Crawfordsville Weekly Journal, Crawfordsville, Montgomery County, 7 March 1861 — Page 2

THURSDAY,

siA-ftesr Ty tsGi.

The Siiaugnsal.

We give place ip our columns t,6-day, to the able and OuUcd\ii^igural' ad7dress of President Lincoln. It is a document long and anxiously looked foi\ and( \vill be read, probably, with greater interest than that of' any President since the formation of the Government. The positions Jtakipu I'iAllfte address are straight-forward and manly and wo'believe, must and will reccTve the hearty apprOvaPof ail true conservative. Union loving* recti, of all parties. /The Washington correspondent of ftv Press, (Cin..) in speakingof the effect of the address in ithe Federal Capital, says it has "excited almost universal hope in the restoration of the government,' and perpetuity of the Union and the people here are in a state of irrepressible enthusiasm, except a few of the open secessionists, •who are in a greater rage than- ever, because the inaugural has deprived them of all their material for firing the Southern heart, and they know its publication throughout the South will paralyze the arm of rebellion.

A Baltimore correspondent says

Tho Cincinnati Press says, editorial]}', that

I:it

is distinguished for direct

ness and pertinacity, uitlt avoids all circumlocution and goes straight at tho work, discussing those questions which arc uppermost in the public mind, and expressing his views with a clearness and decision that leaves no possibility lor misunderstanding^Mt denotes a character exactly adapted to the national necessity. In spite of the liitterness of feeling created by secession, we believe that the great majority of tho people, both North and South, will heartily respond to its sentiments and declarations and we believe that the judgment of the American pep pie will pronounce this one of the ablest of American State papers.

SoatSi CaroSiua ifac Confederacy. The recent acts of the State of South Carolina do not prove acceptable to Louisiana. The. policy of these two States can never be made to harmonize, and the course of the Palmetto State threatens the destruction of the new government. Both of,those States deeni themselves of the greatest importance to the Confederacy, and according to present appearances if left to itself the new government is doomed to a speedy and hopeless dissolution. Yrfty take the following extract from: tho N. O. Bee:

WROXCRIEADED.—The ifirey Palmetto State is, we fear, destined (o be a source of trouble, whether in or.out of theUnion. Althoughs'iie hasnotbeen a member of the Southern Confederacy .for more than a few days, her press begins already to use the language of reprobation in reference to the Provisional Government. ro-

sXiiicoIh

Appohsi-

OBI Cabastet. _• meiais.

struggle in

We see it stated that the Washington on Saturday evening in presence of Mr. Lincoln, over the Cabinet appointments, was highly exciting —.the friends .of the various aspirants 'pushing their claims with great vehemence—until the President said, "Gentlemen, it'is very evident some one must take the responsibility of these appointments, and 1- will do so. My

Cabinet is completed.•: The positions arc not definitely assigned, and will not be until I announce' them privately to. the gentlemen I have chosen as my constitutional advisers."^,Quiet was immediately restored. Mr. Lincoin then sent for 3Ir. Seward,:and subrnitted to him his inaugurali^Tbc Senator coneurrcd 'heartily in tiie.greater part o.f it, but suggested a few modifications, which were accepted, and the document deemed complete^ "t f-"1 pears were expressed in Mr. Lin

coln's

presence as to his safely, to which he replied:,. ''I am.here to take what is my right, and I shall take it. I anticipate no trouble, but if it should come, I am prepared to hicct it."

Tin

lion. Jas. Wilson will return

"from Washington on or about tho 15th inst. It will be hisVpurposc wc.under:stand, on arriving, lit ho mc, to enter immediately upon th,a practice of his profession. Mr. -W ^-is a man.of supeTio'r abilities as a la\yyer, arid the. announcement of his intention to'i'esunie the practice of the 1 jijW,.\v!ijl ,jjc .gladly Received by-, /liis,:'numerous friends Ihrousrhout the Sth Congressional Dis8 I'-' ill /.vV f.r ~i trict. ... -ri7

Monday next.

,"s r. S'VAieHt'OttSWICt..' Kansas Letter.

:the

President's inaugural has been extensively read here. Many think it is not eufRcientI}' explicit regarding the existing national troubles, "but it is generally well spoken of, -and hopes are freely entertained that it will have a good effect in restoring peace to the country. Maryland will unhesitatingly support the policy ,of Mr. Lincoln's inaugural, in prefei-ence to secession or disunion in any shape."

