Crawfordsville Daily Journal, Crawfordsville, Montgomery County, 28 August 1894 — Page 1

We Make A Profit

We have a splendid line of Clocks. What can we do for you

EAST MAIN STREET OPP. COURT HOUSE

S WEATHKP KBPORT—Fair, warmer.

Ross Bros.

Pittsburg, Pa., September 8-15

Tickets will be 011 sale September r.th to 10th, good returning until September 25th lf'.H. The best line from St. Louis, l'eoria, Cairo, Chicago, Indianapolis, Cincinnati. Dayton, Springfield, Columbus and intermediate points. Very low rates. For tickets and full information call 011 agents of ]!ig Four Route. LI. (). MOCOHMIOK, D. It. MAKTIN,

I'aps'r Truffle Mgrs. Hen. Puss. Tkt Agt •'mil FOl'lt HOI TIC" CINCINNATI, O.

GRAHAM & MORTON

TRANSPORTATION CO.

Lake and Kail Route to Chicago via St. Joseph.

The favorite passenger steamers "City or Chicago" and "Chlcora" make double dally trips between Ronton Harbor, St. Joseph and riilcago, connecting at St. Joseph with the Vandalia Rj\ Equipment and service the best and time less than by any other lake route. The folio wing schedule will be observed ou and aPer June 10:

Between t«t. Joseph and Chicago:—Leave bt Joseph iVandalla Dock) at 3 p. m., dally except Sunday (Sunday leave at 0 p. m.) and at p. m., »Ially Including Sunday. Leave Chleairo from dook foot or W«bush avenue aMMftOa. in. and 11 HO p. m., dally Sunday included also leave Chicago at 2 p. .n., Saturday only.

Milwaukee Division:—The Steamer Held will make tr'-weeklj trips between St. Joseph aud Milwaukee, leaving St.

Joseph (Vanda)ia Dock)

at 8 p.m.. Monday, Wednesday and Friday. Leave Milwaukee from Vandalla Dock, font of Broadway, Tuesday. Thursday aud Saturday at 7 p.m.

For Information as to througn rates of freight-or passage via these routes, apply to agentl Yaudalla Ity.

J. H. GRAHAM. President, Benton Harbor. Mich.

Promptness In Plumbing

Is a rare virtue,

$ But we have it.

WILLIAMS BROS.,

121 South Green Street.

Next to TIIK JOUKNAI. Building.

9 You Want

A. NICE NEW CLOCK?

At hard times prices, call at 1211 south Green trcct, opposlicMusic Hall. Also repalrlngof all kinds. All wora guaranteed. Call and see them.

Eugene Wilson.

On all our goods, but we try to make it fairly.

We don't believe in selling one .irticle at cost and putting a big profit on another. Try us and we will use you fairly and go out of our way to serve you.

M. C. Kline.

Time is Money.

Don't wait for a Shave, but go to tlie

Y. M. C. A. Barber Shop

Where there are six (irsl-elass operators.

Fruit Jars, Jelly Glasses,

Stew Kettles, Extra Tops, Rubbers,

Sealing Wax, Etc.

DIRT DEFIES THE KING.' THEN

SAPOLIO

IS GREATER THAN ROYALTY ITSELF.

COHRADES!

he Counteratgn 1»

Big Four"

TO TIIK— •.

28th

Annual

Encampment

G. A. R.

99e Store

ffBI MOST FlAHC'f, HOST BI1UTITUL AND MOST DUUBLB M08TU.

No S»oklaj*looa Coaplite, Without It.

This Ligatcr is practically automatic, as by the action of raising the handle you secure the flames. The col umn is handsomely marbleixed, highly polished, and can scarcely be detected, It so nearly represent* genuine marble. All the metal ornamentsaro nickel plated. It presents the appearance of a Lighter which rou could not reproduce (or Ave times our price to

you. It will pay for itself In saving gas, cleanliness, and the satisfaction of being always ready for light.

PRIOE, 916.00.

laternattonal Automatic Machine Co. 294-296 Main St., Cir/nati.

Agents Wanted for all kinds of Novtltles. ^61

The comparative value of these twocards I known to most persons. They illustrate that greater quantity Is

Not always most to be desired.

