing it. Your product shall i:»»t enter In free atid unretran»e»I conipetiiion with the pr-.tl.let of our own people. Mil Miali be dcI hcriminate-l against to sueh an e.vti M! as to fully protect .U:d defend our own."

OKolUitA's 'OUi:.VT oSrMONKK," ALKKANDKU II. HTi:»Mir.NS, crt'KP AS A IMt"'!'K"l IllMS!'. The Ilu AJexai-de Stephen*, a di^ti iniished citizen of your sj-t,- aiiii endeared to the pefipje of the M.utb, stated on June OJ.

INS*,',

Iheliouseof representatives, the. theory so well that I lieg to quote him: I "The IM'st v.ay to r.\i«e revenue isbylutie« upon im|MM't-. They bar Jess heavily* on the taxpayers, and, as legislator-, thai is'what we should look to In 1-vying dutie o.i imports you can at the same time make lor- u:u producers pay for the use of your markets, aud that way, incid'-ntally .nd properly, g»\e aid and protection to American indu-t ry. It is no: true as a general projH»ition that the consumer p*ys all the duty imp»ed unon comuaHliiies brought from other count i»«s. This is a qoestion that I cannot now argue, in most instances, where tlur luti»-s are judiciously laid, they ne borne partly

divide, and to these line* of division, and tii'c principle* ujh»n which tliev resp-i lively nvst, I in vito your respec.t ul consideration.

class of foreign products which are not produced ^V" the consumer and partly by the importer, in the United Stat«*s, the principle Uung tliat rev- 1 »o'MVV congress thus to^ rai-ie revenue by nue is the ile .md only object of su taxation. ativl that a duty levied upon such foreign produei a* have little or no home coni|»et it ion will seenre the largest revenue with the smallest rate of duty. And this is altogether true, for uheuev. rvou can find a lorcign arii -le which the pcopli- of ttiis country r»*quire and which of nee«*s.sity they must im|H)rt.. any dc'v, however iow.iudet-d the very minimum, will produce revenue for in.i*mu.:ti as there is m.« home produced ,.rti«*!e t»» contend for any patt of the home market. impe-t.iiious will go on uiiclnvked. and the leve.mje derived therefroiu will he limited only ny the.evtcut of the importations intlueiu!»»d bv tfie ssities of our people and their c-.jMicity to buy. An illustratioii lamiiiar to allot yon are tie- pn.xiucts of tea and

duties ui*m imports wa.s one -f the main objr in establishing the federal cu^ri'iitiou |. s7 This system of internal rev. nue taxation by ex1 cise and stamp duties WJUS not ftvored by the fathers of tbe icpublie in tinns of peace. I j]n'ivk plainly,s,i that, it w.-u io«ked ujon tlien as noi on «.f Ihitish origin, but there was I a'ways the odium hritish Toryism attache to it in the American tuind. There wa 'lever any Uvlslafieii .in.:c abtiot i-eit ?,i peopie «if th.i. country, even in'their colonial condition, than what, was I,MO»VU IT.-* the infamous .stamp I act." o.v WIJOM Tin: nrDKSS OV JMPOKT pri J^S I AI.I.,

If aheged as sera.ejj. oi.j» ct 'ti to in'otecf.ive duties that the lax, whatever it may tie. increases the cost of th» foreign JIS well as the domestic products to the extent of such tax or duty, and that it is wholly paid by the consumer. This ob jectiun would l»e worthy of serious consideration if it were true, hut ax has been d--n»ou«.trated over and over again, it is without, foundation in fact. Wherever the foreign product has successful comp«*: il ion at home the duty is rarely paid by the consumer. 1: is paid from the protit* of the

merchant, or the importer, aud diminisnes their profits to that, extent.. I»uty or no duty, without home competition the consumer wonld'fare wor^c than he fares now. Th-re is not in the long line of staple products consumed by the |»eople a single out: which has net been cheapened by competition at home, mad" possible by protective

duties. There is not. an article that enters into I the every day uses of fhe family which is produced in the I uited States that has not been

any particular article, it follows that the true made cheaper and more accessible as the resultrevenue duty is the lowest, duty which will bring °f home production and development., which was the required revenue." to he secured only by the «-tmdy maintenance of

Tins definition is fair and frank one. and lac* the protective system. While *his is true of proccpt it. A rrwiiur tariff i-, therefore, such a t*srtive uiriffs. exaetiv the op|nsi is true of one as will produce the largest revenue from the revenue tnriffs. Thev are always paid by tlie con

lowest, duty. The lowe-t rate of duty will encourage impost-it ions, diminish home production, mid inevitably inerea.se the revenue it. will of necessity check competition at home and semi our merchants aM'oad to buy it affords no protection. not even incidental, i'«»r the wrv instant you discover that sm It duty fav rs the home producer. that instant you iliseover 5 hat import.it.ion« ami r. venue are cheeked, aud that our own

producers a:e able to control the home market, cost to the American public would K» the cost or apart oi it. Then at once t|,« advocate of abroad, ami I he duty added. We impound last a revenue tariff reduces the duty, bring, it down year pounds of codec. A duty "f lucent* to the true revenue standard for it must not be a pound would have produced to the government overl oked. aecotdii'g to thai fre trade maxim, "where piviection begins revenue ends." ami the question of revenue i.s always controlling. A revenue turifT is inconsistent with protection it is intended for a wholly different purpose, it loss's its force ami character as a genuine revenue tariff when it becomes to any extent protective. It has but one object, it can have but one effect. —tlmt of opening our markets to the fote*n producer—itnnoverisning the home producer asd enriching his foreign rival.

