Bloomington Progress, Volume 21, Number 42, Bloomington, Monroe County, 14 December 1887 — Page 1

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Recorder's n Office ja5 7

ReptMcan Propss.

A. D. 1S3S.

PUBLISHED EVERY WEDEE8DAY

BLOOBUNOTON, IMJ.

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A REPUBLICAN PAPER DEYOTED TO THE ADTANCEMENT SW THE LOCAL INTERESTS OF HONROE COUNTT.

ESTABLISHED A. D. 1835. BLOOMINGTON, INDIANA, WEDNESDAY, DECEMBER 14, 1887. NEW SERIES. VOL. XXL-NO. 42.

Republican Progress. I VALUABLE ADYERTISBG KDIUl

Circulates Among the Best Farmers i Monroe County, AM it Read by Every Member ef M Family. Ton, ii Mnite our. tLSi ftr fm

mnam jaifiaiapp

LoaisiOlei

pUllm juh sleepih cars ele6aht parish cars ALL TRAINS RUN THROUGH SOUS Tickets Sold ami Baggage Cheeked to Desttlrurtion.

fiuorlannnd aa Ticket

E. O. McCormick. eea. Pass, Ant, 18S, DearberwSt, CHICAGO.

ORCHARD HOUSE!

& BK. Orchard Ic Son - PROPRIETORS.

0Wea11 the Depot, Msimmayen, Ind.

Resident Dentist.

Dr. J. W.

CRA.N.

Office in tha New Block, un-stairs, eve

Cola's Book Store. Ail wot warrantee.

Steeping AeTtsents.

Some great writer has remarked: "It must not be forgotten that we spend " a considerable portion of oar lives in fiie bed-chamber, and, therefore, its healthfnlnesa cannot fafl to have a very

important bearing npon onr physical

well-being." Everybody, indeed, who

is actuated 1y a dne regard for health and real comfort, will consider an equal

degree of attention necessary in giving attention to the size, situation, tempera-

tore, and cleanliness of the apartment he occupies during the hoars of repose, as of the parlor, drawing-room.

or any other apartment; and yet how

very often do we find families crowded at night into obsenre and coaftned chambers, of dimensions scarcely more

ample than those of an old-fashioned closet, while perhaps, in the majority of instances, the 'best rooms in the

whole home are serapart for the sole purpose of ostentations display. Now

it is very important that the largest

and most elevated room, or rooms, upon

the second floor of the dwelling; be ap-

nronriated for the imrnosea of Bleep

ing, and that the same be properly ventilated during the day-time and dur-

intr all seasons of the year.

There are few houses the rooms of

. which are so ei.natml ss 'o render good

ventilation impo s ble, and. theinfluenee

of fi.s p-a-tiee upon t!ie health of Vi

ms e i is io- import mt to permit being

necl-ctad fr m anv slitrht cause. A

bed-chamlicr should be-divested of all

unnecessary furniture, and unless of concur. ble side, should never contain mote than one bed. There cannot be

a mora pernicious custom that that pursued by some, indeed by many families.

of having their children sleep in small

apartments, with two and sometimes

with three beds crowded into the same

room. It is scarcely necessary to observe that cleanliness, in the most ex

tensive signification of the term, is, if possible, even more necessary with reference to the bed-chamber than with almost any other, apartment in the whole honse. The practice of sleeping in a room which is occupied during the daytime is extremely unwise. Perfect cleanliness and sufficient free ventilation cannot, under such circumstances, he preserved, especially during cold weather; hence the atmosphere becomes constantly more vitiated, and altogether unfit for respiration. While too great a degree of caution cannot be observed to avoid sleeping in damp rooms, beds, or clothing, the temperature of the bed-chamber, if possible, should never be increased, under the ordinary circumstances of health, by artificial means. As this apartment is to be reserved solely for sleep, a fire is never necessary, excepting, possibly, during extreme cold weather, and, even then, the temperature ought not to exceed fifty degrees. A sleeping 'apartment in which a heavy fire has been kept for several hours prior to retiring, may to some persons, at first thought, oner great comfort But, right here, great danger is very liable to occur, sines by heating the room to such an extent as has been referred to the system becomes greatly enervated, creating an increased s susceptibility to the influence of the cold air, and thus the way is opened to the attack of some of the most serious ' diseases, especially of the throat and lungs. Happy, indeed, should those persons esteem themselves whose means forbid an indulgence in this form of luxury! A person accustomed to undress in a room without a fire, and to seek repose in a cold bed, will not experience the least inconvenience, even in the severest of winter weather. The natural heat of the body will very speedily render a person, under such circumstances, even more comfortable

than he or she will be who sleeps in a bested apartment, as experience has amply verified. But tins is not all. The constitution of the one accustomed

to sleeping in a room which is not artificially heated will be rendered more robust and strong, and far less suscepti

ble to the influence of artificial vicissi

tudes, than that person who is not so

accustomed to sleep. Good House-

f keeping.