These cards express the beneficial quality of

Ripnns Tabules

As compared with any previously known

DYSPEPSIA CURB.

Ripans Tabules: Price, 50 cents a bojr, Of druggists, or by mail*

RIPANS CHEMICAL CO., 10 Spruce St., N.Y.

THEO. McMECH AW, DENTIST,

CllAWFOltDSVlLLK, INDIANA

Tendors his service to tho public. Molt good work and moderate nrlces.'

Shorthand

Free

Write to the Cr a or svllle Business Co 11 eg or full partlcua *8 of tho

Bookkeeping

Scholarships and Farmers' special course in Bookkeeping. Address P.O. Box 261

CrawfordsvUlo lad

VOHOS ROUTE.

VORTH

2:18 a.m Night ffixpress 1:50 a.m 1:00p.m Faswngor l:25p.m 2:50 p.m Local Freight 0:15 a.m

BIG 4—Peoria Division.

8:14 a.m 6:50p.m 5:02 p.m 12:45a.m. 1:50 a. H:29 a. 1:15 p. 1:15 p.m

VANDiLIA.

0:44 a 5:20 8:10

VOL. VII—NO. 47 ORAWFORDSVILLE, INDIANA, TUESDAY. AUGUST 2S, 1894

VOBTH

8:16 am 0:19 pm 2:33 pm

ON THE RACK.

George M. Pullman Before the Labor Commission.

MAIN POINTS IN HIS TESTIMONY.

He Admits His Company Has Not Lost Money This Year—Why Wages Were Cut Down—His Own Pay .Not Reduced.

PROGRESS OF THE INQUIRY. CHICAGO. Aug. 28.—George M. Pullman appeared before the national labor commission Monday us a voluntury witness. The president of the company which bears his name said the reasons fur reducing wages were purely a mutter of business as the manufacturing department was losing money. Ho saw no reason why the company, although It had this year declared a dividend of *28,00,000. should raise the wages of men in a department which was losing money. As to matters of detail the witness referred the commission to Vice President Wickes,who followed him on the stand.

Tells of the Pullman Bank.

The morning session was of little interest. The lirst witness was Kdward F. Bryant, manager of the Pullman bunk. He suid the stock of the bank was owned by the Pullman Palaoe Car company, and the Pullman Southern Car company, practically identical with the parent company. Witness presented a statement of deposits showing that on .July 1. there was deposited in the savings department. This was to tho credit- of 2,Wn Recounts, and 2 425 of them were employes of the company. On July 1, the savings were in 1,CI10 accounts, of which 1.414 were employes.

How the Rent Was Paid.

The witness told how the employes of the Pullman company were paid off every two weeks by two checks, one for the amount of rent lie was owing the colnpnny and the other for tho remainder of tho wages due him But he explained that the employe could use both checks as he wished. He was not compelled to use the rent check to pay rent. That was at his own option. For many mouths now no rent at all had been collected from most of the employes. On August 1 the company sent to the bank for collection rent bills against mechanic employes aggregating *58.773.57. The witness kuow that this did not Include all back rents owiug the company. The amount remaining unpaid by similar renters one year ago was only $1,800.

The Jennie Curtis Case.

Then Commissioner Kernau wanted to know about the case of Jennie Curtis, wno was, she testified, compelled to pay back rent due from her father at his denth. Mr. Bryant said the young woman wanted lo remain in the house and had voluntarily assumed the back rent. She had testified that the collector told her she would better pay the amount due If she wished to keep on working for the Pullman company. Mr. Kornan asked Mr. Bryant his authority for the story that the action of the girl was voluntary. The cashier said the collector bad told him so.

Pullman Takes the Stand.

George M. Pullman himself was the witness at the afternoon session of the commission. As president of the Pullman company he told about the organization of the corporation, its financial standing, and answered questions regarding tho manner in which its aifairs arc conducted. The object in establishing the town of Pullman, he said, was that convenient homes might bo provided for the workmen and that, they might enjoy better accommodations than were obtained elsewhere for the same outlay on their part. The advantages gained by residence in the model town were set forth at length by the capitalist. Asked about the rent paid by tenants, Mr. Pullman said it was just 6 per cent, on the investment.

Why Land Isn't Sold.