England is more nearly a free trade country thau any other, and her system of taxntiou furnishes un unmistakable example of the practice aud principle of a revenue tariff. Her import duties are imposed almost exclu-ivcly upon articles which cannot he produced bv her own people upon her own soil. Tobacco, snuff, cigars, chicory, cocoa, tigs, raisins, rum. brandy, wine. tea ami coffee these are. the article* from which her customs revenue is derived -articles, in tho main, not iroduc iu England, but which must be supplied from abroad: while practically all competing product* of foreign make and production are admitted through her custt.nn houses froe of duty.

now Tin TAIUKF Kofi iiuvKNfE wotiKS ix GRRAT tion was produced at home. If you take any IIKITAIN. American production which larne enough to A brief statement of the dutiable iui|mrt.s of supply the domestic demand, the effect is differ-

observed that tier duties are more

largely imposed upon peculiarly American products than upon any others. The duty upon tobacco Is, according to moisture, from sf to jfcj cento per pounds for the raw or unmanufactured article, ami if manufactured it p»vs a duty of from 81.e* to $l.ltl per pound, 'fhe manufactured article is made dutiable at d) cents a pound greater than the raw product, which, with all of England's boasted free trade, is intended a* a protection to those engaged in the manipulation of tobacco. It is almost prohibitive to Americans who would export manufactured tobacco. The ad valorem equivalent of the duty on tobacco is nearly tf.OiMjHT cent. per pound, and from tob tcco and snnff'over $43, OUO.UiKl »f duties are collected annually. The dut

-cut. Cigars pay a duty of I..'ig to rests of our own people. Th rotn tob icco and snnff'over S4tt.» considerate of everybody el

umir.ui .......... It.. 1- .. ........ .... t.... ... .... .K ..I.I ..

source is over Sltf.tKMOOO annually. C"ffce pays a duty of cents a ]ound, but if ground, prepared, or in any way manufactured, it must pav A duty of -1 cents a p«»uml- another example of where lUnglaml protects those engaged in manufacture. Cocoa pays a duty of cents a pound, but if it is in any form subjected to manufacture its pays I cent-, a jujund, the duty on the manufactured article lieingdouhlc that on the raw material.

Besides the articles I have named there are about ninety or a hundred others, chiefly of American production, pateuted and other medicines, which are dutiable at $:{.:«» per gallon. More than

${KUJ0,U00t

or nearly one fourth of

British revenues, are raised from customs duties. You will note tho character of taxation to which the revenue reformer invites the |eople of the Uuited States. Both tho breakfast table and tho sick room are made to bear a large part of tho burden under the British system of taxation. It is uot without, significance that the nearer wo approach this system the more generous the le« etowal of British commendation. Every step we take iu that, direction, evqry enlargement of tho froe trade list of cotn|oting foreign products, every ro lucf ion if duty uj»on such products, is liailtMl a* a vindication of Colsleti ami a beneficence to British interests. It is in vain for tho British statesmen to assure lis that their system Is best for us. are uot accustomed to look to our commercial rivals for disinterested favors. •'It is folly," said Washington In his farewell ad-

market*. Wo can mike hhn sorve us In no other way. In the case of a revenue'aritT, as I have pointed out, his product uever bears the burden. Whatever we put U|MJU it is borne by our own )eoplu. and in no wi?.e shared by him. This pr'nciple of caring for our own is founded u|on the highest authority.human and divine. It commences with the family, extends up through the community to the state, and at last pt the nation. There is no city in the country in any section that does not invoke this principle in the admiiiiMrnlion of municipal government for the protection and encouragement of its own citizens.

The other theory »f taxation, and one which I lielicve to be I'NS-ntirU t« American development and national pr«eperitv. is l. vv.»d upon an exactly I opposite principle. It |erimlsnl1 an ides of for-

The itinerant vender is taxed in every city of the land, if he woidd expose his wares ujtoti the street.s of Atlanta at public auction I dontit not the city gove nment eomjiels him to pay a Ui* for the privilege of doing it, and tnnt tax is added to the ordinary revenues of th- citv to asrdst in meeting it.-* obligations, .Now, why *is this done? Upon exactly the same principle that we Uix the foreign eomjieting product under system of protection. It is done to protect and defend the resident merchant* of your city, who are with you always, within vonr jurisdiction, eaibieet your law*, ress of your tify it, ]ay schools and make public Improvement*, 'f he itinerant vender has no such relation to your community. He is no part of your political organism He comes and goes he is not a taxpayer: ho shares In none or the burdens of your people lie is a free trader, who looks upon your market as much his and as open to him as to your own

suiner. A duty put tit*n a foreign product the like of ii.ch is not produced at- home, and which enter*, our markets live from home comi»ctili»n, the o.f to the American consumer is exactly the foreign cost with the duty added, whatever that may he. much or little. Supposing, for example, there WJIS a lax upon tea and coifce. Then.1 Iieing no production these articles in Hie United States, and therefore no competition here, the

over S1 *-*,»• s0, which would have been paid by the ie.0Ni.0H families of this couutry. consumers of this article. Eighty -seven milii live hundred and eighty-four thousand |*mnds of tea were im* 1 ntried last year. A 10 cents a pound $s,tXH).0K and upwards would have gone into the treasury, every dollar of which would have been paid By our own peoole. Take sugar, its another example. We product