II HUM,

NEWS BUDGET. Fresh Intelligence from Every Part of the Civilized World.

Foreign and Domestic News, Political Events, Personal Points, Labor Notes, Ete.

LATEST DISPATCHES.

at and

ofere of

I after

i and

In

I one

i fifth

;been

, the

is defending himself from the polios in Lispinny castle, says a Dublin dispatch, has been joined by Ha GUhooIy, tha member from Cork, who is also a fugitive from justice. -Lord Mayor Sullivaa, who baa bean serving his sentaaoa In Dublin, baa bean removed ta tha Jail at TuUamnrt to prevent his holding daily levees, as has bean bis custom sines kis imprisonment

PERSONAL NOTES, Matthew Bird, a boy 11 years old, who resiled at Philadelphia, died recently from me effects 'of cigarette-smoking. Ha began the ptmicious habit only tan months ago. John Snyder, tha famous walking man at Mill Grove, Blackford County, In 4, is dead. A diapatch from Wabash, Ind,, says of his lut hours: Snyder had been growing weaker for several months past, and, though before genial in diepuitkm, he had become morose and talked bus little. . His pale and haggard countenance betrayed the agony he suffered, but repeated efforts to induce quietude were futile, and ha literally walked himself to death. He remained eensoiona to tha last, but was unable lo control his lower limbs. Snyder during tee last summer amassed over (10,000 from dim museum engagements. Far dearly, three yean previous to his death ha was impelled by some mysterious force to walk conitantly, and he took his meals while continuing tie ceaseless tramp. He slept but little, generally ia a ehair, but the minute he woke he Itarted walking. The oase has puizled tha hundreds of physicians that have visited him, and is without a parallel is tha history of medical soienoe. FINANCIAL AND INDUSTRIAL Another letter from Mr. Powderly on the "Works of Knighthood" has appeared in print In the course of its three columns he says: From an organisation numbering less than 10,000 members when the first General Assembly was held we have seen the Knights of Labor grow until over 700,000 men and women claimed membership at one time. While that vast industrial army was being gathered together, while the seed was being sown, men who were pioneers were making sacrifices that the order might live in history as a tviwer for good. Men good and true were blackmailed and discharged, but they never muimured. They were not working for self nor tne present : they woraed for posterity and ttie future. When I hear men talk of seceding from the organization, with the threat of starting an improved order, I fancy that they know but little of the trials, the dangers, and the odds asainst which

they have to contend, and I feel that the amount of energy necessary to build

new order, if properly applied ,to the

one. would make it invincible. It Is true

that in the old organization all who aspire cannot be officers ; ail who pull wires cannot succeed in getting positions ; but it is equally true that if they secede and if they succeed in building up a new order they only make it possible for other men to pull wires anil aspire to the place which they continually hope to secure

ior inemsaives. J I ra we new oraermeysnc

up a old on

The neighborhood of Rives, a small town in Tennessee, was the scene of a triple lynching. Adam Charles, Andy Miller, and William Smith were the victims. The crime was an assault on a 10-year-old child, the daughter of Mr. M. Meyers. One day recently the child started to school alone. When about half a mile from home, in a lonely wood, she was accosted by the negro Charles, enticed away, and assaulted by the negro Miller, Charles and Smith witnessing the crime. The child reached home more dead than alive and told her story. An alarm; was sent out, and in leas than nn hour a hundred men were on the trail of the miscreants. Miller was soon captured and ht revealed the hiding place of his companions, who. were 'found in the woods near hi Miller aooused his companions of the jgrime and protested his innocence. Kostafusations were made by the pnrsuing farty, who proceeded in ominous silence ti a wood near by, where the three werej hanged. The negroes in the community wre thoroughly in sympathy with the ftions of the avenging party, and condemned the assault in unmeasured terms. Edwaed Diethiris employe by his brother, Louis Dielher, at the old jochrane A Humphrey works, on Pearl strtet, Fort Wayne, Bid. Edward was leanag over a rapidly revolving line-shafting then his coat caught on a nnt or a sere w lead and he was whirled round and round 4th fearful rapidity, his head, shoulders1, ind feet striking the floor with every revonlion of the shaft. He must surely have set with a frightful death but for the fncjthat his coat was at length ripped from sje body and he fell senseless to the ilooj having sustained injuries that must con tin) him to his bed for a long time. Chicago has been selected as t place and the 19th of June as the timj for the next National Republican C'onvenejra. Hon. K. C. Deeding, of Osaft Iowa, ex-Congressman and ex-Xationai Bank Examiner is dead. i