He further explained that the company's object in not selling land in the town of Pullman was that it might keep out objectionablecharacters who miyht desire to become residents The advantage to Uie town and protection u. the people thus trained, he said, was shown the absence of saloons and objectionable resorts in tho town.

The nature of the leases ^iven to tenants ami the method of rent collection was theiexplained by Mr. Pullman, but he was unabh to tell the commission anythingon that subject that was nut already known.

Mr. Pullman explained that the clause in thti lease, which provides that either party ma} terminate it by giving ten days" notice, vvasfoi the protection of the Pullman company, se that it might exclude all objeetiouable characters.

Capital of the Company.

What is the capital of the Pullman company?" asked Chairman Wright. "Thirty-six million dollars." "it huts been stated in the public press thai the Pullman companv has a surplus of il6.000.-

000?"

"It is more than that." said Mr. Pullaman. "This represents Individual profits and is for the most part invested in assets." 'Are the dividends you pay based on a capital of jM.OOO.Oin).*"

They are. The dividends ure 2 per cent, quarterly. The company has paid dividends since the beginning. For three years it has paid 9 per cent, quarterly and for awhile 0ft per cent, annually. Latterly It. has paid 8 per cuut. annually." ••Has it been tho practice of the company to reduce wages from time to time, and if so will you tell us of such reductions}1" asked Mr. "Wright. Built Cars at a Loss. "I am not familiar with the daily workings of the town of Pullman. I will have to refer the commission to the second vice president for these details. 1 will say. however, that for entire month* we did not have an order for a car. I realized that unless somethlng was done there would be suffering at Pullman, aud after a consultation with Vice President- Wickes I determined to make bids under the actual cost of construction. We did this, and I remember the tlrst order was for flfty-live cars. I put in a bid for these cars at from $800. to *400 below the cost a car, making up my mind to make this contribution rather than see my men idle. I be lieve many other car builders in the country felt the same way. As evidenco of this the next lowest bid to miue was only $24 higher than mine. On another occasion I bid for a lot of 2M) cars at a loss of fclft on each \ir, preferring to do this rather than see th

rreight

shops closed. 1 underbid the next competitor only *1 a cur. It cost us about $50,000 to keep the men in work as long as did 1 explained all this to Mr- Hcathcote. the leader of the strikers. who said to me: 'We want the wages of 'W I informed him that was impossible I told him it would be a most unfortunate thing If the wages of '03 were restored: that there was only six or eight weeks' work here as it was. and there, was none in sight at the rate on which the wages of '93 were based."

Mr. Pullman theu said he told Mr. Heathcote that, as lung as he remained in the employ of the company he could have access to the highest officials and could even see the books if he pleased. "Were the books, as a matter of fact, shown to the strike committee?" inquired the chairman. "They were not. because the men made no effort to see them." "Are you at the town of Pullman much?'! "Not a great deal. don't have time." "What attempts, if any, did you make for a satisfactory adjustment of the troubles at Pullman?" "An answer to that will come better from Vice President Wlclies." "It has been stated publicly very freely that you were approachcd by the strikers who looked for settlement of the troubles and that you said you had nothing to arbitrate." •I did not use exactly those words. I may have told them somethlug of the sort."

Mr. Pullmau said he rcmemberod 110 formal attempt to get him to arbitrate with the men. lie had dsclurod his unwillingness to arbitrate.

"The oniy question with m^" he »aid, "was whether the shoos at Pullman should be closed or whether wft snould put prions so low as to command all the work available in the country, It was not tho amount of loss, but the principle Involved that made me avers# to arbitration."

Company Made Money for the Year. "Now, Mr, Pullman," said Commissioner "Worthington. "taking the whole year through has the Pullman company made or lost monev?" "It has made money," was the answer.

Commissioner Worthington continued the questions 1 Q. "You have paid your regular dividends?" A "Yes, slr Speroent."

Q. "That is something like 800.000 you have paid out in dividends for the year?" A. "Yes, but that Includes the latter part of the world's fair season, whioh was exceptional."

Q. "Let me ask you. Mr. Pullman, whether you do not think a company that pays dividends of IS,800,000 could afford to share the losses of its employes who have worked for it so long?" A. "The manufacturing business is separate from the business of the sleeping oar company. I see no reason why I should take the profits of the 4,200 stockholders In the Pullman SleepingCar oompany and pay men a higher rate of wages than was paid in other parts of the country for the same work, or than was paid by other oompanlos for the same work Because we have been careful and aooumulst-ed a surplus I do not see that It Is a reason we should take the surplus now and pay It out for exceptionally high wages."

