Crawfordsville Review, Crawfordsville, Montgomery County, 20 September 1890 — Page 6

tective policy, but it is due to the marvelous inventions that have been made •with reference to everything manufactured. MACHINERY AND TI1E COST

OF PROTEC"

TION.

In 1815 it would take a weaver 60 hours to make 45 yards of cotton shirting, worth $18, and he received as wages |3. With our improved machinery he can now make in the same length of time 1,440 yards, worth $108, for which he received $5 wages. So his wages have increased 66% percent, and the productive power of his labor 500 per cent but the value of the cloth has fallen in price from 40 cents a yard to 7 cents. In 1815 it took one hand 60 hours to make three pounds of spool cotton yarn, worth $2.25. But today one hand can make 3,000 pounds in 60 hours, worth $450. A spinner in 1815 received $3.66 for a week's work, but today he gets about $9. So the wages of the spinner have increased 20oper cent and the value of, his produet 20,000 per cent.' A number of instances with reference to every line of manufacture might be cited. A gentleman told me few days ago, who claimed to be skilled in the making of barbed wire that ten years ago it took two men all day to place barbs on from three to four hundred weight of wire but today two men working with machinery can place barbs on 3,000 to 4,000 pounds of wire. In the manufacture of wall paper with improved machinery it is said that one man now can do as much as one hundred used to do. In the past ten or fifteen years by the use of hammers in the manufacture of steel, there has been a dis placement of employes it is said in the proportion of nearly 10 to 1. So any number of instances might be cited showing that the labor cost due to in ventions has caused a remarkable decrease in the cost of production.

Mr. Benjamin Butterworth, a good Republican from Ohio, in his late speech explodes the fallacy of the Republicans upon this point. And Senator PIUTOD, of Kansas, another Republican has also had occasion to recently state that the whole tendency of civilization is towards the reduction of prices of everything which results from human labor. So the argument of the protectionists in favor of a home market theory, that the tariff is not a tax, that a high protective tariff reduces the price of manufactured goods, are so palpably eroneouB in the main, that many of the most prominent Republicans in the United States have openly declared against their former arguments.

RECIPROCITY.

As Proposed it is a Delusion and a Snare For Farmers. RECIPROCITY.

Now, a great deal will be said no doubt about reciprocity during this campaign, and a tariff speech would certainly be very incomplete without some reference to this late proposition. Mr. James G. Blaine in commenting on the McKinley bill said that there was not a line in it that would secure a market for another bushel of wheat. or another barrel of pork. Mc.-lfiaiiie is a strategetic politictoin. He se»s that the agricultural pofcple are losing their markets in all

Arts of the world due to our high proIbitory tariff, and he further had the sagacity to see that unless there was a change of front—a change of stage scenery—by the protectionists that the people would speedily and utterly overthrow this so-called protective policy, and so he has set about to hedge- against that which seems to be the inevitable consequences of the times, and he declares that there ought to be some reciprocity between this and the Latin nations south of us, and other countries in Central and South America. We Democrats believe in a broader policy. We believe in encouraging trade with all the nations of the earth, and finding markets for the products of our farms and shops whereever we can find them. We do notbelieve in a prohibitory tariff. Now, would reciprocity with these southern countries help to any considerable extent the agricultural people of the United States, who have been the greatest sufferers by this policy? I submit that it would not. I submit that the beneficiaries of rcciprocity between this and the Latin nations South of us would accrue to the manufacturers, and that it is but another effort to give them additional assistance. It is a known fact that we do not sell to the countries south of us $10,000000 worth of agricultural products annually. The Argentine Republic, of South America, exports wheat and corn. Senator Plumb testifies to this. Its great pampas and prairies furnish subsistence for the greatest herds of cattle and sheep. Cattle can be raised for their hides and horns—sheep for their pelts. Chili is a great wheat producing country. So we cannot hope to find a market of any considerable consequence for agricultural products in South America, because they are essentially an agricultural people themselves. Of course, it would be well to trade with the people of South America. It would be well to trade them our railroad iron, our agricultural implements, and all manner of manufactured goods, and take their hides out of which to make our shoes, and their wool out of which to make out course clothes and carpets, and their log wood, and their coffee, and their sugar and soch-tilings as we cannot produce ourselves in sufficient quantities to supply the needs of our people.