HI last year iu this country alsmt 8 jor

cent, of what our j»eople consumed. The duty collected from Imported sugar amounted io$M,o»H0iX. ft"' domestic pr fleet ion was so inconsiderable as compared with the domestic eon* sumption a* to have hail little, if any, appreciable effect upon the price to the consumer, and therefore this sum was Imost wholly paid hv our own citizens, atul the cost of sugar, to the American consumer, because of the inadequate home supply, is practically the foreign pruv, duty added. the domestic production lieing so small contrasted wiih the domestic demand that il in no wise controlled or influenced the price. I The price to us is tixed by the !»\f per cent, which comes from abroad, plus ihe amount of tho tluly colic.-led tit the custom house. It would hn\c teeh otherwise if the hulk of our eonsump*

nt. Then the foreign production must undersell the home production in order to get a toot bold iu ibis market, and therefore the foreign prtnlucer is willing in surrender the whole duty, or a considerable part- of it, consenting to U*ss profits for the sake of extending his market, with the hnpo of ultimately destroying home competition. The real question, therefore, is whether iu raising money to supply the government, ucvds we should have thought Tut concern of the industrial interests of the people we represent, or, discarding every other consideration, shall adjust our duties UJKUI the revenue principle to secure revenue,ami revenue only. The money must be raised, and iu raising it the protectionist is mindful of the intariff reformer is interest but our own. 1 can not understand why any patriotic

on tea is PJ cents a pound. How would flu* Amer- I citi/.en should prefer a revenue tariff lo a protec lean enjoy paying such a duty upon this article of tive tariff. I can not understand why so long a* every day use? The duty* collected from this taxation must be resorted to umd that will in: the

case so long as governments exist) it should not lie raised UIKUI the foreign article which competes with the domestic article, ami thus discriminate in favor of our own against the foreign, rather than to admit to equality iu our markers untaxed, ami upon equal terms with our own producers, the products of our foreign rivals. TUK ritiNcii'ta: OK SKI.F-I'UOTKCTION AIM»I,JKI» AND

II.M'STllATi:i».

The protective system but invokes the highest law of nature, that of self-preservation. There is every reason, founded ou justice, why the American producer should in every constitutional way le favored against the foreign producer whose products compete with his. This is our natural market. We have made it. We have made it after a century of struggle. We havo made it at the cost or capital ami brain aud muscle. We have preserved it against foreign wars ami domestic coullicts, at great sacrifice of men ami 1110:103*. The foreign producer has contributed nothing to the country. Whatever influence he luis exerted hns been against us nnd to our detriment. He has nothing iu common with us. He is without the jurisdiction of our laws. Jle cannot be reached by the taxgatherer. Ho is exempt from all civil obligations iu every part of the republic. We can make 110 n-qnisilion upon him, either in jieace or in war. Our mode of reaching him is through tho product he would 6end to our markets. Wo cau demand of him that his merchandise shall make contrihi.tiou to our tieasury if he would eujoy the use of oi*

ou always, within vonr jurisdiction, bithject to !,rom

our laws, contritmUug Ut the wealth and prog-

trn.l-M...ml". Your city iruv.-riununt um-s l.iin

A more positive declaration in favor of the protective system it would le diHlcult to find lan-

guuge to expres-. This was the first, important legislative declaration under the federal constitution. The only other law that preceded it was that of fixing the oath of office of certain federal officials. It was made even betoiv Washington was inaugurated. It subsequently received his sanction, ami it is a fact not without significance that his approval was given to it on a day memorable in American history, duly -J. IVH'.i. It had the approval of .lames Madison, Knfus King, Koger Shennan, Trim.hull, l,ee, and a host of other leading men from all pans of ihe Union. I TltK TKAOUINOS OF oCIt UtMoltV.

Additional tariff legislation was had in JtfO. Some duties were increased. The journal of the house of representatives discloses th.» fact fhat of the :i votes given in favor of the bill. •,»! were from the southern states, from the middle states, and ,*» front the New England states. Of the Mi votes against, it.'.i were trom the New ICugland states, from liie sonihen: Mates, and I from tfie middle states. It ujll ipus be seen that, we are Wirgejy indebted to the south for the inauguratioji and establishment of the protective system in the United fctaies, which hits for the most part governed our legislation since the formation of the government lor nearly 'id years of our i-ati'-nal life this principle in its fullness ha been recognized in nr lav.s, and whenever ieeogni':cd ii. has been accompanied by commercial and industrial development stimulating new enterprises, aud securing prosperity to the masses without uals.

The revenue tariff \eriods of our history have

IK'CU

periods of great financial revui-io'is and in dustrial iha-adence. want and poverty among the jH-ople, private enterprise* chccktal", i«d public works retarded. From Pviii to |S|- under the low UiritT legislation then prevailing tiusiness was at a stand still, and our merc hants and trader were bankrupted, our industries were paralyze 1, our labor remained idle, and our cubital was unemployed. Foreign products crowded our mar kets. destroyed domestic coiii]etifiou, and, as invariably follows, the prices of commodities to consumers were appreciably raised. It is an instructive tue that every panic this country has ex|H»ricueed lias been preceded by enormous importations. From IS-l't to pad a similar situ itton was presented under the low tariff of th.it periinl.

Contrast this period with the rioj from lvC'.l to

INN),

the former under revenue tatitT. the latter under a protective tariff! In PW we had P'jj.OiM.Oh* avMes of improved laml. whdeinJ.sv) we had 2.sr.-.'M,0i», an increase of T.', per cent. In J1*" our farms were valued at $.VJi»,i In ISsi the value had haped to $!0,i:r,0 iil.UOy. an increase of over cent. In ls''M we rais«-.l loi.u-^.iiu bushels of wheat in isso J'.tS.oi'o.P In l^»u we rai-ed rcts.iv* •.» bushels of corn: in 1S«VM.T IT.U i,TD busin Is. In ISii we produced bales of cotton in lisNt 7,(Kia,(Vio bales, un increase of te per cent. In 1n» we manufactured cotton goods to the value of l.V)M.771 in 1SS0 the vahie reachei $*J11,UH).')(*), an increase of upwards of .*0 per cent. In ISM we mauufactur**d wiM'Jen g«MMls $01,iNn.),tAM in L^n.» S^(i7.(MXl.t*).!, an increase of i'V5 per cent. In 1800 we piiKluce(HU.(HM,0t.»' i^unds of wool in ISN) J4U.pound-, an increase of neariv per cent. In JSii we mined l.\o M.»x tons of coal: iu ins) '5»,uo i.fkm iHIS, an incren.s» of over per cent.

mltted to hock or retard It. To her nature has been mo*i prodigal with her gifts. II- hills and valleys have been made the storehouses of richest treasure. Coal and iron mii.es wait impatiently tlw: touch of labor and capital and tempt both with promise of lavish profit llaw materials are found at every turn to invite the skilled artisan to transform them into the finished product for the highest uses of man. She ioss"Hses the fh.res in rich abundance her skilled labor should w» uvethe fahcic.