Tho following is an extract from a letter reccA*«3 from a Lady ii^Kansas, acknowledging the roecption of clbtbing se«£t

Jra|»r:§^,|)laco^st

December:—*:{$3r. JOORNAI,.] ?IT

''The viilii^tble bo± of olotbing sent frotn Cravrfordsvillc, relied aji Jont'tbc 15£hj Wc'-seiit 5-ti ox team X3Q miles to ^^ison^for jjpjj bo»you-

sjnt,,nlso tbeT^5njie'lajr

the roads being almost impassible, and the wenther ,sevorc.-'iKo eloHung, and-but little provisions hn?, as yet, been brought here frpm the "Aid Society." A draft of $50 was sent to my liusbaml, to be used at his discretion- thi» tiine'ty- aid «#arui»hed«feed 'for the tenrn, nnd*flour to be distributed among the needy. Many will suffer for wnnt of bread, if •S0ine means do not arrive soon with which to proWre xrcrii^j^FS'tint wfcre needed,•o?pecially ^h? small clothing, and the dopirfiul is pot yqt supplied Could I £.ud, Inn--guago to expross tho gmtitado of tboae who "teav& shared ypu? tujciiieas, I should be glad to do\o, but joy and thankfulness, and tears of gratitude speak louder than words, .1 look the horse and buggy as soon as could select some previously specified articles-, (it was a bitter cold day,) and relieved some needy onC3. It was pleasant on the following- Sabbath to see many of our friends at church clad in your warm hoods, shawls, shoes, ifcci

Many came for help on hearing of tho arrival of the box: one family with six children almost naked came, one of the little boys after putting on the small pants and waist, says, -''fako hold of me, see how 1 oarm I am?'.' this family was greatly relieved. A widow with live children, and many other families ha^s.beon comforted and relieved. Many others 'have sinec, called askiug piteously for helpt I have distributed tho contents of tkc box according to tho bostf!of my judgment also, many articles of my own clothing and bedding, and yet-many are still suffering. It is sad to' sec little boys and girls, this cold, winter, baro foot and with no warm clothing. It seems almost impossible for those who have always enjoyed an abundanco of all the good things of this world, to realize the distress it would bring upon them to be suddenly deprived of them all. j' In behalf of the grateful recipients of your kindness, I would tender to'you their most sincere and heartfelt thanks and in view of others as needy would be the almoner of another similar box, as you suggested, and thus diffuse joy arid gladness into destitute homes. We feel that you have already done much, and may God reward you for your labor of love and sympathy. May you find it aioro blessed to give than to receive. All packages sent to S. C. Pomvoy for'us will be safe, ••M Yours in Christian sympathy,

E. B. FISK.

A box for tho reception of articles for the sufferers of Kansas, will remain open at Graham & Brother's store for a week or two. Those wishing to aid in supplying the needy of Kansas will please bear this in mind, and stnd in their packages without delay.

JBS?"We are indebted to tho Lafayette Dail}- Courier and Daily Journal, for advance copies of the Presidents Inaugural. The Journal.and Courier arc both first class daily prints, and do$jkrve a liberal patronage from the hands of the Crawfordsvillians.

13 Guns.

A salute of 13 guns was fired by Capt. O. W. Corey's artillery on the afternoon of Monday last, upon the reception of the news by telegraph, in honor of the inauguration of Hon. Abraham Lincoln, as President of the United States—of this whole people— North, South, East, West.

GOXE EAST.—J. P. Campbell, of the Dry Goods and Hardwaro establishment of Campbell, Ga'iey & Ilarter, of this city, went East on Monday of this week, for the purpose of purchasing a mammoth stock for the Spring and Summer trade., Look out for New Goiods within a very few days.. They will be forthcoming immediately on his arrival in the East. -f

AGRICULTURAL MEETING.—Farmers, and others, interested in the prosperity of our County Agricultural Society, should remember the day set apart by the proper officers, for a public meeting. The meeting is advertised to be held at the Court House in this city, on Saturday, 23d inst. Piead the call in another column.

SADDLERY Sec.—Pead the advertisement of. II. P. Ensminger, to bo found in another part of to-day's Journal. Mr. E. is a superior workman, and keeps d. good stock of Saddles, Bridles, double and single Harness. &c\, &c.. constantly on hand, and is disposed to sell at living prices. Call and see him. Shop, one door South of Craig & Mack's Bak^r & Grocery store.