BECTPHOCITY WITH CANADA. The point I am making is'that the ag ricultural people who are now seeking markets for their farm products, which have been rapidly decreasing in value for the past 15 or 20 years, would not be materially benefitted by reciprocity with South America. They would be more (benefitted by reciprocity with Canada. •In 1888 we sold agricultural products to Canada nearly $21,000,000 worth, and she in turn sold us agricultural products to the value of $17,340,000. So there was a balance of over $4,000,000 in our favor in the year

1888. In the Jfiflt 40 years the balance

IINDERQORJNS. TH* sure cuNjto

6f trade in favor of the United States with Canada has been over $252,000,000. It is true that she sold us about $2,000,000 worth of eggs in 1888, and we in turn sold her wheat and other grain to the value of nearly $7,000,000, It is quite evident that the farmers of the United States would be more benefited by reoiorocity between the United States and Canada than the farmers of Canada would be benefited. «But Canada has but 5,000,000 people, and so she can consume but a very small part of our surplus agricultural products. Then where will we have to find a market 4or our agricultural products? Is it hot in the over-crowded countries of the old world. France has about 200 people to the square mile Germany has about 250 people to the square mile, and England and Wales have about 400 people to the square mile, while the United States has but 17 people to the square mile. OUR FARMERS' MARKETS ARE IN EUROPE.

We have refused to trade on amicable terms with the over-populated countries which I have named and they in turn for the last few years, due to our high prohibitory tariff, have been seeking the articles of subsistence in other parts of the world than the United States. In fact, we do not sell England near so much today as we did in former years. In 1881 we sent abroad $730,000,000 worth of farm products, and last year we sent abroad but $530,000,000, and yet we had 12,000,000 more than in 1881. So it is quite evident that we are losing our markets in the old world, and

rem^ber"theafact that tiieC,price1o^wheat I

WHEAT EXPORTS DECREASING. In 1880 our farmers exported wheat and flour of aggregate value of $210, 000,000 while Russia and India, two great wheat producing countries, exported wheat of the value of $64,000,000. In 1888 our farmers shipped abroad wheat and flour of the value of $98,000,000, while Russia and India exported wheat of the value of $155,000,000. So there was a balance against our farmers to the extent of $57,000,000 but the Republicans propose to cure all these ills by taking millions of dollars out of the public Treasurv and giving it to steam-ship lines. We know that these things have never resulted in anything but the corruption of our politics and great national scandles. If we would enter upon amicable terms of trade with the chief nations of the earth by the reduction of our tariff duties, and the lowering of this tariff wall, then our people would get cheaper manufactured articles, and our farmers would have better markets for their products. The manufacturers would not be then selling their manufactured products from 25 to 50 per cent cheaper to foreigners than they are selling them to our own people. Senator Plumb, of Kansas, remarked in a speech the other day that the Ames spade made in Massachuetts could be bought south of the Rio Grande river from 50 to 75 cents cheaper than in the United States. Along the line of Canada, American goods are sold to foreigners much cheaper than they are sold to our own people. The fact is, that under this protective policy our manufacturers have in many instances banded themselves into trusts and combines, have broken down competition, and have become defiant monopolists. But it is proposed to satisfy the farmers by talking to them about reciprocity with South America, and then leave it to the President of the U. S. to say whether we shall have reciprocity with South America. It is also proposed to satisfy the farmers by placing a tax on eggs, so that the people of Canada cannot bring over their eggs and trade for the farmer's wheat. It is also proposed to satify the farmer by laying a tax of 3 cents ahead on cabbage, and by increasing the tax on wheat from 20 to 25c per bushel, when there is scarcely no wheat ynported into the U. S.,there being but 1,946 bushels imported last year. They also propose to help him by increasing the tax on corn from 10 to 15c a bushel. There wero but 2,388 bushels imported last year. They are also going to help the farmer by paying a bounty of one dollar a pound for reeled silk.