It is said thai there is nothing grown in any of thft states, except Florida, that Georgia can not profitably iiroijui-r. she ha» cml, irou de|osits, marble am! building stone, cotton and the cereals. Nothing but her own folly, nothing but blindness to her highest uud l»est. interests, can keep her from the front rank of the industrial states of the Union.

MOKE TKACHIMJ* OK HISTOIIY.

Whether we discuss this oucstion trom principle, from statistics or exjierienee. we must reach the same conclusion all lean to the sune conviction. Iet me give you some important «?vid«?nce from hiL'h and undoubted sources, which cou-

1 uu

uss of your city, paying tax .u aUorn and U-au- resident 1 tllmore said on lH»c. 1 -S'i 1. in his ify it, lmying taxes to sup|h)rt your public Ui congress, speaking of the condition vf

.....i... ....uii,. i...... .... ....

todiiiiiulsti the burdens torne by yourowu citizen* ,,

This is protec: ion. simple and pure, and is the

am"un,1!|"K

In Ittio we made '.is~,( tons of pig iron': In KSJ re is on in I a id in .'I.S'JTJ.IHKI tons. In we manufnet ure| !*),(MM 'juried material manufactured lor foreign miirtons of railroad ir ai. and in

I8N) f.g IVK» t»ns.

This vast sum was drawn from the United States,

ductive enterprises and thus supplied our wants for which we were compelled t4» go abroad. I»ur!ing the lat thirteen years, uader a protective tariff, there was but. one year that trie balance of trade was against us. For twelve years we sold to our foreign customers in excess of what we I bought from them the sum of $l,id:.\tev i,,".Yi.

kefs

INk) our aggregate national wealth was Sltl.lfx),- I drawUielc is equal to the tluly j»aid, but iu no in* U»t,uou in is it was $-t:,Odd.UHi,*Mio, starce where article. ate int|KUtCil t«» inauiiFrom jsjs in |s». during the low tariff perirwl, factureil here and sent, abroad is the duty to exthere was hut a single y* at- in which we exported in excess of what we imported. The balance of trade during twelve of the thirteen years was against us. Our |n*opIe were drained of their money to pay for foreign pureha-es. %Ve sent abroad over and above our sales 101.

from its business, from the channels of trade. («eorge a.-hingtoii. and has been enlarged and which would have leeu lietter employed iu pro- made applicable to all imported materials, the

This contrast makes an interesting exhibit of tho work under the two systems. You need not

IH»

told that the government and the |n ople are im»st pr«tsi«'rous wlnw balance of trade is in their favor. The government is like the citizen. indeed it is but- an aggregate of citizens, and when the citizen buys more than he sells he i.s soon conscious that his vear*s business has not Iteen a success.

KfurilES THAT no NOT |,|K,

Our wealth increases $N7f,,ol)ii.(kvj every vear. while the increase of France is ('jreat Britain and t»ermany The total carrying capacity of all the vessels entered aim cleared from American ports during the year in the foreign trade was tons. The amount of freight transported hv the railroads of the United States was alone ly^.iKKi.ux) tons during the same perit»d.

The sum of our industries exceeds that of any other people or trile or nationality. Mulhall. the English statistician, places the industries of ihe Uuited States at

$11,4O5,OX).0OO

annually, which i.s

S'J.&KUOO.iXiO gi-eater than those of the Uuited Kingdom of Jreat liritaiu, nearly twice thai of France or (iennany, nearly three times that of Russia, and almost equal to the aggregated industries of Austria, Italy, Spain, Uelgium, Hol-

land, Australia, l-anaila, Sweden and Norway, This advancement is ihe world's wonder. I nations of th 1 did exhibition

The

•urili cannot furnish such a spleti of progress in any aire or |eriod

I We defy a r« venue tariff policy to present such mercinl rivals. The chief obstruction in the way an exhibition of material pn.s|erity and indus-

trial development. Arts, £cleiico and literature have held their own in this wonderful march. We are prosjM-rons to day beyond any other people. The mass»»s are lietter cared for, lietter provided for, more self-respecting and more independent than ever before in our history, which cauuot bo said of the masses of other countries. v.»neof the s'rdiingdifferences lietween it revemie tariff and a protective tariff is that, the former sends the money of its people abroad for foreign supplies, ami seeks out a foreign market. The latter keeps the money at home among our own people, circulating through the arteries of trade, and creates a market at home, which is always the best because the most reliable.

The south has shared in this splendid progress, in this golden ieiiod of development. HOW THK llWt•Hl.lCA.N TAR1FK IIAS lIKl.l'ni) TIIE

HOlTII.

From JK*d to 1H60 the average yearly production of pig iton throughout the United S'lales was less than H0d,o!jii tons. In JfcisiJ the slates of Alabama, Tennessee, Virginia, West Virginia, Kentucky, (Jeorgia, .Maryland. Texas ami North Carolina produced So'.lTlt net tons,or 7,*».0tX) more than the whole annual output of the United States under the free trade period.

