Crawfordsville Weekly Journal, Crawfordsville, Montgomery County, 9 December 1869 — Page 11

REPORT OF THE SECRETARY Of THE TREASURY.

Secretary Bovllwe\l in liis report, compliments the officers in charge of the various bureaus and divisions of:the Treasury department by .stating that they have faithfully performed their duties, and lie commands their several reports to the confederation of Congress.

The decrease in the cost of collecting "revenue has not been attended by any loss of etlicicncy in the service. On the other hand it is believed that the means for the detection of smuggling are better than over before, and that the custom-house service is also constantly improving.

Under the existing laws certain revenue officers and other persons appearing as in.ibrmers are entitled to shares in fines, penalties, and forfeitures. The Secretary's experience has convinced him that the evds attending this system are greater than the benefits derived from it.

In March last there were employed in the Treasury department at Washington, 2,848 clerks, messengers, and laborers, at a monthly cost of $285,5)21.51. At present flie whole number of employees is 2,441, and their monthly pay amounts to $238,280.81, showing a decrease of expenses at the rate of $57,168.04 per annum. It was found necessary, however, during the periods mentioned, to increase the force in the internal Revenue office, and in the office of the First Comptroller. This increase, in the aggregate, is at the rate of $80,440 per annum. This statement does not relate to the force iu the bureau of engraving and printing.

In March last there were 62 special agents in the service of the department, receiving, in the aggregate, for their services the sum of $371.10 per day. The number now employed is 54, and their daily pay $368.85. The pay of the agents lias been increased generally, in the hope that more efficient service might be obtained.

Arrangements have been made for the manufacture of paper for the currency and other obligations of the United States, and for the printing of the same, which will increase the security of the government against unlawful issues from genuine plates.

The revenue marine system is an important and expensive branch of the customs revenue service. There are 36 vessels belongiug to the department, of which 12 are sailing vessels, and 24 are •steamers. They vary in size from 40 to 48 tons. One hundred and seventy-three officers and 2,400 men are required to man these vessels, and their running expenses amount- to about $865,000 a 3rear. From one half to three fourths of the vessels now in the service are not adapted to the business.

The attention of Congress is called to the inadequacy of the salaries paid to officers in the Treasury department, who -exercise discretion and whose acts bind the government or affect directly its expenditures or revenues, and an increase of their pay is earnestly recommended.

The Secretary also states that this increase of pay should be extended to the revenue officers in the customs service, such as collectors, surveyors, naval officers, and especially to appraisers and examiners in the appraiser's department. "Including interests earned and not paid, and deducting the cash on hand, the debt of the United States on the 1st of March last was $2,525,463,260.01, and subject to the same condition it was $2,453,559,735.23 on the 1st of the present month, showing a decrease of $71,903,524.78. This apparent decrease of the public debt is le8s than the actual decrease. Considerable sums have been paid on war and other old claims not previously ascertained, and therefore not included in any debt statement. The account of Marcli 1, from the necessity of

of currency has been withdrawn from other sections to supply the demand there created." The amount necessary for the purposes of the South will steadily increase for the next two years. "The construction of the Pacific Railroad is likely to result in the substitution of paper for coin by the people on the Pacific coast. It is probable that the demand for paper for that purpose will not bo less than $30,000,000. As a consequence a very large quantity of coin will be increased upon the Atlantic coast, and the paper circulation in the States east of the Rocky mountains will be materially reduced. These changes will tend to diminish the difference Detween paper and coin."

Concerning the resumption of specie payment, the Secretary says:. When the credit ot the country shall be fully established in Europe, and there shall be no doubt either of our ability or disposition to meet all of our obligations, bonds, heretofore, and now, to a large extent, held by merchants and bankers, will be transferred to capitalists for permanent investment. When this change shail have taken placc the probability of our securities being sent home under the influence of political or financial disturbances in England will be very light, and when, as a concurring fact, our exports, exclusive of public securities, shall be equal to our imports, specie payments may bo resumed without even a temporary embarrassment to the business of the country.

Mr. Boutwell cites attention to two evils in the present banking system, the same as noticed in the report of the Comptroller of the Currency—the first that of the banks allowing interest on deposits, and the second, the practice of making call loans for speculative purposes. It does not seem to him to be wise to authorize the funding of the whole 'amount of 5-20 bonds,which as is now anticipated, will^be outstanding on the 1st of July next but that $250,000,000 "at least should be sulfered, to remain, cither for purchase or redemption previous to 1874. Should the sum of $250,000,000 be left for that purpose, the entire public debt would be in a condition to be easily redeemed between 1874 and 1881. The 40-40 bonds could be paid and provision also be matte for the redemption of the bonds, which will become due in the year 1881. It may be wise to reduce the proposed loan to $1,000,000,000, which would then leave for payment, previous to 1881, the sum of about $670,000,000 or hardly more than $60,000,000 a year. Assuming that the loan will be for an amount not exceeding $1,200,000,000, he recommends that it be offered in three classes, of $400,000,000 each. The first class to be payable in 15 years, and to be paid in 20 years the second class of $400,0-0,000 to be payable in 20 years, and to be paid in 25 years and the third class of $400,000,000 to be payable in 25 years, and to be paid in 30 years.