BILK AND 8UGAK3^"

Now, I am a member to the Committan

on Agriculture, and I have looked very carefully intact this silk culture question as wdl as into other matters affecting agriculture and 1 have discored that the government has paid out in the last fifteen or twenty years $130,000 for the purpose of en couraging silk culture in the United States. Out of this investment in its various silk culture stations it has only received 135 pounds of reeled silk.

Fellow-citizens, it seems to me that a $1,000 a pound is too much for reeled silk. It certainly shows how absolutely idle it is to appropriate thousands of dollars of the people's money for purposes of silk culture with such meagre re suits.

IB it not better for the farmers to let other people in other countries better adapted to silk culture than ours produce our raw silk, and let our farmers in turn pay for it with their agricultural products, and thereby give our farmers additional markets? It is also proposed to pay a bounty on sugar of 2 cents a pound, which will, in all probability take out of the public Treasury of the United States annually not less than $7,500,000. This is certainly very unjust. Would it not be as just to pay a bounty to the producers of corn as to the producers of sugar? Would it not be equally as just to pay the farmers of the United States who produce annually about 2,000,000,000 bushels of corn a bounty of 15 cents a bushel, which would turn into their coffers $300,000,000 annually, and pay to

hoJJr°duceabrt

in Liveroool. less the freight acrnRs tho 000 bushels of wheat annually, a bounty of 2o cents a bushel, which would yield annually to them $125,000,000? I want to say in conclusion without argu-

in Liverpool, less the freight across the ocean, is the .price in Now York, we are bound to know that this high tax system which breaks down trade between this and the Old World is highly injurious to our agricultural people.

There is another idea that occurs to my mind with reference to trade. The cotton-producing states send abroad of raw cotton about $250,000,000 worth last year, and $148,000,000 worth of this cotton went to England $41,000, 000 worth to Germany, $24,000,000 worth to France, and lees than $1,500, 000 to the countries south of us. So where will we find a market for our raw cotton? Is this a mattes of any conseuence to the farmers of the north? ['here is not a farmer north of Mason's and Dixon's line but what knows that almost hundreds of millions of dollars worth of farm products produced in the north, wheat, corn, bacon, lard and all kinds of farm products in the great west, and northwest are sent every year into the cotton states of the south to be there consumed by the laboring people. We not only send bur provisions and cereals down to those peopel, but we send them our horses and mules—horses and mules that have been substantially worn out in the north. They are shipped to the south and sold to those poor peole who work on the cotton plantations, contend, therefore, that the farmers of the United States have every reason to want to increase their markets with the over populated countries of the Old World. Great Britian buys'more of our farm produces than any other nation of the world. We sold her last year nearly $30,000,000 worth of cattle over $23,000,000 worth of corn, $31,000,000 worth of wheat $35,000,000 worth of wheat, flour, and, as I have before remarked $148,000,000 worth of cotton. What is this loss of market doing for us?' In 1879, when we produced as much wheat as we produced this year, we sold it at $1.33 per bushel in New York, and in 1888 we only received 85 cents per bushel. Due to our policy of trade other countries have taken from the agricultural people of the United States their markets.

ing further, that the tariff policy that is now proposed by the Republican party is certainly the most unsatisfactory, the most destructive to trade, the most uneven in the imposition of its burdens, of any ever imposed in the history of our country.

JEFFERSONIAN DEMOCRACY.' When I meditate about this system my mind goes back to the great principles announced by Jefferson before the adoption of the Federal constitution. He went to the Old World and met the French philosophers. I have read some where that it was proposed to establish a Democratic form of government in the united colonies, a republic, and a French philosopher said to Mr. Jefferson, "Do you not know that all of the Republics have perished from the face of the earth? Do you not know that the only governments that, have ever withstood the shocks of the centuries have been strong centralized governments, controlled by the rich. Mr. Jefferson, I ask you how you would found your republic in order that it may endure? Mr. Jefferson said in substance, for I do not remember his exact words: "I would lay the foundation of the republic deep down in the eternal principles of right. I would BO construct the government that it would do equal and exact justice to all men, and give special privileges to none.