PAPER HANGINGS.—Campbell, Galey & Harter, advertise in to-day's Journal, ten thousand pieces of Wall and Window Paper, embracing all tho latest patterns.

g^Itcad the advertisement of the Columbus, (0.) Nursery, Bateman. Hanford & Co., proprietors. This is one of the l&rgest' and' best Nurseries in th.e western wilds covering over one hundred acrcs of land.

Cabinet Furniture.

We wish to call the. special attention of our readers generally, particularly the newly married, arid those who confemplate marriage, to the large and superior stock of Cabinet Furniture now on hnnd aud- for sale, cheap, by •Messrs. PoSs & White, at No. 4,

:(Jn6ri'h)

CIRCUIT COUR'T.—The spring term of ing t\t the "Journal" Oflice, CrawfordsHh'is court' wijl'mcqt in"this pkeo

C0111-

•mercial Block. Call and sec them, at least, before pui clVasing. '(*f'

WALL PAPER/^-Goto Eltzroth's store if you wish to buy a nice article of Wall .Paper/ ,He tidvprtiscs a large stop} just received. 1 1 O mi- TaK«Police. if 1]\lvll£trtley, T. Howard, resident of San Pierre, on the L.,' N. A. & Chicago Eaiii'6'ad,

will save himself

trouble, expense and exposure, by call-

fon'ivi4ie-

:by raddi*essing

Jas.-iHeSifop,

=q., immediately. More anon.

M2%\ilTGWMt*!jL .i&iPKEm.

Fmou -citizens of the United SJdtes:

In compliance with a custbfo as old as the government its6lf^ I appear boibre 3^011 to address yo(i briefly, and take in your presume© the oath pre-

from- scrijbcd by the Con^tftutfbji of tilt)

Chicngo, 111. Our teamster was gone three weeks, Unjtcd States, to be taken by the PrCS-

ident before he enters on the execution of his oftkrfal-dutics. I do not consider it necessary at present for mo to discuss those matters of administration about which there is no spe^al anxiety or ^xeitgment. Thqs /apprehension seejiis tbf (ffJst among itljio people of .the .Southern States, that," by the.accession of a Republican administration, their peace and personal security are to.be iendangered but there has never been iany l'easoiia'ble cause for such apprehcnstoW. indeed the most ample evidence tQvthe'contrary has all the while existed, ^pd been open to their inspecr on.

is feurftf ihvnearly all the published

him who now addresses j^ou. from

I quote. 110V from one.of those speeches where I declare that I have no purpose, directly or indirectly, to interfere with the institution of slavery in the States where it exists. I believe I have 110 lawful right:to do: so, and I have no inclination to do so. Those who' naminated me, and elected me. did so with tho full knowledge that I had made this and many similar declarations^ and had never recanted them. And more than this, they placed in the platform for my acceptance, as a law to themselves, rind to -me, the clear'and emphatic resolution which I now road: lie-solved, That themaintenance inviolate of the rights of tho States, and especially the right of each State to order and control its own domestic institutions according to its own judgement, exclusively, is essential to the balance of power on which the perfection and endurance of our political fabric depend and we denounce the lawless invasion, by an armed force of the soil of any State or Territory, no matter under what pretext, as among the gravest of crimes.

I now reiterate theso sentiments, and in doing so I only press upon the public attention the most conclusive evidence of which the case is susceptible, that the prosperity peace and security of no section are to be in any wise endangered by the now incoming administration. Iaddto this that allt-he protection which consistently with the constitution and the laws can be given, will be cheerfully given to all the States, when lawfully "demanded, for whatever cause, as cheerfully to one section as to another.

There is much controversy about the delivering of fugitives from service or labor the clause I now read is as plainly written in the constitution as any other of its provisions: '"Jso person held to service or labor in one State under the laws thereof. escaping into another shall, in consequence of any law or regulation therein, be discharged from such service Or labor, but. shall be delivered up on claim of the party to whom such service or labor may be due."