The eight years bust past have brought to tho Rout It wonderful progr*»s. You had in 1S80 19, M."i miles of railroad: yon have now HO.oiT miles, and Ihis Is increasing. You raised in usso r*.7r»r»,:i50 bales of cotton in 18S7 you raised t5,t*XWXiO hales. In ISSM'ou raised 4-Sl,074,MO bushels of grain, ami lu ISSr you raised (Si!fi..T05,U(X) bushels. In bStfO vou had live stoet: amounting in value to It is now valued at The value oi your agricutural products in 1880 was S^i71,09S,454 in 1887 it hud reached S742.ui(l.-|(W. In ISSO you produced :i'7,801 tons of pig iron in 1S87 you produced ILIUM tons, and I am assured upon the best authority that it is upwards of 1,000,t00 now. You mined in lf-80 1,040,471 tons of coal in 1887, 16,47IJ,7KT) tons. You had in 1880 170 cotton mills you have got to-day JkK, nnd they are increasing. The number of your spindles in J8Sd was 713,989 they are to-d.av I. t'.»ri, I4.V The number of your looms in ISSi) ts 15,sttsi tliey are over :!f,000 now. The value of cotton goods in 1880, which vou produced, was $21.0*1,oOO in 1887 it was ovcr'$13.000 WO. And yet, in the presence of such progress, it is seriously proposed to reverse the policy under which it has been made.

Surely new era of Industrial development has come to the south. Nothing should bo per-

sources, which cou-

arguinent which I have »H-eu making,

i. Lite ec mtrv! the cc rntrv "The value of our export* of breojlstufTs and provisions, which It was sup|osed the Incentive I of a low tariff aud large im|Hrtati ?is from I abroafl would have greatly augmented, has fallen from SKN.T'il.ittl, in 1K47, to in IrtM), and to in ISTil, with a string probability, I

to a

exact character of that which we would apply to *nerchalldis•,, it was thought by those who foreign nations seeking our markets. Our fathers aud established it, would tend to benefit recognized this principle. It was emphasized in

U,e

the set:onil act. ever passed by the congresw of the demiuid and raising thepricsiof United States. The ringing words of that dec-

laration for industrial indepentience I wish might

certainty, of a still 'urther I

V1 f.

cu|Tt nl

11•

wni»

year. The

a low rate of duties on for-

I«'pulatiuii of this country by in-

agricultural products in foreign markets. The foregoing facts, however, s» em to show iucont^t-

Ilnil lo.lRiii.-ut ill every Amerkan lii-nrt: nWy iesi.ll l.'ts follow,-u thau.loiition "Wher»'us it is n»cessary for the sup|ort of the .this policy government, for the discharge of the debts of the nation, and for the encouragement, ami protection of manufacturers, that duties l#e levied on imported goods, wares and merchandise*."

Agaiu he said in his message of lec. t», 1K.V,1: "Without reiH-atiug the arguments contained in my former message in favor of discriminating protective duties, I deem it mv duty to call your attention to one or two other considerations affecting this subject. The llrst is the effect of large importations of foreign gtn»ds uj»on ourcurreucy. Most of the gold of California, as fast as it is coined tinds its way directly to Kurojte in payment tor goods purchased. In the second iilace. a-sour manufacturing establishments are broken down by coinp'tition with foreigners, the capital invested in them is lost, thousand* of honot ami industrious citizens are thrown out of employment, and the farmer to that extent i.s d'-prjved of home market for the side of his surplus produce. In the third place, the destruction of our manufactures leaves the foreigner without eomjs'titiou in our market, and he cons-ipiently raid's the price of the article sent her- tor sale, as is now seen in the inetva.sed cost of iron imported from Kngland."

T»I Jv I IIIIMV, l^rtT. I'resi«lt»nt Huchauan, in his annual i»!e -age tocongn^ss. said: *'Tlie ,iHi has yiel jed her fruits abundantly ami has I.i.nntifully rewarded the. toil of the husbandman." We have possessed all the elements of material wealt in ich abundance, and yet. notwithstanding ail these advantages, our country in its monetary intere.-t^ is at the pn^ent moment in a deplorable '.•ourii!io:i. In tie' midst of imsurpassed pletity in all the product ions, and in all the c|eme»it«. of natural wealth, we find our manufactures -::sjended. our public works retarded, oar privale enterprises of different kinds abandoned, and thousands of useful laborers thrown out of employment and reduced to want."

]ui nil.-I in the" .vnrl.l's "mi- .J.1''?, "ouM -oii.l.-iMn "a revenue till iff iti any court if the land. It ought

force alike verdict, from the great jury of our countryman. "TUB MAUKBT3 OF TUB Wo|tl.|»" A SS'AKtt aSD A PK*

M'SJoN.

One of the chief complaints against the protective system is its alleged hindrance to foreign trade an a foreign market for our own products. It is urg led that if we could iuijtort raw material from other countries free, and manufacture such raw material into products for use, we could export ihem at great prosit ami thus secure a standing in the markets of the world. 1 his theory is wholly, as I ludteve. illu»i *y. It in iilion: sub-itance. We have an example ot free raw mat -rial in a c« r?aiti line of mam.fAOtrrers— that oi leather for boots, suoes, e.c.. c.e In IS72 htdes and skins wete made fn-e so that our manufacturers could import them without cus om li' Usc burdens. They have had"2'tcc trade" in their raw material now for sixteen yeaiv. This

Industry has I eeti an exceptionally successful one. and set you cannot avoid Ir-ing surprised when I KI.V to you (hat in those sixteen vents we have lieeti able to e\:p -it but |t.'f cent, of the leather production oi the country.

Hut if tree raw mater:al be tiecessiiry secure an export trade and the foreign markets, then I answer tiutt .ur mauufac:urers to day have substantial free trade in foreign raw materiais which they make int. the (inislf-d product in the United States, provided they exjHirt it.

SUCTIONS

:ju»M ANpii'C.' OK -J KI-: UXITBP ST ATUS STATl.'J KS I'HoVltlK Kott TUB IO MISSION OK PI'TIRS ON ALt. FONBION MATBHSAT-S ISI.U JN MANITA«-|fHtNO FOK Tin: BxrojtT THADK. The law is jH^itiv«- that all articles manufactured for export trade from im )orlod materials,upon which duties have been )mid sliall.wheuexporteil.be entitled to a drawltack ot '.H» per cent of the duties paid on such raw material. Some iee has been made of these laws.

amounted some art teies the

ceed 10 percent. Ami yet we are gravely told by TLTR. TARIFF HEFOHMBItS THAT WB CANNOT REACH FoUEK*K MARKETS on account of the HIUII TAIMFF ON TJIE RAW MATF.IUAL. when in fact for foreign trade foreign "aw materials are practically free. This principle was iguized as early ,xs the adminisiration of

drawbacks varying from

to L(»o JKM* cent.