My fellow-countrymen, should not this be our aim at this time? We who are la boring to this end have received much encouragement of late, and some discouragement not long ago. Mr. Cleveland in the campaign of 1888 was defeated in an effort to restore to all our people the government of Jefferson He .was defeated because he believed tlrat taxes should be laid for public purposes, ,and because he believed that the Supreme Court of the United States told the truth when it said: "To lay with one hand the power of the government on the property of the citizen, and with the other bestow it upon favored individuals to aid private enterprises and build up private fortunes is none the less a robbery because it is done under the forms of law and is called taxation. There can be no lawful tax which is not laid for public purposes."

DROVER CLEVELAND

made a noble fight for tariff reform in 1888, and like Caesar of old, he fell at the base of the statue. He fell at the base of the statue of Jefferson, and upon his body were many wounds inflicted by the corporations and monopolies of this country, but every wound hath a tongue that cries out against the outrages that now oppress the people. But unlike Caesar, Cleveland is not dead. He is the"livest" man of this generation and he lives as no other living man lives—in the hearts of the American people, and it is because they know he is a patriotic, just and able man who believes that a public office is a public trust.

Before I take my leave of you 1 want to say that as your representative I have done the best I could. I have tried to be faithful in the discharge of the duties of the trust that you have confided to my keeping. I have not only attempted to labor earnestly for the welfare of all the peopla whom I have the honor to represent, but I have tried to attend promptly and efficiently to all matters of an individual nature to which every man, woman and child has seenfit to call my attention. To the soldiers I have tried to do a faithful service. Of course the soldiers know what I have done with reference to pension matters. I voted for a service pension bill—the per diem bill. I thought it was the more just and proper measure. In the light of the fact that a service pension had been given to the soldiers of the Revolution, of the war of 1812, and the Mexican war. When the per diem bill was defeated, I then voted or the dependent pension bill, for I thought if we could not accomplish what I conceived to be the proper legislstipn, then we should take the next best thing. I might also remark in tnis connection that I have given special attention to something over 2,100 individual pension cases since the 20th day of last September, and perhaps I ought also to remark that due to the fact that a very large number of the employes of the Pension Office are now away on their summer leaves of absence, I have notsecured prompt answers in every instance to some of my late calls. But I must conclude.

I promise you in all sincerety that if you return me as your representative to the 52nd. Congress that I will use my very best endeavors to make you a good and faithful representative. Thanking you for your considerate attention, I bid

time to come

POLITICAL PRINCIPLES.

Platform Adopted by the Conventiou Which. Renominated E. V. Brookshire,

James A. Mount and the Principal Planks of the Republican Platform.

Platform Adopted by the F.M. of Vermillion County. lV

Following is the platform of principles adopted by the convention ol the Democracy of the Eighth district held at Terre Haute July 22, 1890, at which Elijah V. Brookshire was unanimously renominated for Congress.

The Democracy of the Eighth Congressional District of Indiana, in conbintion assembled, believing that upon thoir triumph and succoss depend the welfare, prosperity and happiness of the people, reaffirm their allegiance to the time-hon-ored principles of the Democratic party.

We believe in the capability of the people for self-government that to them, and them alone, can bo entrusted the supervision and management of the elections of their representatives in congress, and we denounce the federal election bill now pending in the Senate, by which the Republican party seeks to appoint partisan supervisors and marshals to dominate over them in the control of their most sacred concerns, to arrest them without warrant, to imprison them without indictment, to construe their laws, to count their votes, to tabulate their returns, and to issue certificates of elections to their representatives, as subversive of free government, destructive of thair rights and liberties, and intended only to perpetuate in power, in defiance of the will of the people, the present tyrannical, corrupt, and despotic rule of the representatives of bounties to capital, subsidies to corporations, and protection to monopolres, by a Bystem of taxation which has robbed the laborer of his earnings, the farmer of his productions, and the people of their wealtn.