It is scarcely questioned that tinsprovision was intended by those who made it for the reclaiming of what we followed, unless call fugitive slaves, and the intention of the law-giver is the law. All mem-

bers of Congress swe'ar their support 1

to the' whole Constitution, to this provision as much as to any other. To the proposition, then, that slaves whose cases come within this clause shall be delivered up, their oaths are unanimous. Now, if they would make the effort in good temper, could they not with nearly equal unanimity frame and pass a law by means of which to keep good that unanimous oath There is some difference of opinion whether this clause should be enforced by National or State authority, but surely that difference is not a very material one. If the slave is to be surrendered, it can be of* but little consequence to him or to others by what authority it is done. Again, in any law upon this subject, ought not all the safeguards of liberty known in civilized and humane jurisprudence to be-introduced so that a freeman may never in any case be surrendered as a slave, and might it not be well at the same time to provide bv law for the enforcement of the cfause in the Constitution which guarantees that the citizens of cach State shall be entitled' to alP the privileges and immunities of citizens in the several States. I take'the official oath todav, with no mental, reservation and rioVurpose to coristnic the Constitution and laws by any hypocritical rules, and While I do'not choose now to specify particular acts of Congress as proper to be enforced, I do suggest that it Avill be much safer for all7 both in official and private' stations, to conform to and abide by'all these acts which stand unrepealed,'than: to violate any of them, trusting.to find impunity in having them held to be-'unconstitutional. '-it is severity-two years since the first inabguratiori of a President under our National 'Constitution. Durihg that time •fifteen differerit and:great}y distin'niished citizens, have in succession administered the executive branch of the Goverrimcrit. They have conducted it through many perils, and generally with great success.. Yet, with all this scope"6f 'precedent I now enter upon the fenme' task, Tor the brief .constitutional term of:four years, under agrfat arid peculiar difficulty. '^isruptioir' of the Fedei-al Govern merit heretofore only menaced, is now formidably attempted.

I hold that in 'coritemplation of universal law,, and the Constitution, f-he Union of the States i^ perpetual.: Perpetuity is implied, if not expressed-,,in tho fundamental law of, all govern7 ments. It is not safe to assert that.the trovernmcnt proper ever had' proyisTonsin its.organic law for its own termination, Continue to exccute. all the express provision^ of oiir nationiil-con-.st.ituition. ,and,-th«: Union will endure forever, it being, impossible to destroy it, except by some action, not provided for in the constitution ''Again, if the -United ^States be not a govern merit

theso

propGrv frat association States-in the nature of a contract merely, can them wneneyer a majority refuses to be

views that no State, upon

its own more motion, can lawfully get out of tho "Union—that resolves and ordinances to that effect aro legally void, and that acts of violence within any State, or States, against the authority of the United States, are insurrection ary or revolutionary .-accord-. ing to cii'cumstanccs. int*

I therefore consider that in vicw'of the constitution and laws, tho Union is unbroken and to the extent of my ability shall take care, as the constitution itself expressly enjoins 011 me. that the laws of the Union be faithfully executed in all the Staler .In doing this, I deem it to be only a simple duty on my part, and I shall perform it so far as practicable, unless my rightful

Tho course lie^o indicated will be

an{^

it, as a contract, be peaceably annulled, controlledv by such minority utiibss by all the parties who-roade it? stance, why-may not any portion of a party wi O09 party t£*,a oftjj.teaut may violate ij^.new Confederacy, a year or ko hence. -~brealv"it, £0 to speakr-^but does it:aiof arbitrarily seCetle, preciselyj a's alpprf r&guirO^ill to lawfully remind it? tion^of-the present^ Union jlow cgifinf

J^Descending A1om^h.(ise'.gMiciral prip- to secede froni it?g All who ch|rislt ciples, $fe find tlje jiropositionVthat. m.| dis^jiiion pentlinent^Jarq.now bein^edd^gijl contom^pjation, the tjnion is'pej^.5 ucitfed^to! the oxacid temper ipf doing pctual, is confirmed bV tho-history of the Union itself. TheUnion is much older than the Constitution. It was formed in fact by the Articles of Asso•cifition in 4774. It was matured and continued by the Declaration of Independence in'l776. It jvas further matured on the faith of all the then Thirteen States, expressly plighted and engaged that it should be perpetuated by tho Articles of Confederation in 1778, and finally, in 1787. One of the declared objects for ordaining and establishing the Constitution, was to form a more perfect Union, If separation by one. or by apart only, of the States, .be lawfully possible the Union is,less, than before the Constitution, having lost the vital element of perpetuity. It follows

American people, shall

The power confided to me wiiI be used to hold, occupy and possess the property and places belonging to the Government, and to collect duties and imposts but beyond what may be necessary for these objects, there will be no using of force against or among people anywhere. \Vherc hostility to the United States in any interior locality shall,be so universal as to prevent competent residents from holding Federal offices, there will be no fitt.cnrpt to force obnoxious strangers among the people that object. While the strict legal right may exist in the Government to enforce the exercise of these offices, the attempt to do BO would,be so irritating and so nearly iir.practiW ble withah that I deem it better tt forego for a time the use of such offices. The mails, unless repelled, will continue to be furnished in all parts of the Union, so far as possible the people everywhere -shall have that sonse of perfect security which is most favorable to calm thought and reflection.