Wr&UAX Fbey, a mUl-wrighiin the

liafayette Hominy Mills, was caughj by his

elothes behind an upright sh

pounded to death on the heavy ti:

the mill. He lived twenty minuti

being released. He was 3d years

leaves a wife and child.

Two hundred members of tl

Regiment, Ohio National Guard, hi

ordered from Cincinnati to Fair;

scene of the miners' strike.

Herb Most has been sentenced

year in the penitentiary. John Rider and William Nkhols, young miners, were killed by the falsag of slate in a mine near Brazil, Ind. gestae Doir, injured a week ago iu anothemiine of the same company, by falling slatdied about the same time the accident occured. The work in ail the railroad yas at Dayton has been resumed, the silking switchmen having returned to work atformer wages, excepting the pony conduit) rs, who are given a slight advance pay. The Chicago and Eastern Illinois filroad Company has been reorganizet'by the election of the following officers: H. H. Porter, President; O. 8. Lyfonftpd Geo. C. Kimball, Vice Presidents; H.. Bubridee, Secretary; C. W. Hillm Treasurer. The Executive Committe&s composed of H. H. Porter, RoswelP. Flower, Benj. Brewster, Reber R. BiBb, and H. H. Stevens. ' The reorganizntioals for the purpose of bringing the conpajy into harmony with the Chicago and Intjana Railway, both companies now beiaj practically under one management. According to private advices froa Warsaw the massing of Russian troops i

the frontier is attributable to informatics

received by Russia of a concentrated plaay by Germany and Austria for united actioifj

m the event of a war between either of.

those powers and Russia. In that conl

tinffencv it was orooosed that German!

and Anstria should suddenly invade Kua-H kegs of powder, and in trying to dislodge it

sign Poland and occupy Warsaw by nsiugtwith an iron bar the powder was ignited. The their greater facilities for mobilization.Jnien at the blast were blown high into the air,

in consequence or. tne mscovery oi imspnj not seriously hurt, while those in the pit alleged project Russia resolved to comj metehxakA neMl , mm of rookg rr-Siw-ft .-! -

forces." The movement implies no ag- lyamaqua, r., whtie running at ran speed.

ceed better than in the old one, and secure

omces, may ao so only to njuti at tneir eioows men, who, like themselves, will stop at nothing mean or low to compass their ends. Theodore FfafSin & Co., musical instruments, at Indianapolis, have failed for about 975,000, but John Church & Co., of Cincinnati, have taken charge of the stock under a chattel mortgage. Joliet (111.) special: "The numerous financial crashes in the barb-wire and wire-drawing industry during the past six months are acting aa grave caution to the others, who have thus far kept afloat against the obstacles or royalty and 'moonshine' product Active steps are being taken since the close of the Lambert & Bishop trial to throw off what the manufacturers call the incubus on this industry the great grinding monopoly controlled by the Washbnrn & Moen Manufacturing Company, of Worcester, Mass.''

FIRES ANDACGIDENT8. At Brookville, Kan, the Lawrence Hotel six business blocks, and three dwellings were burned. Four men, fireman Brimer of Wamega, brakeman Harrigan of Wamego, Mr. Farna worth of Lincoln, and an unknown man were burned to death. Charles Mobs, of Tower Springe, Kan, was badly burned, and will probably die. The guests of the hotel were obliged to jump from the aecond-atory windows. The total loss ia tSOOO and the insurance 95,000. The burning of the Strowbridge Lithographing Company's building at Cincinnati caused a loss of about 9800,000, on which there is an insurance of 9150,000. Fire in a tenement-house in Mew York Thursday damaged the building to the extent of 930,000, and a little boy perished in the names. Four men were badly hurt, one of mem fatally, it ia thought, and others were severely shocked and bruised, by au explosion near Dodgeville, Wis., on the Neeport, Dodgeville and Northern Railroad, The most seriously injured men are: Erie Ostrom, crushed by a rock; may die; Antony Nelson, face and jaw badly mangled; Peter Johnson, scalp badly cut; Andrew Theager, body severely bruised; Meyer, body severely bruised. The men were working in a twenty-five-foot cut A small rock dropped into a blasting hole containing seven

gression, but is a purely defensive pre

caution. A jserun special says: The zvnfioaal Gazette, discussing the Vienna Fremdenblatt'c article relative to the massing of troops on the Russian frontier, says it is evident that the force of Russian troops now in Poland is not sufficient to attack two formidable military powers. The present massing of troops is too small for war and too large for peace. We must wait and see how Russia will reconcile the massing with the pacific assurances

of the Journal de St. Peiergbxry.