We affim our belief that the power of taxation conferred by the people of the state upon the Federal Government was to enable it to lay and collect taxes to pay the debts* and provide for the common defense and general welfare, and not for the purpose of empowering it to tax one industry or class for the benefit and support of another, and we denounce the bill now pending in the senate known as the McKinley bill which proposes to tax the corn and wheat growers of the west to pay bounties to the sugar producers of other sections which seeks to prohibit the agricultural classes from disposing ef their surplus products to the people of other countries upon fair terms of trade and exchange. A bill in which Secretary Blaine says, "there is not a section on the line that will open a market for another bushel of wheat or another barrel of pork." which levies exorbitant rates upon woolen clothing and other necessaries while exempting works of art and luxury from the burdens of taxation which seeks to prohibit the importation of materials, which constitute the basis of large and growing industries in this country and which are not produced by us, but purchased abroad with the productions of our farms and mechanics and which is avowedly intended to prevent trade and commerce, for the enrichment of monopolies and the further concentration of the wealth of the country in the hands of a few to the impoverishment of the many, as oppressive, unjust and unconstitutional.

We believe in the free and unlimited coinage of gold and silver, and we denounce the present Republican Administration for having failed to redeem its promise to restore silver ttfits use as money but, instead, providing for the suspension of the coinage after the 1st day of July, 1891.

We believe that the public domain should be reserved for homesteads for actual settlers, and that thelands granted as subsidies to railroad corporations, which were not earned in strict conformity with the terms of the grant, should be declared forfeited, and we denounce the repeated acts of the Republican Senate in refusing to pass the bills of a Democratic House declaring forfeited more than 54,000,000 acres of unearned lands and we also emphatically denounce the action of trie present Republican Congress in declaring forfeited those lands coterminous with the uncompleted portion of such railroads, amounting to about 5,000,000 acres of land, and doing this solely on the demand of the land grant railroad companies for the purpose of confirming their titles to the great body of their grants, and also doing this with a full knowledge of the fact that the officials of the government intend, immediately upon the taking effect of said act, to issue patents to said corporations for the remaining 49,000,000 acres, which will forever coflrm their title thereto.

We believe in the right of each and every citizen to enjoy the rewards of his toil and industry, subject only to the demands of the government for a juBt and economical administration of public affairs that the power of taxation was conferred to enable the government to protect the people in the enjoyment of the fruits of their labor, and not to empower it to plunder them and we denounce that the policy of the Republican party, which seeks to enact prohibitory duties for the destruction of trade with other countries, and, at the same time, appropriates millions of dollars of their earnings as subsidies to steamship lines under the pretense of restoring the sa,me which closes our rivers and harbors to the trade and commerce of foreign nar tions, and at the same time expends millions of dollars annually to improve them for the reception of the same.

We arraignthe present Republican administration, not only for its gross and wilful violation of its pretensions in favor of civil service reform by the removal of competent and faithful officers before the expiration of their terms, but for the appointment to office of notor-

V"«~

B. A.

corrupt men and for its reward of un- also believe that all persons using govscrupulouB partisans because of the. ernment lands, such as grazing of cattlo corrupt connection with the elections of and other stock, should be required to 1888, in contributing large- sums jay a fair rental value for the use of such money to poison the ballot and deba* a lands, that it may in a certain measure electors. We denounce it for its f.- -e I correspond with state and county taxes promises to the soldiers of the late ,.r, k'vied upon farming and grazinir "lands of their widows and their orphans. he older states.

We denounce it for the payment of 13. Resolved, That wecommend the last stale and fraudulent claims for large legislature of the State of Indiana for amounts, while denying to just claim-! the passage of the laws reducing the ants for small sums a hearing. rate of interest upon school fund loans

We denounce it for prostituting the and for the

Census Bureau to secure partisan information, to the neglect of a correct and complete census in all sections of the country, and invite the honest people of all classes, industries and parties, to join us in our efforts to reform and correct these great abuses and wrongs.