In offering the new loan, citizens anfi subjects of other governments shoulu receive the strongest assurance that the interest and principal are to be paid in coin, according to the terms of the bonds issued, .without any deduction or abatement whatever.

When the 5-20 bonds shall have been funded to the amount of $1,000,000,000 or $1,200,000,000, the revenues can be reduced materially, and yet sufficient sums be raised to meet the ordinary expenses of the government, to pay the interest on the public debt, and also to pay from $25,000,000 to" $50,000,000 of the principal annually.

Should the success in negotiating the loan be equal to the Secretary's expectations, based upon the fact that the ability and disposition of the people of the United States to pay the public debt are sufficient to justify us in assuming that the bonds of the United States will

Report of the Secretary or War.

THE report of General Belknap, Secretary of War, opens with a reference to Gfc'n. Rawlins, of whom it says: Of Gen. Rawlins, it can with truth be said that the virtues of true manhood characterieed his life, as a soldier, citizen, and statesman, while on the records of the department will ever remain the evidence of his high honor, his patriotism, and his Sagacious judgment." The Secretary then explains that few'recommendations will be made at length, as the duties of the office were assumed but a few days prior to thfe date of this report, November 20. He, however, refers to the material matters of the re* ports presented to him. Referring to the report of the General of the Army, he says there arc 12 departments and 3 districts, each under the command of a general officer and the several departments are formed into 4 military divisions, commanded by the four Generals next in rank to the General of the Army. The regular army consists of 5 regiments of artillery, 10 of cavalry, 25 of infantry,'the battalion of engineers, and the corps of cadets. All the regiments are on duty. The Secretary indorses a recommendation of Gen. Sherman that legislation be had enacting the rules and articles of war adopted by the boards, convened in conformity with the act of Congress, July 23,1866, and approving the new regulations compiled in June, 1868.

The Secretary then continues, still referring to Gen. Sherman's report: After the consolidation made in accordance with the act of March 3,1869, there remained, on Nov. 1, 509 unattached officers. All of these have been assigned to duty excepting 156 who are awaiting orders. It seems equitable and just, should a reduction be made, that officers awaiting orders by their own request and preferring that to active duty, should.have less claim for retention than those who applied for assignment. Of this class there are 139 officers. Some of them, however, had special reasons for asking to be placed on the awaiting order list, which the department recognized, and which should be regarded. It is certainly fair that the consequences of a reduction of officers should fall proportionately on cavalry, artillery, and infant ly and should Congress act in the matter, it is proper that this consideration should not be overlooked. In reference to the question of reduction, I concur with the report in recommending that authority be given to retire a greater number of officers for cause than is now allowed by law—seven per cent, of the officers of the whole army. The present maximum of the army is 52,234 enlisted men. Relying on two-thirds for actual service, the number of men is 34,822. By the plan of organization submitted in the report there would be 44,650 men twothirds for actual service would be 29,750 -men, below which it would not be prudent to go, as the necessities of the country and the great extent of territory to be protected will require every man of that number.

Section 6 of the act of March, 1869, provides that, until otherwise directed by law, there shall be no new appointments amd no promotions in the Adjutant General's department, in the Inspector General's department, in the Quartermaster's department, in the Commissary department, in the Ordnance department, in the Engineer's department, and the Medical departmeut. I recommend that the staff corps be retained at the standard fixed by the act of July 28,1866, and that the clause prohibiting appointments and promotions be repealed, in order that vacancies may be filled, as was the practice prior to the passage of the act of March 3, 1869. Although the army may be smaller than heretofore, experience has shown these officers are as necessary for th

cation of the Indians, granted April 10, 18WAlthough the amount of clothing and equipage on hand at the end or the war has been reduced by sales and issues, there still remains a stock valued at over$42,000»* 000. The general depots have been reduced to four, and at only two of them is there any large collection of material, viz.: At the Schuylkill arsenal on the Delaware, and at Jeffersonville, on the Ohio. This latter is being drawn upon constantly, but it still contains over $14,000,000 worth of war material.

There are 72 national cemeteries, and 313 local, post, or private cemeteries in which soldiers lie buried. The titles of 71 of the national cemeteries have been approved, as perfect, by the Attorney General. There are 322,607 interments reported, of which 71,946 have been identified. The expenditure on the work has been nearly $3,000,000.