Q. "Has the Pullman company during the years of its prosperity ever advanced the wages of its employes voluntarily V" A. "1 do not know as to that. It has always sought to pay fair wages and t.he fact that we have never had but one strike Is pretty good evidenco that the men have been satisfied."

Objection to Arbitration.

y. "What do you see that is objectionable in submitting a difference like this to arbitration?" A. "There are somo matters that are proper subjects for arbitration, such us a disputed title. But there are others that are Impossible of arbitration. I cannot arbitrate on a question where 1 know the faots to be thus and so. The question as to whether our shops should continue to run at a loss is a thing that could not be arbitrated." 1

Q. "Why was it impossible?" A. "Because it violates the principle that a muu has a right to munage his owu business."

Q. "Suppose the arbitrators were to say to you, 'We see you are losing money, but these men have been with you a long while you: can afford to share their losses we think you should at least pay them a living wage.' What would you say to that?" A. "My point at the time wad to work with the men and saoure the disbursement of the large sums involved Ir. the contracts and lose money for the company if the men would agree to bear their share lu a reduction of 20 to 26 per cent, on their wages.

Against the A. R. U.

Asked as to the character of tho worklngmeu lu the town of Pullman, the witness said he had estimated a year ago in the preparation of some material for the exposition that the geueral conditions and oharaoter of the families in Pullman was fully 40 per oent. bettor than the average in manufacturing towns where they had none of the advantages of oleanllness. order and freedom from vioious Influences that prevailed In Pullman. Mr. Pullman continued: "I think that if the American Hallway union had not organized unions in the town our old employes would have seen the wisdom of securing this work and staying with the company. The conditions were favorable to the work of the union: the great number of employes in 1808 made it impossible to give all of them work all the time, so we souhgt to give all ol them work part of the time. Naturally that left a good many idle and they were easily influenced "We make it condition of return to work that the member of the American Railway union shall surrender his card. That is the only union we have ever discriminated against, although I believe our men have belonged to other organizations. It is the fixed policy of the Pullman company to retain no one connected in any way with the American Railway union."

His Own Pay Not Reduced.

"Were routs reduced when wage* weut down?" asked Judge Worthiugton. "They were not. So little inoomo was coming from rents that we could not afford to reduce them further." "Were your wages and those of the other officers of the oompany reduced "They were not." v, "Why was this not done?'.'.

When Mr. Pullman fully recovered from the effcct of the audacity of tho questions he said It was not good policy to reduce the salaries of high ofrtclals, beoause men of their caliber were not easily replaced and would not stand a reduction of any considerable amount.

By this time It was growing dark and the commission was anxious to get Mr. Wickes started, so Mr. Pullman was excused with the understanding that any supplementary statement he might wish to make would be received wheu he chose to appear.

Mr. Wickes Testifies.

Second Vice President Thomus H. Wickes then took the stand and supplied the details which Mr. Pullmau had boen unable to give, using a bulky type-written document. He said many statements made by the strikers were not true. He declared that the statements In regard to wages were in nearly all cases false. He submitted a table taken from the books which shows a rate of wages much higher than those submitted by Mr. Heathcote, Mr. Rhodle aud others in these particular cases. Instead of making money like water, Mr. Wickes said the company lost $500 monthly.

Nobody Blacklisted.

He emphatically denied that the Pullman company had ever blacklisted anybody in the sense of seeking information from other companies or furnishing it to them about undesirable employes. He showed also by a table of rents that the receipts from water rents actually are less than tho cost to the company by about JWO, while under the old arrangement with the town of Hyde Park oompany the Pullman company made about $30 a month on the water furnished tenants. Gas was consumed by only 12j wageworking tenants, eo it was not worth discussfhg.

Mr. Wickes will resume his testimony this morning at 10 o'clock.

BASEBALL.

Scores Made by Professional Clubs in Recent Games. National leafftie (funics on Monday resulted as follows: At llultimore— Baltimore. 12 Chicago, !). At Philadelphia (two games)—Cincinnati, 19 Philadelphia, 9 Cincinnati, II Philadelphia, 5.