' The clerks of committees on appropria

tion of the two houses of Congress have prepared a tabular statement of footings

wnicn mane tne louowing snowing, net increase in estimates for the next fiscal year over those submitted for the current year $H,lb7,J37. Net increase over appro5riations for the current year $23,787,002. otal estimates for next year 3304,004,527, estimated revenue for 1H88 $440,563,731. P. C. HuWi, aged NO years, residing at

Malvern, south of Alliance Ohio, while

driving across the Tnseawnras branch of

Ute Cleveland and nttinnrgh Hallway in a buggy, near the above place was struck by the engine drawing tho pay-car and inxtantlv killed.

Is 70, Jerusalem was rased and plowed over by the Boman Emperor, Titus, in order to obliterate and make unrecognizable spots venerated by Christians. It was refonnded, aa a heathen city, by the Emperor Hadrian, A. D. 140. The light of friendship is like tbt

ijgltt of phoaphoriiariMft aronnaf sdavr,

IHE OLD .WORLD. The eongrea of the Senators and Deputies at Versailles, France, elected M. Sadi-Carno! to anooeed President Orevy. The successful candidate is a Republican who has been prominent in polities ever since the downfall el Louis Napoleon, but his influence in his parly has been far inferior to that of his principal rivals for Bepobliean support in the contest for tho Presidency. A Paris cablegram says: Tha ministry have formally tendered their resignation., and President Sadi-Carnot has requested them to remain in office for the present for the diapatch of public business. The President stated that it was his intention, after tha new. ministry was formed, to at once close the present session of parliament until after the coming senatorial elections. Probably the result of the election is the best thing that ooold have happened for France. M. 841 Camot is the second best known economical writer in France, and has had practical public experience far superior to M. Leroy Beaulieu, the most famous economical writer. He is under GO ; a Bepublican without being radical or visionary. He is a distinguished engineer, having headed his class at the Eeole Polytechnfque, instead of being a lawyer, which ill itself Is a great thing ; be ia rich, and lives like a gentleman. He ia not religious, bat his wife is a Catholic. He has a 33-year-old son In the arm v. Ho i a free-trader. The newspapers of Paris generally approve the election of M. Badi-Carnot and consider it an angary of pease. The telegrams from tbe provinces, without exception, testify to the satisfaction felt at the result of tbe election. The awwt created an xeellsut Impratsion at toe priasipal European capitals, Hit Iftt, tfc Msaher f Parliament vb

There were five men on the locomotive. The

taohinery was. scattered, and the bodies of re men who were on the engine were sent

lying in every direction. They were literally 'flown to atoms.

m The town of Hurley, Wis., has been visiisd by another destructive conflagration. $e Commercial Hotel at Ouelph, Ontario, Ht totally destroyed by fire, and several Runts were injured in escaping from the btSding by jumping from the windows of the nner stories. I THE CRIMINAL RECORD. The New. York Court of Appeals has revetted the decision in the case of Jacob Sharp ani ordered a now trial. The aged boodler, vhsj the news was broken to him, manifesteda emotion whatever, and seemed even to take but little interest in the matter. Since his conviction he has fallen into a moody, stoHa state of indifference to all outward th'tt1 from which it seems impossible to arottaihim. A Pierre (D. T.) diapatch says that 3umjlng.j)og, the Indian who fired the Cheyenne Igency a few days ago, attacked his guarfemd stabbed two of them to death with a pair of shears and then committed suicide. At New York Jacob Sharp, the boodler, was rahaaed upon giving bonds in 940,00 At Alsmosa, Colo., Michael O'Brien, a tramp jjpo brutally outraged Hiss McGregor, was tatjin from the jail by a mob of citizens and hjhged. The recovery of the girl ia doubtftd, In fee little town of Charleston, Miss, say a Vempbis special, three negroes, Joe Tribble, vMonroe Harris, and Charles Taylor, were otflned in jail on a charge of attempting to kftt a white man named Frank Mount-. A mob bf forty or more men, well armnd, rode iukHtown, forced tho jailor to give up the keyiti the cells, and took the prisoners out Tba bodies of Taylor and Harris were found en fa r0Bd about a mile from town, riddled wit), buckshot both dead Tribble has not bam heard from but it is considered certain tej4uo w&8 also shot to death, At Jport, Ma, Peter Bennett, aged 80, a wealthy Uxmsr, who, owing to a distrust of banks, kepijug money in the house, was visited by bjgri)) who beat him until he became inseitbi0 Wd then carried off 983,000 is bills aajgold UIELLANEOUsltOTES. There gre 12,000 cattle quarantined iu Crawford, Wishing ton and Sumner oountiaa, KM fffeiTegajtav is Mid. t flt.