What becomes .then, of the crv for free raw materials in the presence of thisfac»y The truth is, we are not so much concerned ah mt the foreign market as we are about the home market. The latter is the best, ami we have not. yet

IKMUI

able to

control it. and until we do, hat should lie our clr.ef concern. But if any of our people art? sighing for a foreign market and value.if more higiily than our o-vn they can import foreign raw malerial practically free of doty, and filter advancing into the higher forms of manufacture can go out ami possess tho world's markets.

TAXKO HAW MA

TKKIALS I0 NOT NOW STAND IN III Kilt WAY, ANl) IT tS HVl'OCRfSV To CI.Al.M oTHKUWISfC. •The markets of the world*' in our present con* ditiou ar«* a snare and a tlcluslon. We will reach them whenever we can undersell competing nations. and not sooner. Our tariffs do not keep us cut and free trade will not. make it easier to enter them. Let mo give you a brief exhibit of some of our foreign trade, what we buy ami what we sell. Iu the year ending June .'JO, lhS7, we bought of Mexico, the Central American States, British Honduras and the u'overumeut.s of the West Indies aud South America, products to the value of $17%'.-WW.'!), and we sold these governments of our products abodt jtcr cent, in amount of what we Itought of them, or al«»nt St»0.iH*),00U and as showing that our protective tariff did not produce this uncomfortable balance against us. 1 need only state that more than one half of the products we Iwuight were not subject to any tariff at all, but were admitted free of duty.

TltK TAKIKF KOJl HKVKNVC MKANS CHEAP WAORS. U|*m what terms can WA adopt a revenue tariff system in this country? In one way only, by accepting European conditions, and submitting to all the discomforts and disadvantages of our com-

t,f

a revenue tariff is the wages paid American

rkingmcn, and any return to that policy involves a reduction of the cost of lalior. We can not afford. Mr. President, to have cheap labor in the United States, Cheap labor means cheap men and dear money. I would rather elevate ami improve tho condition of my fellow eifi/.ens than increase tho value of money and the power of "money bags." This is a republic of free ami equal citizenship. The government is in tho hands of the masses, aud »t of the few. This is our I mast. ami it is a proud one. The condition of the masses, their well-lieing, their intelligence, their preparation for the civil duties which rest upon them, depend largely upon the scale of industrial wages. It is essential, therefore, that the best poss bio wages attainable shall be secured ami maintained. This i.s vital and fundamental. Wo can not without grave dancer audscriousdisturb* mice-we ought not under any circumstances adopt- a policy which would scale down the wages ami diminish the comforts of the American work* ingmeti. Their welfare ami ind« |jcmlence, their progress and elevation, are closely related to the welfare and independence and progress of the republic. We have got no jiamjierisl class in this couutry, aud we waul mine, \N want the field kept open. No narrowing of the avenues no lowering of our standard. We want no barriers raised against higher and Itelter civilization. The gatownv of opportunity must ho open to tilt, to the fin! 1 they ma*-'be first who deserve to tie first-, whether born in powerty or tea rod in luxury. We do not want the musses excluded from coinjieiin for the first rank among their countrymen aud for the nation's greatest honors, and we do ma mean that they shall

IK1.

rilllK TttAOR MKANS CIIKAPKH MEN. Free trade, or a revenue tariff, will of nrcussity shut them out. It bus no respect for labor. It holds it as the mere machinery of capital. It would have cheap men that it, might have cheap merchandise. ith all of its boasted love for the struggling millions it is infinitely mote interested In cutting down the wages of laUir than iu saving «£i cent* on a blanket more intent in reducing tho purchasing of a man's labor than tho cost ofhiscoKt. Things are not always dearest when their price ir. nominally the highest. The price in not the only measure, but the wherewith to buy it is an essential factor. Few ni'ii fcefore me but havo found in tho course of their lives more than once that that whi?h wa£ cheapest wheo measured by mero

price was the tlearest when they wro thout money and employtqeut, or when ir piodui-t could Ilnd tio tnut ket, vr. finding c. •mmand-si liO price at all commensurate with tile labor required to produce litem. Primarily, it is labor which is interested most ic this question of pro lection. The man with money can stvk other avenu'-s profit aud iuvesttnenr. or can wait for his dividends, but the laborer canuot wait for his dinner, and the United States do not waut citl*ens who make j:e,sidents and s»»nate-4 and the house of representatives to lie iu a condition of dejKMidence and destitution. That is uot the soil of citizenship we waut.

TUB MAONIKICKNT "HOME MA11KBT." Next to ihe laborer the farmer is the immediate lH-neffciury of the American system. It brings to his plant it on a city of consumers. The. farmer aud the factor are brought into cl- se nroximitv. The problem of trausp^nation is largely eliminated. He finds a market not only for staple produ?u which would bear transportation, but for many products which hut for a home market would waste and decay in the fields. I need not tell tanner in this neigh»o4h«M of the lienefleial effects of a home market. His own experience is belter thau any philosophy. Atlanta has given him an object-lesson. It has increased the value of his farm nroducts and enhanced the value of every foot of the ground he owns. llenjamin I-rnnkliu. in writing from Ixtidon in 1771. to Humphrey Marshall, comprehended the situation wheo he said: "Every manufacturer encouraged in our country umkes part a market for provisions within ourselves, and saves so much money to the couutry as must otherwise b»^ exerted to*|»ay for tbe manufactures he supplies. fie re in Kngland it is well-known and understood that wherever a manufacture is established, which employs a uumber of hands, it raises the value of laud in the neighboring country all around it partly by the greater demand near at hand for the produce of the land and jwirtly from the plenty of' money that part of the

drawn by the nianufnctuivrs to country. It s»*etns therefore the interest of our farmers and owners of lands to encouruge our young manufacturer^ in preference to foreign ones imported among us from distant countries."