masters, the-American people, snui., 1 1 1 ,1 •, Government upon vital questions afwilhhokl the requisite means, or in

.1 i# A fcctin(r tiic whole poopiC is to 1)0 nicvsome author

five manner du-ect tho

contrary. I trust this will not be regarded as a menace, but, only as a declared purpose of the Union, that.it. will constitutionally defend and maintain itself. In doing this there need bo no bloodshed or violence, and there shall be none unless forced upon the national authority.

hare indicfi ssncTirrenft events and

experience shall show a modification or change to be proper. In every case

exigency my best discretion will

bo used fjccording to crrcumstances actually existing, and with a view and a hope'of a peaceful solution of the national troubles, and the restoration of the fraternal sympathies and affections. That there are persons, in one section or another, who seek to destroy the Union, or, at all event*, are glad of any pretext to do it, I will ^either affirm or deny but, if there be such. I need address no word to them. -Ti those, however, who really love the Union, may I speak. Before entering upon so grave a matter as the destruction of our national fabric, with all its benefits, memories and hopes, would it not be wise to ascertain previously why we hazard so desperate a step, while there is any possibility that any of the ills you fly from have no real existence, while the certain ills you fly to are greater than all tho real ones you fly from, will you risk the commission of' so fearful a mistake? All profess to.be content in the .Union, if all constitutional rights can be maintained. Is it tr ten I think not. Happily, the human mind is so constituted that no party can reach to»the audacity of doing this,. Think, if you can, of a single instance in which a plainly written provision of the constitution has been denied. If, by the mere force of numbers, a majority shall deprive a minority of any clearly written constitutional right, it might, in a moral point ^f-view, justify a revolution. It certainly would if such a right were a vital one, but such is not our case. All the vital rights of minorities, of individuals, are so plainly assured to them by affirmation and regulations, guaranties and prohibitions im tlie Constitution, that controversies never arise concerning them. But

Ivukvi rue, then, that any right, plainly wi-it-,en in the constitution has been denied?.

110organic

cach

law can beTramed

with a provision specifically applicable to any question which may occur in practical administration. No-foresight can anticipate,' nor any' document of reasonable length contain, express provisions for all possible questions. Shall fugitives -from -labor be sul*r,ehdered by National-or.State authority?. The^Constitutibri does not expressly say. May Congress prohibit slavery in the Territories? The Constitution does not expressly say. Must. Congress :protect slavery inithe Territories? .Tho-Con-stitution does not expressly say. From questions of this class spring all our constitutional controversies, and- rwe divide upon them.:into majorities andminorities.: If the minority will not acquiesce, the majority niust, or the Government must cease. There is no other alternative: for continuing the Government, buti acquiescence on the one. side,or the other. .If a: minority in such a case will, secede, rather than acquiesce, they make a preciderit which in ^urri will divide and ruin thehi—-Hfcr aminority of their own will secede froni

For in-

this. "Is there siich a perfect identity of interest among the States to compose a new Union, as to produce harmony only, and prevent renewed secession 'Plainly the central idea of secession is the essence of anarch}-—a majority held in restraint by .Constitutional checks and Limitations, and always changing easily witlr'the deliberate changes' of popular opinion and: sentiments, is the only true sovereigaty of a freo people. Whoever, rejects it, does of necessity fly to anarchy or despotism. Unanimity is impossible. The rule of a minority, as a paramount arrangement, is wholly inadraissable so that rejecting the majority principle, anarchy and despotism in some form is all that is left. I do not forget the position assumed by sonic that constitutional questions are to be decided by th such cas obj en sid oil Ar.d while it is obviously possible that such decisions may be erroneous in any given case, .still the evil effect following it being limited to that particular ease, with the chance that it may be overruled, and never, become a precidcnt for other cases, it can better be borne than could the'evil of a different practice.