Nearly all tba animal are tha property of Chioage firm. Tha United States Supreme Court has rendered a decision sustaining the State in tha Kansas prohibition oases. The eCect of this opinion is to declare valid the prohibition laws of the State of Kansas, and ia of course a decided victory for the Prohibitionist The decision is very important and likely to be far-reaching in its cos sequences. The judgment of the court was pronoun oed in a long and elaborate opinion by Mr. Justice Harlan: The Justice said it had been held repeatedly that the right ef a State to regulate the sale of liquor did not invade the constitutional rights of the oitisen. It was contended, however, he said, that no State Legislature had a right to Srohiblt any person trom manufacturing, quor for his owu use or for export, for the rearson that it was an invasion of the personal liberty inherent in citizens. It must be observed, however, he said, that the right to manufacture drink for one's own use was subject to the restriction that it should not injuriously affect the public The right to determine what was injurious had to exist somewhere, and the right of determining what measures were necessary for the preservation ot tho publle morals, health and safety had heretofore been vested in the States Dy the constitutional light given them under the polico power to rawSMe their own internal concerns. WhHSitttiollee powereouid not be abused and must only be exercised for objects of real merit, this eourt would certainly not say that the liquor ' traffic was not one which the State could lawfully p.-ouibit, because it was well known that the abuse of intoxicants was productive of pauperism and crime. The next ground of contention, the Justice said, was, that as the breweries bad been erected prior to the passage of the prohibition law, and, as they were of little use exoept for breweries, their property was taken without due procoss of law in violation of the Constitution. But all property under our form of government, be held, was subject to the obligation that ft should not be used so as to injuriously affect the rights of the community, and thereby become a nuisance. The State of Kansas had a right to prohibit the liquor traffic. It did not thereby take away tbe the property of brewers. It simply abated a nuisance. The property was not taken away trom its owners; they were only prohibited from using it for a specific purpose, . which the Legislature declared to be injurious to the community. Justice Field concurred in the opinion so far aa it related to the two cases in which the State of Kansas was defendant He agreed, he said, to so much of tbe opinion as sustains the validity of the act of Kansas prohibiting the sale of intoxicants which are manufactured in the State after the passage of the act. He wan not prepared, however, to say that the prohibition of the manufacture of suoh liquors, if intended for exportation, can be sustained, nor that the State can forbid the sale under proper regulations for tho nroteotion of the health and morals of the people of any article whieb Congress may authorize to be imported. He was not ready to admit that New York or any other coast State can thus defeat an act of Congress, Neither could he couour in the validity of .the thirteenth section of the prohibition act Of Kansas, because he believed it authorized the destruction of property without due process of law. He could not see upon what principle the Legislature, after closing tho brewery, can order the destruction of liquor, whioh it admits may be valuable for medical or mechanical purposes ; nor could he see why the protection of the morals of the State required the destruction of bottles and other utonslj after the liquor had been emptied from them. The case of tbe imprisoned offioiala of Virginia has been decided by the United States Supreme Court in their favor, the State being sustained at all points. The court declares, in substance, that a State cannot be sued or coerced in the Federal courts, whether the action be brought against it by name or against its officials in their official capacity. Judge Harlan's waa the only dissenting opinion. Tha annual report of Attorney General Garland gives a full account of the business of the Department of Justice during the last fiscal year, together with statistics of crime against the United States: The number of ordinary snlto now pending in the Court of Claimais 1,110, involving the Sum off 13,230,090. The number of eases filed under the Bowman act is l.tju), involving about 5O,000,OJ0. Tho petitions filed in French spoliation cases number 5,900, representing 2,48a vessels and about $30,000,000. The amount reported in favor of claimants in eightyone of these cases passed upon is about 43:,0OO, . varying from Sue to 5,31H. During the last fiscal year, 1,777 civil suits were terminated. In 922 of these judgments were for the United States, in 102 for ths defendenta, 20 were appealed from the District to the Circuit Court, and It from the Circuit Court to the Supreme Court There were pending July 1. 4,054 civil suits, in which the United States was a party. During the year there were l'A907 criminal prosecutions, mostly for violations of customs and internal revenue laws. The Attoney General calls attention to the suggestions and recommendations made by htm in his last annual report in regard to matters calling for remedial legislation, and again urges the necessity ot immediate action thereon. These subjects are as follows : Fees of Marshals in the Territories, pay of Deputy Marshals, revision of the fee hill, substitution of fiscal for calender year, protection to civil officers and witnesses, fees ot witnesses and jurors, criminal procedure, perjury, and laws and juries in the District of Columbia. From the annual report of Secretary of War Eudicott, which is a very lengthy document, we glean tbe fo' lowing points: The expenditures of the department for the last fiscal year amounted to (11,386,155, while the estimates for the next fiscal year will aggregate (53,338,710. An increase is demanded on account of public works, including river and harbor Improvements, and for the military establishment and tbe army and military academy. The Secretary strongly approves of the recommendation contained in General Sheridan's report touching the extension of all possible aid by the General Government to the national guard oi ths different States, and suggesting a system of national encampment for state militia at tbe entire expense of the National Government Attention is called to the fact that the Pacific coast is destitute of fortifications, guns and armament of every description, while Ban Francisco is without a single gun which can be nrea with safety with the present charges of powder and modern projectiles. Favorable indorsement is also given to the Lieutenant General's recommendation that the present strength of the navy be increased by ,000 men ; and particular attention is caned to the importance of an increase of the artillery. In concluding his report the Secretary says : "The result of the examinations for promotion under the civil-service regulations which were applied to the war department in Hay were satisfactory. The total number of clerks examined was 1,014, of whom 903, or 95 per cent, passed, and of this number 353, or 33 per cent, obtained an average above 9 per cent ; fiftyone, or 5 per cent, failed to pass, their average being less than 75 per cent.