The fathers of the Republic appreciated the necessity for a home market. They were all fanners aud planters. They could not sell to each other, for each sunplieil his owu wants. This was their situation. 'Ihey recognized the im]Kirtance of diversifying the occupations of the. |eople. They must promote other pursuits than the cultivation ot the soil. They must have, if they would prosper, consumers who would absorb ihe products of the farm. The result was a protective tariff, ami und-r it the wisdom and foresight of the founders of the Republic have been more than vindicated. Andrew Jackson put the case as well as has ever Usm done when he declared in 1WI, "where h^s the American farmer a market for his surplus product? Kxvept for cotton he has neither a foreign nor home market. Hoes not this clearly prove, where there is no market either at home or abroad, that there is too much lalior emploveu in ngrieult ure aud that tSie channels for labor should in' multiplied? C.-mnton sense points out the remedy: lhaw jYrm agicnltun Ihe superabundant labor, employ it on modernism and manufacture-, thereby creating a home market for yotu breadstuff's and dist.ubutting labor to the most prolltabb* account aud lienetits to the count ry." uue-i bird of the cotti crop of the South is consumed Jit home. Who 1 would not wij-h that a!I of it might find a market in ihe United States. We would be In-tler off you would letter off. The country at large would be the gainer if the whole cotton crop was fabricated in our own mills by our own people, Transportation would to a great extent be saved,

We would make ami liuv more cotton cloths at home, and send abroad for less idle labor would I ln» employed idle capital tind investment the south would increase it spindles aud it.s looms, and general and |H*rmanent prosperity would follow.

TUB SOI'TH MOST NEEDS PROTECTION. The tariff reformer seeks to flatter Ihe New England manufacturer with the suggestion that he no longer needs protection, and should turn his influence in favor of the other system. He assures him that he has readied such" i»erfection in manufacture, such completeness of organizntion. such advancement in meciianical skill, that he has nothing to fear from competition abroad, and that he has but to reach out for our own and the world's markets and they are hi*. He assures him he has nothing longer to fear from foreign coui|K?tition, bui tuat his serious danger is from home cotn|H'tihou that while he is indebted for his splendid progress iu industrial development to a protective system, helms outgrown it, aud if it is to be continued the people of the south anil west will b-cotue his dangerous rivals, aud that to avoid this new competition he unites him to a .sist in withholding from the states which have been slower iu industrial development that measure of Icgi-daiive aid which has leoii so protimbly invoked by the New hugland stales and to -,\ hich they arc indebted for their wonderful advancement, in mechanical and industrial pursuits. What the sou'.li and the west say to ihis narrow and provincial view? It may be irue that the New Kngland manufacturer has reached that rank and that degree of ]»erfeotion when protection to him is not s« essential as it once was. but the west and the south are in exactly the same condition that New England was thirty years ago, atul 1 am sure will iusist that tiie* same fostering legislation shall be accorded for their development that has been so long enjoyed by their more progressive fellowcitizen^ on the eastern const. Tin* truth is. protection must be universal in its application equally vv nhin the reach of all Foctious and all industrics, or it should be abandoned altogether. It cau not l»e enjoyed by one iuterest to the exclu* I sion of another. The New England woolen mills cau uot demand protection upon their cloth and deny it to wool, and they do not. The rice planter

protective dutie, and yet deny like protection to industries iu other parts of the couutry. Tho system must stand n« a whole or fall. As Hurko said of liberty. "It is tin clear right of all or of none. It is only perfect wht-u uuivol•sal.,' must 1M« protect.ve tnritT for all interests requiring the encouragement of the government, or it must lo free trade or a revenue tariff and rest alike upon all classes and all portions of the country. KKI'i: ill.K'AN |'U0Ti:«T10N TI1H SALVATION OF ALL f»Kt -TJONS.

We are diJTereut from any other nation, nnd it isthat thfTcrem.'e which makes us the best our jH.litieal sst"tn rests U|MHI ti' priie-iple dilYereut from that ol any «ithU'. It is founded II]HU th« consent of the people. If we hail wauled it otherwise we would not have left home, but would have remained the obedient child of an imperious parent. We would not have turned away from the mother country. We would have remained one of her de|iem1encies. We would not have fought our way through blood and sacrifice to indejH.-ndciiee. We separated to set up for ourselves a tree and indejietidciit political sM-i«tv, and that jtoljc.v is the best for us which I-est subserves the purposes of our organization, our citizenship aud civili/^itiou. It is ours to work out our owu destiny, and iu doing so furnih an example of a free ami progressive )eoi)le whose industrial policy has made it (Hissibto to satisfy the best uud highest aspirations of men. amf which clones no field to human endeavor. We would wish for all mankind the lienelk-enee of our system aud Ihe opportunities which it presents. We bid them level their conditio .in to ours we will not level ours down to theirs. We will remove r.ll restrictions from international trade whenever they will raise their lalior and their conditions to our standard.

Men of (Jeorgia, upon this gmit Industrial question there should lie no uorth nor south. To us of every section have been entrusted the interests of our country—our whole country. To others have lw*u confided the interests of other nations ami other peoples. We will not interfere w'th them We bid them uot interfeie with us My fellow citizens, in this conflict, influenced by iwit.riotism. national interest ami natiomd pride. Ictus be Americans.

TIIE

blood is the regulator,

Why You Feel

So weak and exhausted is because your blooil is impure. As well expect tlio sanitary condition of a city to be perfect with dcfilcil water and defective heweiiige, as to expect such a cotnplicated piece of mcchamsm as the liuinnti frame to be good order with inipuro blood circulating even to its minutest veins. Do yon know that every drop of your two or three nations of blood passes through the heart and lungs in about two and a half minutes, aud that, on its way, it makes bone ami muscle, brain ami nerve, and all other .solids and tluids of the body? The blood is the great nourishcr, or, as the Bible terms it,

"The Life of the Body."

it any wonder, then, that if the blood be not pure and perfect in its consti* tuents, you suffer so many indescribable symptoms?