At the same time the candid citizen must confess that if the policy of the

u^.iA,LrLofthe

ocably fixed by decisions Supreme Court, the instant they are made in ordinary litigation between parties in personal actions, the people will have ceased to be their own ruiers, having to that extent practically resigned their Government into the hands of that tribunal. Nor is there in this view any assault on the Court or udges. It is a duty from which they may not shrink to decide cases properly brought before them, and it is no fault of theirs if others seek to turn their decisions to political purposes. One section of our country believes slavery is right and ou«-ht to be extended, while the other bcHeves it is wrong, and ought not to be extended. This is the only substan ti \l dispute, for. the Fugitive Slave clause of the Constitution, and the laws for the suppression of African Slave trade, are cach as well enforced, perhaps, us any laws can ever be in a community where the moral sense of the peov.-ty imperfectly supports tho law

Will the great body of thepeo-

pleatH4t bjjf^the dry legal obligations in both cases, better alter the separaa foreign slave trade, now imperfectiy supnressed, would be ultimately

10-

viveel without- restriction iu one section, while fugitive slaves now oniy nartially surrendered, would not be surrendered at ali by the other. Physical!}* speaking, we cannot separate: cannot remove our respective sections from

other, nor build an impassa

ble wall between them. The husband and wife may be divorced and go out of the presence and beyond the reach of cach other, but the different parts of our country cannot do thi* they cannot but remain face to facc. and an intercourse, either amicable or hostile, must continue between them.

Is itpossible then to make that intercourse more advantageous or. more, satisfactory after seperaling them than before? (Jan aliens make treaties easier than friends can make laws? Can treaties be more faithfully enforced betweed aliens than laws among friends? Suppose you go to war, you cannot fifrht always, and when after much loss on both, sides there is nogain on either you cease fighting the old iden.tic.c question as to terms of intercourse is again upon you. This country with its institutions belong to the people who inhabit it, Whenever they shall grow weary of the existing government, they can exercise their constitutional right of amending it, or their revolutionary ri«rht to dismemberer overthrow it. 1 cannot be ignorant of the fact that many worthy, and patriotic citizens are desirous of having the national constitution amende.! and while I recommend- no amendments, I recognize the rightful authority of the people over the. wholo subject, to be exercised in either of the modes prescribed in the instrument itself, and I should under existing circumstances favor, rather than oppose, a fair opportunity being offered the people to act upon it. I will venture to add that to me the course would seem preferable inasmuch as'it allows the amendment to originate with the people themselves instead only of permitting them to take or reject a proposition by others not especially chosen for the "purpose, and which might not be precisely such as they would wish to either accept or rejoet. I understand a proposed amendment to the Constitution, which amendment however I have not seen, has passed

Congress to the effect that the

Federal

Government shall never inter-

fei-e With the domestic institutions of the State, including tlikt of persons held to sot vice. To avoid ft misconstruction of what I have said I depart from my purpose to spe?k of particular amendments so far as to say that hold-in"-such a provision- as that now* implfod

Constitutional law,' I have ho

objection to its

being

made irrevocable.

The'chief magistrate derives all his authority from the people, and they have conferred none upon him to fix terms for the seperation of the States. The people themselves can do this

the}T choose but the executive as such has nothing to do with it. His* dutyis to administer the pi cecnt! -Government as it came to liis hands, and to transmit- it: unimpaired by him to his successors Why-should thero not be a patient.confidence in th© ultimate justice of. this:rpieople? IS there any better or an equal hope in the world?

In our present differences is cither "©ut .faith? If the Almighty "Ruler of nati'ons, with his eternal •truth aiid jdsfcVcso will be on our side of th$/.North or your side at the South,.that truth /md justice will surely prevail by the "judgment of this great tribunal, the American people. By the form of the Government under which we live, this same people' have

the right side in the dispute, there still is no single good rcaaon for precipitate action.

At fivo minutes before twelve o'clock Vice President Breckinridge and Senator Foote. of the committee of arrange-: ments, entered the Senate Chamber escorting the Vice President elect, Hon. Hannibal Hamlin,whom they conducted to a scat immediately to the left of the chair of the President of the Senate.

Mr. Breckinridge then administered the oath of offico to ico President Hamlin.