Western association: At St. Joseph Des Moines, 9 St. Joseph, 0. At HocU iBiand—Rock island. 11 Peoria. 7. At Lincoln—Lincoln, Omaha, 0. At Jacksonville Jacksonville, 23 ynin

cy, 0.

Cloud on Senator's Name. WASHINGTON. Aug. 'JS. Senator Stewart, of Nevada, is named as co-re-spondent in the divorce suit filed Charles L. Glasscock against his wifo. The senator declares it to be a case of blackmail.

Breckinridge Denounced.

LKXI.NGTON, KY., Aug. 2H. —Mish Mary Dosha, a sister of Hreclunridye's first wife, in an open letter calls on the men and women of the blue grass state to defeat the congressman.

Cost of the Strike.

Sriii.Noi'iBi.D, 111., Aug. 28.—The expense to the state caused by the calling out of the militia during the late strike is placed by the adjutant general at •860,000.

TAX NOT PAID.

A Big Whisky Trust Deal Falls Through.

MUCH-WANTED CASH DID NOT COME.

The Trust Fails to Raise the Necessary $5,000,000, and Over 4,000,000 Gallons. Are Therefore Still

in Bond.

SPECULATION SPOILS THE DEAL. PKURIA, 111., A\ig. 28.—At the very last moment the officers of the whisky trust and the syndicate of New York bankers failed to come toan agreement l*eg*ardinjf the loan of several million dollars, and there great perplexity amoojf the Peoria distillers rej^Hrdiny the difficulty. They can see an explanation only in the fact that there was too great a spirit for speculation manifest. and it is believed that a fortune has been made on the stock exchange in New York. Every day for nearly I two weeks the hope has been held out that the money would surely he forthcoming the day following, and when the Illinois Trust & Savings bank of Chicago, as trustee, last Saturday assumed control of four of the bonded warehouses in this city—namely:

Woolner's, Manhattan, (irent Western and Monarch—and appointed custodians, it was supposed that everything had been satisfactorily settled and that Monday morning 95,000,000 tax would be paid here and at lYkin. The regauging had been completed and the banking company had appointed custodians. The rumors Saturday and the fall in stock occasioned uneasiness here, for it was regarded as a bluff. The money did not reach here, however, the tax was not paid, and Monday afternoon the Illinois Trust company released the bonded warehouse that bad been in its possession.

Tho total payment of tax here since tho passage of the tariff bill has been 82,410,718, or about half of what it was thought the collections would be. Most of it was paid by the trust. The total Pekln collections have been less than SI,000,000, most of iL paid bv antitrust houses. Nothing was withdrawn by the trust, in JVkin Monday. There are at present in the Star, Crescent, Hamburg and Enterprise warehouses in that city l.KOO.OOO gallons, while in Peoria warehouses there are 2,872,000 gallons, all the property of the trust. The distilling company withdrew about half the goods it had in bond in the country- All the spirits were withdrawn from Cincinnati, Chicago, Ouinha, Terre llauie, St. Louis, St. Paul and Nebraska City,.leaving only Peoria and lVUin.

UNDER WHITE TENTS

T«u Thousand Pythian Knight" KiicHiniiod In Washington. WASHINGTON. Aug. 2N.—The flag over Camp Ueorge Washington has been lowered to half mast on account of the announcement of the death of Congressman Ueorge H. Shaw, of Kau Claire, Wis,, who was past, supreme chancellor of the Knights of Pythias, the predecessor in office of Chancellor W. \V. Hlaekwell. Resolutions were drafted at once by the supreme lodge, to be sent to his family.

Three hundred extra tents from the war department were raised during the da}*, making the number in the camp 2,000. but there were complaints of overcrowding, and the Washington divisions, which had tented with the visitors, marched out of camp and gave their quarters to the Michigan men. Estimates of the number in camp are about 10,000, as each tent accommodates five men. There are many unattached knights in town.

The state brigades which are here are: Indiana, Kansas, Massachusetts. Iowa, Illinois, Wisconsin, Kentucky, Texas, Pennsylvania, Nebraska, West Virginia, Missouri. Now .Jersey, Ohio. Tennessee, Minnesota. Michigan, New York and Connecticut.