Ayer's Sarsaparilla stands head and shoulders" above every other Alterative and Blood Medicine. As proof, read these reliable testimonies:

G. 0. llroik, of Lowell, Mass., says: "For the past years I have sold Ayer's Sarsapanlla. Iu mv opinion, the best remedial agencies for the euro of atl the diseases arising from impurities of the blood are contained iu this medicine.''

Eugene T. 11 ill, M. I)., :Wl Sixth Ave., New York, says "As a blood-pnrilier and general builder-up of the system, I have never found anything to equal Ayer's Sarsapanlla. It gives perfect satisfaction."

Ayer's Sarsapanlla proves equally cflieacious in all forms of Scrofula, Iloils, Carbuncles, Kczeina, Humors, Lumbago, Catarrh, &t\ and is, therefore, the very best

Spring and Family Medicine in use. It beats all," says Mr. Cutler, of Cutler Brothers Co., Boston, "how

Ayer's Sarsapariila

does sell." Prepared by

Dr. J. C. Ayer 8c Co., Lowell, Mass. l'rice $1, mx bottles, Worib $0 a bottle.

rUakc3

a Loroljr Complexion. Is a

[Splendid Tonic and euros Cancer, llolls,

Rc^u'a'e

the Regulator with Warner's Loi» Cabin Sarsapariila. It cures atl impurities. It Is the largest bottle in the market— 12J doses for $1. Your ilrut'L'ist sells I Buy it ior \iur family's botKlil as well as vour own.

If you are troubled with pimples or any sKln disease, try the,! It |. Blood ami Liver Tonic best on record to purify the blood. For sale by drunglMs, lu

SOME DOCTORS

honestly mhnit that they can't cure Itheuimitism ami Neuralgia. Oihem say tluy can but—ioii't. Atli-to-pho-ros says nothing but cuirn. That's the secret of its success. Years of trial have proved it lo be a yuick, safr, sure cure.

Concord, N. H.. Sept. 3,1W

In my own family Athlopuom* was used AM a last resort, the user uavimr suffered from rheumatism for years and havitiK btvu tnatetl for the disease by different physiciiuiH Uiis State and Ma*.sachu. N?tts witliout eveu temjuirory relief. 1'IHIII my recommendation scores of peopit? have used this remedy with the name results cluUue*! for it.

C. H. WIJON.

Dubuque, Iowa.-Ian. 3, 1H«H.

Athlophoros has conipli-telv cured me of nervous headache, and 1 IVol thankful for all tho ?ood it has done me.

Mrs. Lorisi:

CHKIUIY.

VW fend cents for tho IH-nutiful eolored j-ic-turc, Menirish Maiden." 7HEATHL0PH0R0S CO. 112 Wat/St. N. Y.

.Pimples,Scrofula, Mercurial and allj Blood Diseases. Sold by your Druggist"

Sellen Ueilciae Co., nurtured

Fju

JUDICIOUS AND PERSISTENT Advertising has always proven success 111I. lbd »re placing any Newspaper Advertising consult'

LORD & THOMAS, TLTM IS'USIM 0.KV1S. t: to r.l r.untlt.lltli Slri'il, CHICAGO'

CATARRH HLVS ureim Balm

bkw!

can uot hope to enjov fuii protection against foreigu comiietitiou ami deny eonal iirotection to particle is apnlu-d into the nostril the producer of salt. The* sugar planter of Lou- agreeable, t*io- ct nts by inail, ic -is isiana can not invoke the power of congress for j'-vnts. 1.1.» MKOS. ill \N men street, Nc

HAYFEVER®

Nasal Passages,

Aliayy Pain and

lnllamniation,

I Icals the Sores,

1 ii res the

Sense ul* Taste anil Smell.

KAY-FEVER

l'RV Till-: CUR1-:.

:uul is

tcretl, i0 Ytirk'

Tho BUY IWtS* GUIDE is iniuied March nnd Sept., each year. It in an ency« clopodia ot useful information lor nil who purchase the luxuries or tho necessities ot lilc. Wo

O~~

can clot-ho you nnd lurnish you with uii tlie aeeoHaavy ami unnecessary appliances to ridofwnlk, dance, sleep, oat, lltih, hunt, wcrk, to church,, or Htay at home, and in various sizes, styles and quantities. Just ilguro out what is required to do all those things COMfORTABLY. iiuci you can make a fair cstiinnte ol tho value of the BUYEHS* GUIDE, which will bo «ent npon receipt ot 10 cents to pay postage,

MONTGOMERY WARD & CO. 111-114 Michigan Avouuo, Chicago, I.1L

HARVEST

EXCURSIONS

MINNESOTA, DAKOTA MONTANA,

AUGUST 21,

TUESDAY SEPTEMBAR 11 and 25, I OCTOBER 9 and 23.

Tin:

Sl.Paul, Minneapolis & Manitoba

From St. Paul :ind Minneapolis

Ai HATKS

CHEAHER THAN EVER BEFORE.

Points west of (iraud Forks In Dakota and Montana loss than one fare, no round-trip rate belmj more than S'J'1, includlnt (Iivat Falls, Montana.

Persons desiring to take a trip through Northern Minnesota, Dakota or Montana Rir the purpose of looking over the country, or. with the idea oi selecting a new home within the borders of the grandest wheat belt In the world,and an agricultural country suitable for diversified farming, dairy and stock purposes, will de well to take advantage of tnosorates.

For maps ami information apply to our home ticket agent, to any agent of the company, or

I WHITN'KV.

1* and A, Kl Paul, Minn,