Hon. Mr. CIingliam was then 'sworn in as Senator from the State of North Carolina Clark, from New Hampshire: Chase of Ohio Harris, of New 1 ork

inith, of Oregon, and Mitchcil,.of Ar kansas. At 15

minutes past

The various bodies of United States troops now hero were stationed in different parts of the city, the sappers and .miners alone being in. the procession. ,,v

Scott, it is said, was near the Capitol with Capt, Barry's company, of light artillery, Maj. Haskins commanding, acting as infantry. The officers were continually passing to,and fro, and itis said-the Geneija,! was heard to exclaim, "Everything ,is going on peaceably. Thank God-Almighty for it."

mssxx

.-wisely given-thoir public servants, but a declaration of wiai\ little power for mischief,and have with At Yicksburg it is regarded unfayor-V equal wisdom provided for tho return abiy, and generally considered" a silly-'-, of that little into their hands at very production. short intervals. While the people re-i At XeW Orl tain their virtue and

vigilance, no aa- demntd. {-*iW

ministration in any extreme of wick-j At I^ouisvilie, Union men al-e" rather idnfcB§rbr foliy, cafi very "seribusly in- (favorably impressed with it, wEfl§syiffjure the, Gpyernipeyy,i^Uat^sl^vort space pathizers with the ..Southern^Confed*^ of four y^ars. eracy think it is a decleration of war. „-My countrymen, one and all, think calmly.and-w-cll upon this whole sub ject nothing valuable can be lost bj" taking time if there be an object to hurry an}- of 3'ou in hot haste to a step which you would never take deliberately, that object will bo frustrated by taking'time but 110 g.^od object can bo frustrated by it. Such of vou as are

and not mine is the momentous issue of for £jie mentioned States who shall cause a jury to'be impannelled- to try whether such fugitive owes labor or service, the fugitive being entitled to aid of counsel for presenting evideneo at the cost of the United States. Upon such finding the Judge shall render -judgment, causing the fugitive to bo delivered to the claimant, 01 to bo do-, livered to the place where arrested,:at

civil war: the Government will not assail you you can have no conflict without being yourselves the aggressors, vOu have no oath registered in heaven to destroy this Government, while I shall have the most solemn one to preserve, protect and defend it. 1 am loth to close. We are not enemies, but friends. We must not be enemies. Though passion may have n(,v^j the expense ofthe government ^Ifthe strained, it must not break the bonds o» jucjge

broad land will yet swell the chorus of -uss

the Union when again touched as surely as they will be by the better angles ol our nature.

ABE AHA LINCOLN.

E3152E5TSE CROWE?.

Sccne at llae InaiEg-iiiratiojs.'

WASHINGTON, March 4.

The morning was a clear and beauti ful one. The order of arrangements as'settled by the committee was a3 -follows:

To the left of the Yice President were the committees of arrangements, immediately behind them were the heads of the various departments of the Government. Senators, Members and Members ofec-t_oi~the House, officers of the army and navy, Governors of.the-States and Territories, Comptrollers, Auditors. Registers and Solicitors of the Treasury to the right 0! tho Vice President were the Judges of the Supreme Court,, members of the Diplomatic Corps. EX-Govem0rs of the States, Assistant Secretaries of the Departments, Asst. P. M. Gen., Assistant Treasurer, Commissioners, Judges and the Mayors of Washington and Georgetown.

Ilarlan. ofIowa Howe circuits: biifrchitive to levying iiVridge, of ivy. .Lane,

inu., INCS-H

Marshal-in-

chief, Mayor.B. B. Frank, entered the chamber, ushering th.e President and President elect-—they had entered together from tho street through a private covered passage way on the novtn side of the Capitol, polico officers being in'attendance to. prevent outsiders from crowding after them, •After the procession had reached the platform. Senator Baker, of Oregon, introduced Mr. Lincoln to tho assembly, when he unfolded his manuscript and read his inaugural in a clear, loud voice. The ceremony of fhe inauguration throughout, was exceedingly impressive. ^At -the- conclusion of ceremonies the President was escorted to the Senate. Chamber and thence to the Whito llpuse.. Everything passed oil' q_uiotiy.

concourse of Volunteer soldiery were.halted and stoodjr at rest during the delivery of the-inaugural. irf1

Caiiiisg Affray. J.

The Lafayette Courier of yesterday, says, a young man named Kellogg, of Grawfordsville/got into an affray with Edi^ard Mdcej of that city, on the Mar^ ket'Spii'c6 'afternoon,'ancl was cut Wrth a knife in three places. The wounds are severe, but not dangerous.

The Iiaaiag"uralat the South. $?} 2?A9Hvii/LE, March 5. Opiniorii'dn Lincoln's inaugural oro unfftvorabto. It is believed he will retake the forts and forcibly collect rev-enue.--*.Opinions are somewhat unsettled by its reception at Washington.— People are waiting: for tho document in full.