LATEST MARKET QUOTATIONS. NEW XOBK, CiTTLB f &.tO 01 5.73 HOOs 5.25 6.75 Wheat No. 1 Northern, 90 & .9016 No. 3 Bed 91 .92 Cohn No. 2 05 & .66 Oats White 40 & .44 PoBK-New Hess 15.25 a 15.75 CHICAGO. Cattle Choice to Prime Steers 5.95 M C.U0 Good 1.00 & 4.75 Fair Shipping 3.50 a Hoos Shipping tirades 4.73 5.75 Fi.orja Winter Wheat 3.75 4.50 Wheat No. 2 Bed Winter 80 .81 Cobn No. 2 30 m ,51 Oats -No. 2 09! j .S0'4 Butter Choice Creamery 28 $( .30 Fine Dairy 19 S .21 Chkese Full Cream, new 11 $ .1214 Boos Fresh 21 S .22 Potatoes Choioe, per bu ,8 ( .8 PonK Mess 14.50 15.25 MILWAUKEE. WliKAT Cash 75!j .78';. Cork No. 3 48'j : .4914 Oats No. a, White -flu, u ,32 Bte No. 1 01 ".& .03 Fonx Mess 14.75 a 15.25 ST. LOUIS. WnEAT No. 2 lied 8i a' .81 Cork Mixed ill .50 Oats -Cash 30 t .31 Pork Mess 14.75 iili.'jS TOLEDO, Wheat- Cash 84 cm .85 COBNCash i4 & .55 Oats May 3a'.,t .374 DETROIT. Dekf Cattle 3.75 d 4.30 Hons 4.21 :3 4.75 Sueep 4.110 4.75 Wheat No. 1 White A3 v. ' .hi)'.; C mN -No. 2 sasi .51a Oats No. 2 White 34 4 .35 CINCINNATI. WfiEAl - -No. 2 Hod 85 .80 !.j COBN NO. 2 35 a . .50 i OatsNo. 2 31 i :'3 Pork--Mess 1V0 ifi.OU lavs Hoos 5.0J .i 3.75 HCFFAIX). Wheat- No. 1 Hard ouv. 4 .111.5 Cons No 3 Yollow 01 .01 CattiiB 4.21 t f.-0 Hoos 5.0 1 1 .7 i INDIANA l'OLIH. Beef Cattle ', " s.w) Hoos .i. 0 Bhkkp :'.0J i. 0 Wheat No. 2 liod hj .nj,j Cors f'S .vi Oats Mixed "2 . 2 3 KAHT LIUBKIU'Y. Cattle i'r:m i.w ." Fair 4 0J ' 4. -o Coniuiou :V! -i.so Hoot ..I.. ii.il fbtCHii.. iu. i.Min. 4.?.J (91.49

PIMiTS MESSAGE. The Entire Document De

voted to Finance and r Taxation.