Separate regiments are on tlie field from Florida, Georgia, South Carolina, North Carolina. Maryland, Maine Rhode Island, Louisiana, Delaware, Arkansas and Colorado.

FOR A NATIONAL PARK.

Gen. Si:kl'i Wants th« Government lo Acquire 4,000 Acres at Gettysburg. NEW YOKK, Aug. 28.—(Jen. Daniel i£. Sickles ha» a scheme for the creation of a grand national park which will include the battlefield and other historic points of interest at Uett}*sburg. The purchase of something like 4.000 acres in and around Gettysburg is embraced in the plan. The government already owns several hundred acres at the scene of the decisive battle of tiie war. and (Jen, Sickles proposes to acquire about 2,500 acres more. Iiis plan contemplates the establishment of a military post at Gettysburg, a soldiers' home, an Indian 6chool aud perhaps a fi. A. K. museum.

Death of George B. Shaw.

EA.U CLAIHB, Wis.. Aug. 28. —Congressman Shaw died on Monday. George H. Shaw was born in Alma, Alleghany county, N. March 12, 1S54. lie came west, went into the lumber manufacturing business and became wealthy. He was mayor of Kau Claire in 1888 and 18S0. He was elected to the Fifty-third congress as a republic* an. He was supreme chancellor of the Knights of Pythias from July, 1890, to August, 1802.

Mangling Veils Murder.

Nashville, Tenn., Aug. 28.— The mangled body of William Feiar, aged 18, was found on the railroad track here. There is evidence that he was killed and laid on the rails, and the three men with whom he was on spree last night will be arrested.

Thomas Beecher Retires.

EI.iiutA, N. Y., Aug. 2S. After a pastorate forty years Rev. Thomas K. Heeeh'»r. brother of Henry Wurd Beecher, has retired from the active duties as a pastor of the Park church, prcachiug his farewell sermon Sunday morning.

Highest of all in Leavening Power.— Latest U. S. Gov't Report.

ABSOLUTELY PURE

IT IS THE LAW.

Tariff Bill Goes Into Effect Without the President's Signature.

HE TELLS WHY HE CAN'T INDORSE IT.

A Letter to Congressman Catchings Explains His Attitude—The Measure Does Not Fairly Represent Tariff

Reform Principles.

TARIFF TAKES EFFECT.

WASHINGTON, Au*. 28.—At 12 o'clock Monday night theMcKinley tariff law,

While President Clevelaud Beut no message to congress regarding the tariff bill, he has given his opinion of the same in a letter sent to RepresentativeCatchlngs (Miss.), whoconsented to its publication in view of its public character and importance:

The President's Letter.

"EXECUTIVE MANSION, WASHINGTON. Aug 27. -Hon. T. ('. Catehlngs Mv Doar Sir: Since the conversation I had with you and Mr. Clark, of Alabama, A few days ago In rognrd to my aotlon upon the tariff bill now before me 1 have given the subject further and most serious consideration. The result Is, am more settled than ever in the determination to allow the bill to become a law without my signature. "When the formulation of legislation which It was hoped would embody democratic ideas of tariff reform was lately eutered upon by this congress nothing was further from my anticipation than a result which I oould not promptly and enthusiastically ludorse. It Is therefore with a feeling of the utmost disappointment that I submit to a denial of this privilege

Hints at Trust Influences.

"1 do uot claim to be better than the masses of my party nor do I wish to avoid any responsibility which on nccount of*the passage of this law ought to bear as a member of the democratic organization neither will I permit myself to be separated from my party to such an oxtent as might be implied by my veto of tariff legislation, which, though disappointing. Is still chargeable to democratic effort. But there are provisions In this bill which are not In line with honest tariff reform and it contains Inconsistencies and crudities which ought not to appear In tariff laws or laws of any kind. "Besides, there were, as you and I well know, incidents accompanying the passage of the bill through congress which made every sincere reformer unhappy, while Influences surrounded It In Its latter stages and Interfered with Its final construction which ought not to be recognized or tolerated In democratic tariff reform councils.