In Mississippi the people consider it

•rleans it Is. generally coa^

Fi'om Washington.

WASHINGTON, March 1.

The following is an abstract of amendments to the act for the rendition of fugitives from Iabor which passed'*5 [the House yesterday:.. Every person, produced before..a~ for^thc

arrested shall

Intelligence,' patriotism, christiatity 'and firm reliance on Him who has never yet forsaken this favored land are still competent to adjust in the best way all your present ^difficulties. shall produce tho said fugitive before your hands my dissatisned countrymen.j

consider is ted JJWCS '"iing lory tin court

shall give to such claimants-orjogent a certificate ofsuch facts and ifsuchfugir live n-vers that he is free, such aver-' ment shall be entered on certificate, and the.fugitive shall be delivered to the Marshal of the State from which tho fugitive is ascertained to have fled, who

ono t{-j0

judges of the circuit court

not

offection. The mystic chords of mem-] jie may cause another jury to 'try, forthory springing from every• battle with, v.-hose verdict shall be final.—and patriot grave to every lov ing q-j. section also imposes a fine on tho. heart and hearthstone, all oyer this 1 .}Iiirsljal

satisfied with the verdict,

j10 does not fulfil the duty

{).necj

to him in this act,

Section second enacts that no citizje'tr? hail be compelled to aid tho Marshal

or owner 111 capturing, unless force is employed for releasing the fugitive from the Marshal: also fixing-ieo for commissioners at 810.

Senators Wigfall and Hemphill g^ve'f notice that they will withdraw from.t the Senate to-morrow, they being convinced that the Texas ordinance-of «e-i? cession is ratified by the people.

Indiana i^cg-islature.

legislative Surasaary. TUESDAY, Feb. 2d.. 18(51. SENATE.—Petitions were presented" on our Federal Relations asking for, the establishment of additional branches by the Bank of the State asking for a law giving attornies liens fors their fees, all of which, were referred..

Committees reported amendments to House biil^-egardmg promissory notes and other instruments of writing in favor of the bi.ll. prohibiting clerks, of courts and their deputies from practicing law in certain cases in favor of tho IIouso bill providing compensation to clerks and sheriffs for extra services in favor of the bill amending.tho crininai practice act: amendments toilouso bill for the formation of new counties,and the change of county boundaries, ail of which were concurred in and the. bili named in the last mentioned report ordered to a third reading, when it passed. Laying on the tabic a Senate bill changing county boundaries, &c. amendments to the bill regulating tho fees of county officers in favorl'bf tl.16 bill providing for a change of times in •holding the court of common pleas in

Lawrence county indefinitely postpone ing a bill amending the act providing., for a treasury system amendments, to^. tho bill providing for stationery, postage and newspapers for the members of the Legislature, the publication^ of reports, &c. in favor of the bill fixing the times of holding courts in tho 16thr

and collecting of taxes in cities reported back and ordered to be engrossed?in favor of the bill relative to the collection of delinquent taxes in cities amendments to the'bill amcnuing .the general law for the incorporation of cities

which

were severally concurred

in. The bill authorizing the formation ot nursery and horticultural companiesrecommcndcd to be laid on the tftbloK but was recommitted

for

Additional reports

amendiperst^

Bills were introduced to create the 22d common pleas judicial district requiring the State Printer to furnish the pa% per used by him for tho State, amend-:-ing the.law licensing traveling shows, peddlers, stock brokers, ferries, &c., which were severally ordered to ond reading. ...

The report of the minority of tho Committee 011 Federal Relations having been made a special order foi clock, it was taken tip and an amend-^ mentproposed instructingour Commissioners to the Peace Congress to voto for the Crittenden proposition or spmo other basis of compromise. The aepoij rM.orincfd nmendment w.ecfi and the proposed amendment then postponed until Tuesday evening ill 7? O ClOClC. *4-i-nrra-

fr0'^Cf^X

were made amending a bvll for tlit, te lief of borrowers of the several tiust funds, and in favor ofthe hill fi«ngthe times of holding courts,in the^lbtU udicial Circuit, which were' severally concurred in.

Nearly all the afternoon was spen in consideration of the school bill, troduced by the Committee on Ldaw-. tion, when it was

recommitteu

rious amendments

proposed.

Several joint committees "wtic nounced, when the^Senate'adjourned.

C^BW».N«W Coo»i.-5h«. term oT the Comm

an*

1 ssHj.ners.

tiow in session.

Cour.t^ia.