(kmgrf s Urgently Med lm to

I Mm the Treasury SuiplDs.

Our Present Tariff Laws Characterize! as Vicious, Inequitable

am

The Repeal of the Internal Revenue Tax on Whisky and Tobacco Opposed.

To the Congress of the United States : You are confronted at the threshold of your legislative duties with a condition of the national finances which imperatively demands immediate and careful consideration. The amount of money annually exacted, thiough the operation of present laws, from the industries and necessities of tbe people, largely exceeds ths sum necessary to meet the exigencies of the Government When we consider that the theory of our institutions guarantees to every citizen the full enjoyment of all the fruits of his industry and enterprise, with only such deduction as may be his share toward the careful and economical maintenance of the Gorerainent which protects him, it is plain that the exaction ot more than this is INDEFENSIBLE EXTORTION, and a culpable betrayal of American fairness and justice. This wrong, inftioted upon those who bear the burden of national taxation, like other wrongs, multiplies a brood of evil consequences. The publio treasury, whioh should only exist as a conduit conveying the people's tribute to its legitimate objects of expenditure, becomes a hoarding-place for money needlessly withdrawn from trade and the people's use, thus orippling our national energies, suspending our country's development, preventing investment in nroductive enterprises.

threatening financial disturbar.ee, and inviting schemes of publio plunder. This condition of our Treasury is not altogether new ; and it has more than once of late been submitted to the people's repreientativos in the Congress, who alone can apply tbe remedy. And yet the situation still continues, with aggravated incidents, more than ever presaging financial convulsions and widespread disaster. It will not do to neglect this situation because its dungerj are not now palpabi; imminent and apparent. They exist nono the less certainly, and await the unforeseen, unexpected occasion when suddenly they will be precipitated upon us. On the 30th day of June, 1885, the excess of revenues over publio expenditures, after complying with the annual requirement of the sinking fund act, waa Sr7,85,735.34 ; during the year ended June 30, 1880, such excess amounted to (49,405,545.20, and during the year ended June SO, 1887, it reaehed the sum of $55,507,819.54. The annual contributions to tho ninking fund during the three years above specified, amounting in tbe aggregate to S138.0 8,3i).9i, and deducted from the surplus as stated, were made by CiUliug in for that purpose outstanding three per cent, bonds of the Government During the six months prior to June 3J, 1887, ths SURPLUS REVENUE had grown so large by repeated accumulations, and it was feared Ihe withdrawal of this great sum of money needed by the people would so affect the business of the country, that the sum of i79,864,ioo of such surplus was apSlisd to the payment ot the principal end iterost of the three per sent, bonds still outstanding, and whioh were then payable at toe option of tbe Government The precarious condition of financial u (fairs among tha people still needing relief, immediately after the 30th day of June, 1887, the remainder of the 3 per cont bonds then outstanding, amounting, with principal and interest, to the sum ot $18,877,500, were called in and applied to the sinking-fund contribution for the current fiscal year. Notwithstanding these operations of the Treasury Department, representations of distress In business circles not only continued but increased, and absolute peril seemed at hand. In these circumstances the contribution to the sinking-fund for the current fiscal year was at once completed by tbe expenditure of f27,684,'263.55 in the purchase of Government bonds not yet due bearing 4 per oent. interest the premium paid thereon averaging about 24 per cent for the former and 8 per cent for tho latter. In addition to this, the interest accruing during tha present year upon the outstanding bonded indebtedness ot the Government was to Some extent anticipated, and banks selected as epositoriea of pubi c money were permitted to somewhat increase their deposits. While the expedients thus employed torelease to the people the money lying idle in the treasury served to avert immediate danger, our surplus revenues have oontinued to accumulate, the excess for the present year amounting on the first day of December to 855,2 18,701. 19, and estimated to reach the sum of I113.00.i.00aou tbe 80th of June next, at which date it is expected that this sum, added to prior accumulations, will swell tbe surplus in the Treasury to 8140,000,000. There seems to be no assurance that with suoh a withdrawal from use of the people's circulating medium our business may not in the near future be subjected to the same distress which waa quite lately produced from the same cause. And while the fu notions of our National Treasury should be few and simple, and while its best condition would be reached, I believo. by its entire disconnection with private business interests, yet when, by a perversion ot its purposes, it idly holds money uselessly subtracted from tho channels of trade, there seems to be reason for the claim that some legitimate meant should be devised by tbe Government to restore in an emergency, without waste or extravagance, such money to its place among the people. If such an emergency arises there now exists no clear and undoubted executive powF.a of belies-. Heretofore the redemption of 3 per cent, bonds, which were payable at the option of the Government, has afforded a means for the disbursement of the excess of our revenues ; but those bonds have al) been retired, and there arc no bonds outstanding tho payment of whioh we have the right to insist upon. The contribution to tbe sinking fund which furnishes the occasion for expenditure in the purchase of bonds has been already made for the current year, so that there is no outlet in that direction. In the ere sent state of legislation tbe only