Better Than the McKinley Law. "Aud yet, notwitlMtiiudiug all its vicissitudes uud all the buu tn'Utmont it has received atthehunJsof its pretended friends, it presents a vast improvement to existing conditions. It will certainly lighteu many tarill burdens that now rest heavily upon tho people. It is notouly a barrier against the return of mad protection, but It furnishes a vantage ground from which must be waged further aggressive operations against protected monopoly aud governmental favoritism. "1 take my place with the rank andllleol the democratic party who believe in tariff reform and who know what it. is, who refuse to accept the results embodied In the bill at the close of the war. who are not bliuded to the faot that the livery of democratic tariff reform has been stolen ana worn in the service of republican protection, and who nave marked the places where the deadly blight of troasou has blasted the councils of the brave in their hour of might. "The Communism of Pelf." "The trusts and combinations—the communism of pelf, whose machinations have prevented us from reaching tho success wc deserve, should not be forgotten or forgiven. We shall recover from our astonishment at their exhibition of power, aud If then the question is forced upou us whether they shall submit to the free legislative will of the people's representatives. or shall dictate the laws which the people must obey, we will accept and settle that Usue as one Involving the Integrity and safety of American Institutions. "I love tho principles of true democracy because they are founded in patiotlsm and upon Justice aud falrueas toward ail Interests. 1 am proud of my party organization because it is conservatively sturdy and persistent in the enforcement of Its principles. Therefore, I do not despair of the efforts made by the house of representatives to supplement the bill already passed by turther legislation and to havo engrafted upon it such modifications as will more nearly meet democratic hopes am* aspirations.

Wants Free Coal and Iron Ore. "1 can't be mistaken as to the necessity of free raw materials as the foundation of logical and sousible tariff reform. The extent to which this Is recognized in the legislation already secured Is one of its encouraging and redeeming features, but it is vexatious to recall that while free coal and iron ore have been denied a letter of the secretary of the treasury dlsoloses the fact that both might have been made free by the annual surrender of only f7u0,0:)0 of unnecessary revenue. "1 am sure that there is a common habit of underestimating tho Importance of free raw materials in tariff legislation, and of regarding them as only related to concessions to be made to our manufacturers. The truth is, their influence so far-reachlug that if dlsre* garded a complete and bonellcerit scheme ol tariff reform cannot be successfully inaugurated.

When we give to our manufacturers free raw materials we unshackle American enterprise and Ingenuity, and these will open the doors of foreign markets to the reception of our wared aud give opportunity for the continuous and remunerative employment of American labor. "With materials cheapened by their freedom from tariff charges, the cost of their product must be correspondingly cheapened. Thereupon justice and fairness to the consumes would demand that the manufacturers be obliged to submit to such a readjustment and modification of the tariff upon their finished goods as would secure to the people the benertt

of ihe reduced cost of their mauufaotures and shield the consumer against the exaotious of Inordinate profits.

Tariff Question Not Settled.

"It will thus be seen that free raw inaterlul* and a just and fearless regulation and reduotlon of th.e tariff tfl meet the changed oondla

PRICE 2 CENTS

Baking Powder

nilons wuuiil parry to every humble liom'f in the land the blessings rf Increased «omrnrt mill ehenpei- living. Tho millions of bravely utnl well for lurifT reform should be exhortod to continue the struggle, boldly challenging to open warfare and con»t»mly KUiirilint-Hgnlnst treachcry nnd halfheiiriednot.K In their eump. Tariff reform will not le willed until It la honestly and fulrly Hi-ttled In the lnterost and to the benefit of a pallent and lnun-sufTarlny people. Yours very truly- "tjftli Kti 'i.kv ici, A Nil

A Long Struggle.

Th« placing of tho bill upon the statute booka ended one of the longest aud most remarkable struggle* in the parliamentary history of the Kovermnent. It was practically a year ago that the compilation of the new tariff was commenced. The extraordinary session of oungress was ealled August

which had been in operation since October 80, 1800, practically four years, died on the statute books and the new democratic tariff bill passed by the Fifty-third congress became a law without the signature of President Cleveland. The constitutional period of ten days allowed the president to consider the bill expired with the midnight hour and, according to the terms of the constitution, the president having failed to return the bill to congress with or without his approval, it became a law.