The Democracy of this district, in convention assembled, are more than well pleased with the way in which the Hon. Elijah V. Brookshire has discharged the duties of the trust confided to his keeping. They endorse his votes' and his speeches in congress as expressions of sound Democracy, and commend him to the people of the district as a faithful, honest and able representacive.

The resolutions were unanimously adopted.

F. M. B. A. PLATFORM.

Adopted by Vermillion County i. Assembly at Clinton, July 8th, 1990.

Whereas, we, members of the Farmers Mutual Benefit Association of Vermillion county, state of Indiana, in convention assembled this day, fully realizing that Agriculture is the basis of all the prosperity and wealth of civilized peoples, and especially that the prosperity of those who cultivate'the soil and

Whereas, embracing, as we do, the largest element of our population, and realizing that in the past, as in the present, we have been discriminated against in favor of the manufacturing, capital and other classes of the country do solemnly regard it as a duty we owe ourselves and our faidMes to associate together for protecTOn from oppressions and wrongs, and declare that we will no longer be instruments in the hands of scheming politicians and designing men to further accomplish our ruin.

I. Resolved, That we denounce that system of legislation, resulting in the contraction of the volume of currency, thereby enhancing the value of money and securities ana lessening the value of all other kinds of property, thus increasing the burdens of the debtors and the prQducing classes. 2 Resolved, That we demand the free and unlimited coinage of silver, and a further increase in the circulating medium of our country, equal to not less than $50.00 per capita, and that all monies issued, whether, gold, silver or paper, shall be of equal value, and full legal tender in payment of all debts, public and Iprivate. 3 Resolved, That we most earnestly protest againBt the passage of the bill now before the U. S. Senate, known as the McKinley bill, which by its provisions increases tariff taxation ana hurl back with scorn the proposed increase of the tariff on agricultural products, which we regard as hypocritical and an insult to our intelligence, well knowing that no amount of such protection could have any effect upon such products and that we demand from our senators and Congressmen that they shall use their every effort to secure a reduction in such tariff taxation, as will relieve the great producing classes from the unjust burdens of taxation on all articles of common necessity. 4. Resolved, That the associations known as trusts, and other combinations for the maintenance of artificial and unhealthy prices, shall be declared as conspiracies against the common welfare, and we demand the enactment of such laws by state and national legislatures as will result in their extermination, and persons so engaging in these shall be punished as for crime. 5. Resolved, That we demand such legislation as will utterly destroy the dealings in futures of grain, and all gambling operatives in stock and grains, operating under the name of Board of Trades, etc. 6. Resolved, That we demand from our oficers, National, State and County, the strictest economy in the expenditure of puble monies, and further demand that the salaries of all officials shall be reduced to a sum commensurate with the labor performed, and than a system of fixed salaries be adopted. 7. Resolved, That when the fees and salaries of our State and County offices were fixed at the rates now prevailing, the prices of the farmer's products were nearly double present values, and we demand a fatr and proportionate reduction in such salaries. 8. Resolved, That we demand a constitutional amendment making U. S. Senators elective by a direct vote of the pedple. 9. Resolved, That we demand the passage of laws prohibiting the alien ownership of land and that congress take steps to obtain such lands owned by aliens and foreign syndicates, and that they be held for actual settlers only. 10. Resolved, That if it be just and right that our government should stretch out a favoring hand to national bankers and other capitalists, we deem it equally fair and just that public funds should be loaned to farmers at a low rate of Interest, secured by liens upon farms, not exceeding one-half their value, and to this view we endorse the bill offered by Senator Stanford in the U. S. senate.