During the year 5,855 animals were purchased, and 3,492 were sold. These fatter produced the sum of $223,338.28.

Subsistence supplies for the army have been mainly procured in 10 large market cities. The average cost of the ration at these markets has been about 23 cents. Salt meats on the Pacific coast, for troops stationed there, have been obtained at Favorable prices. Tobacco, at an average monthly value of $190,000, has been furnished to troops at cost prices, and the Frcedmen's Bureau has been supplied with stores to the value of nearly $250,000, most of which has already been paid for, and the remainder is in process of refunding at the treasury. The issues to the Indians at various points have amounted to more than $150,000, and at the request of the Interior department stores valued at $37,500 were issued to destitute Osages and others to prevent starvation during, the winter. Under an arrangement between the War department and the Department of the Interior, the Indian department is being furnished with food for the Indians on the several reservations on the Missouri river, and in the Indian Territory. The rations furnished is prescribed, or approved, by the Interior department, and its value is to be repaid from appropriations made by section 4, of the act of April 10, 1869. There have been paid $27,261.75 as commutation of rations to Union soldiers, while prisoners of war. Claims for supplies furnished the the war, amounting to $2, 899,806.15, have been received, of which $288,033.87 have been allowed, and $2,581,064.18 have been rejected. During the fiscal year 11,907 accounts and returns have been received from various officers, of which 11,787 have been examined and referred to the Third Auditor for final set tlement. A^change in the army ration, bv extending the variety of articles, and also in the manner of disposing of the savings of soldier's messes and bakeries, would be of advantage. A change in the law is recommended, so as to allow officers of the line, when acting as assistant commissioners of subsistence, to receive $20 per month in addition to their pay, instead of the sum of $20, less one ration per day, now allowed.

The current expenditures of the Medical department during the fiscal year ending June 30,1869, were $233,561.21. The tatal expenditures of that department, including war debts and refundments, were $70,830,536, and the available balance at the close of the year was $179,205,073. The health of the troops has been good. The total number of cases on the sick list during the year was 104,235. The average number constantly sick since lrst report was 2,365, or about 5per cent. The number of deaths was 548 of discharges for disability 1,128. The number of commissioned medical officers for duty on June 30,1869, was 161, being an average of one medical officer to

rion and Davis counties, Texas, should b« similarly disposed of. A principal arsenal Of construction and deposit ana a powder depot are recommended to be established on the Atlantic and Pacific coasts, and in the valley of the Mississippi. The sale of some of the present Eastern arsenals is suggested as a means to raise funds wherewith to establish the principal arsenal for the Atlantic coast. Rock Island is the point for the

S[issismppi.

rincipal- arsenal for the valley of the Powder depots should be established on the Atlantic and Pacific coasts. Some more "buildings are required at the Jefferson barracks, and are recommended to be paid for out of the proceeds of the dale of the St. Louis arsenal.

The expenses of the Freedmen's Bureau were met the first year with the proceeds of rents, sales of crops, school tax, and tuition, and sale ot Confederate States" property. The amonnt received from all the miscellaneous sources was $1,865,645.80, and from appropriations by Congress since July, 1866, $11,084,750, making a total of $12,950,885.80 received from all sources. The expenditures, including the accounts of the "Department of negro affairs," from Jane 1, 1865, to Aug. 31,1869, have been $11,194,028.10. The total expenses of the bureau have been $13,524,816.82.

The division commanded by Lieut. Gen. Sheridan embraces the departments of Dakota, the Platte, and Missouri, commanded respectively by Maj. Gen. W. H. Hancock, Bvt. Maj. Gen. August, Bvt. Maj. Gen. Schofield. These three departments cover a territory of great extent, in which most of the civilized, semicivilized, and wild Indians abide, and include the States of Illinois, Iowa, Missouri, Kansas, Nebraska, and Minnesota, afid the Territories of Colorado, New Mexico, Wyoming, Utah, Dakota, Montana, and the Indian. The administration of these departments has been ably and economically conducted but the number of troops now on duty iji them is deemed insufficient, with the present reduced strength of companies, to meet the wants pf the service.

Although there have been numerous depredations in this division, the condition of Indian affairs is very much better than last year. The policy of reservations adopted by the Indian department is, in the judgment of Gen. Sheridan, the policy that will put an end to Indian murders and depredation s. Every effort is made to avoid the necessity of punishing the savages, with the strong hope that they may settle down on their reservations and adopt a more peaocful and civilized, life. The syfjtem of supplying the wild bands under the present Indian management is working well. The Indian receives all that the Government intends he should, and can have no plea of bad faith to urge as an excuse for a return to his former habits.

HOME, FARM AND GARDEN.

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