T, 1SUH, for the purpose of repealing tho Sherman silver-purchasing law. Two weeks later the ways and means committee of the house, with Mr. Wilson, of West Virginia, as chairman, was appointed, and almost immediately the work of framing the democratic tariff-reform measure begun. Months were spent In its preparation, and It was not rojwrted until after the holidays during tho regular session beginning In December. For three weeks it

WHS

debated In the house, puls

ing that body January ii9. Seventeen house democrats voted against it. The bill went to tho senate, and. after being considered until March SO. was reported, greatly changed from the houso bill. The debate which began in the senate April S lasted until July 3, when tho bill passed by a vote of 89 to H4. The crisis occurred when tho bill rcaohed conference. On August in tho house yielded and accepted the senate bill In toto. Two days afterward, Wednesday. August 1ft, It went to the president, and Monday night at the expiration of tho constitutional days (Sundays not counted) It became a law without Mr. Cleveland's approval

SIGNS OF IMPROVING BUSINESS. Large Orders Coming in from the South and Southwest..

NKW YOHK, AUG". liS—Merchants hera say the Itesl indication of improving business comes from the south and south west, where the orders for floods are almost normal and the buyers say the merchants see an outlet for ail they an: buying and expect to increase their orders. Two la r^e houses have sent their drummers out aijain through the southwest, and particularly thrnuffh Texas, where the orders havo been particularly (food. In tho west and northwest they say this condition i* reversed, and the buying Is only about 25 per cent, of what it is in nominal years, the merchants saying- that the people will be too poor to buy heavily. A prominent dry g-oods merchant says ho has (riven up his vacation, arranged for the latter part of this month and early in September, because he is compelled to remain and attend to buyers who are coming here in large numbers, lie further says the demand for drummers exceed* the supply, and those already on the road are sending in satisfactory orders. If retail trade is what is expected fall business will be largu in dry goods.

CELIA THAXTER DEAD.

The Well-Known Authore.n I'IINM-H Away ut the l.le.

ERIE.

Klioiiid.

BOSTON, Aug. 28.—A telegram from the Isles of Shoals says that Celiu Thaxter, the authoress, died there suddenly Sunday night. Celiu Ivcighton Thaxter was born in Portsmouth, N. 11.. .lune CT, 18^0. Her father, Thomas li. l.eighton, took her when she was a child to the Isle of Shoals, where slip spent most of her life at Appledore. She married there Levi Lincoln Thaxter, of Watertown, Mass., in l.s.'ii. Among the finest of her single u-ms may be mentioned "Courage," "Kittery Churchyard, Pile .Spaniards' Uraves," "The Wutch of lloon Island,'* "The Sandpiper," "A I'l-yst'' nnd "Tho Song Sparrow."

His Life Crushed Out.

l'u., Aug. '^8.—A Lake Shore

.freight train was wrecked near this city ou Monday. Urakeman William Lolir, of Collinwood, ().. who was on tho top of the caboose at the time, was thrown ugainst the cupola so violently as to inllict very serious injuries. The crew found a young man of very respectable appearance, well-dressed and wearing a jockey cap, crushed to death between two large stones oil a flat cur.

Shipping Nebraska Cattle East. A.UKS, la., Aug. -b.—The Chicago A Northwestern ruilroad lias just sent five engines from this division of tho road lo help In tho rush of the shipments of stock from Nebraska. It is understood here that the company is concentrating all itB extra rolling stock there, anticipating the greatest shipments of stock to Chicago, on account of the scarcity of feed, ever known in the history of that state.

Ground to Pieces.

l'lTismuoii, I'a., Aug. '28. J. 0. I'rice, a mine foreman for the Scott Coal company at Robbius, on the Haitimore & Ohio railway, was literally ground to pieces by an express train Sunday. I'rice, with a friend, was in sight of his home, walking on the tracks returning from a visit to friend# at (iulTy station.

Rain Ruins Crops.

SKI.MA, Ala., Aug. 28.—The heaviest rains for many years have fallen hero since last Wednesday, doing inestimable damage to crops, 400 bales of unpacked cotton being ruined. Reports are that the swollen streams have submerged at least. b.OOO acres of the lowlands.

Paying Deputy Marshals. I.M-iANAi'oi.is, Ind., Ang, 2S. United Status Marshal Hawkins received from Washington Monday money with which to pay the deputy marshals who did service during the recent railroad strike.