II. Resolved, That we axe opposed to all forms of class legislation, and that the granting of subsidies to our industry, to be raised and paid by another is such legislation and can be fittingly termed licensed robbery, and we condemn the granting of bounties to certain commodities as unconstitutional and in conflict with the principles of right and justice. 12. Resolved, That we protest against the expenditures of public money in the irrigation and improvement of desert lands, as it is too clearlv in the intprput,

Bchool

book and election

laws, and we insist that our legislators shall maintain said laws. 14. Resolved, That the relief we seek and demand is to be found in the the election of representatives, State and National, we do mont earnestly de clare that we will Bupport no Candidate for such positions, who is not in sincere sympathy with us, and who will not pledge himself to truly and faithfully labor, and use his every influence to accomplish puch purposes- and we further demand that our candidates to the State legislature shall pledge themselves to vote for no man for U. S. Senator, who will not pledge himself to be faithfully govorned by above resolutions.

JAMES A. MOUNT.

and

The Republican Candidate His Platform. The Republican Convention which nominated James A. Mount-for Cougress was hold at Brazil on the lGth of Julv 1890. Following are the principal planks in the platform adopted by that convention: "The Republicans of the Eighth district reaffirm the principles of the party, as set forth in the Chicago platform. We approve the work of a Republican Congress in its legislation, which it is believed will result in tho greatest good to the greatest number. For this legislation the countey is indebted immeasurably to Hon. T. B. Reed. "The McKinley tariff bill, ac passed by the House, receives our warm approval and should receive the attention it deserves in the Senate without unnecessary delay. "We believe in a free vote and a fair count, and any measure that will tend to purify our elections and make them the fair expression of all the people meet our heartiest approval. Prompt action by the Senate on the pending bill is therefore demanded. "We most enthusiastically endorse the administration of President Harrison as being most eminently wise, pure and able.

CONG RESSMANBROOKSHIRE. A full and complete report of the speech delivered at the Court House Wednesday night by Congressman E. V. Brookshire will be found in this issue. Notwithstanding the inclemency of the weather the court house was crowded to its utmost capacity. More went away unable to get within seeing and hearing distance of the speaker than were able to hear him. It was a splendid audience. That it came out on such a night is evidence of the regard in which Mr. Brookshire is held by the people and shows the profound interest taken in the issues of the present canvass.

Certainly not in recent times have the lines which divide the Democratic and Republican parties been more sharply defined or wider apart. Democracy stands for individualism, for personal liberty, for local self government, for the idea that the individual is the great thing and that all governments from that nearest to thut most remote and established by him and derive all their powers from him by express grants.

Republicanism stands for centralization, for strong government, for the idea that the government is tho groat thing and that, power descends from it to the states, the counties, the towns and finally to the individual, who is at liberty to do only those things which the government permits.

Republicanism*'believes that it is the province of a partisan majority in the ways and means committee of Congress and the province of the President to regulate trade, taking from the citizens whom, in their aggregate and infinite stupidity, they deem to be making too much money in their businesses to give to others who have persuaded them that they are making too little in their businesses. •••.

Republicanism believes that the national government is inherently clothed with the power and is so much wiser and better than the people of the several localities that it is the province and the duty of the national government through its soldiery and federal machinery to control the elections.Vf^Jf^M

Republicanism is feeling its way to national control of education to national control of the appetites of men to national control of courts to national control of elections, just as it has been exercising national control of trade inter fering with that right to buy and sell with perfect freedom which is as natiira and inalienable aright as breathing.

The two parties are wide apart in principle. They are headed in different airections. starting out witn dmerent ideas of the aims and objects of government and of its powers, the conflict be ,7 tween them is irrepressible and an inreconcilable.

These matters Mr. Brookshire pointed out in his speech with a clearness of "4 reasoning, a cogency of logic, and an array of facts which deserve the widest possible attention. We are at pains to

'it*.*' i- 4 ''~'v 'J "f

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present his speech in full and would sug- if gest that all who get the paper read it carefully themselves and then send it to such of their friends as may not be so J', lor tun ate. Tt, i« nn nrannnl nf niwl lortunate. It is an arsenal of facts and argument*

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