pretense of any existing executive power to restore at this time any part of our surplus to

tbe people by us expenditure, consists in tne supposition that the Secretary of the Treasury may enter the market and purchase tbe bonds of the Government not yet due at a rate of premium ta ha aflreed unon.

Tbe only provision of law from whioh suoh a power could be derived is found In an appropriation bill passed a number of years ago ; and it is subject to the suspicion that it waa intended as temporary, and limited in its application, instead of conferring a continuing discretion and authority. No condition ought to exist which

would Juswiy tne grant or power to a smgie official, upon his judgment of its necessity, to withhold from or release to the business of the people, in an unusual manner, money held in the Treasury, and thus affect, at his will, the financial situation of tea country ; and if it is deemed wise to lodgoin the Secretary of the Treasury the authority in the present juncture to purchase bonds, it should be plainly vested, and provided, as far as possible, with snch chocks and limitations as will define this official's right and discretion and at the same time relieve him from undue responsibility. In considering the question of PURCHASING BONDS as a means of restoring to circulation the surplus money accumulating in tbe Treasury, it should be borne In mind that premiums must, of course, be paid upon snch purchase, that there may be a large part of these bonds held as investments whioh cannot be purchased at any ju ice, and that combinations among holders who are willing to sell may unreasonably enhance the cost of suoh bonds to the Got eminent , , It has been suggested that the present bondeddebt might be refunded at a less rate of interest, and tbe difference between the old and now security paid in oaab, thus finding use for tbe surplus in tho Treasury. Tho buccoi-s of this plan, it is apparent must depend upon the volition of tbo Holders of the present bonds ; ami it is not entirely certain that tho inducement which must be offered them would result in more financial benefit to the Government than the purchase of bonds, while the latter reposal would redude the 1 r ncipal of the debt by actual payment, instead of extending it .... The proposition to deimsit the money held by the government in banks throughout the country for use bv tbe people, is, it seems to me, exceedisgly objectionable in principle, as establishing too olose relationship between the operations of tbo Government Treasury and tho business of tbu country, and too extensive commingling of their money, thus fostering an unnatural re'Ianco in private business upon public lunds. If this scheme should be adopted it should only bo douo as a temporary expedirnt to moot an urgont nocresity. Legislative and oxt-eiitivo effort should t'onorally bo In tho opposite direction and should have a teudcuoy to divoroe. as much and as fas', as can safely bo done, the Treasury Department from private enterprise. Of coorso It ii not expected that unnecessary and extravagant appropriation! will be muds fatjuWl41lMthsJM( at

an oxoesa of rovenne. Such expenditure, besides the demoralization of all just conceptions of public dutv trbicb it entails, stimulates a habit of rookies iniurovidenoo not In tho least consistent with tbo mission of our people or the high and beneficent purposes of our Government. 1 havo deemed it my duty to thus bring to tbo knowledge of ray oouutrymon, as woll as to the attention ot tbelr renroserltativos charged with the responsibility of legislative relief, tho OBAVTT: Of Ot'B FINANCIAL SITUATION, The failure of tho ConaresB heretofore to provide against the dangers which it was quite evident the very nature ot the diffioul.y must necessarily produce, eiused a condition of financial distress and apprehension since your last adjournment which taxed to tbe utmost all tho authority and expndionts T.ithlu -xeou-tivo control, and these appear now to be exhausted. If disaster results from the continued inaction of Congress, the responsibility must rest where It belongs. 1 hough the situation thus fur considered is fraught with danger whioh stould be tally realized, and though it pretents features of wrong to the people as well as peril to the eounrry, it is but a result growing out of a perfectly palpable un.l apparent oauso, constantly producing tbe ssme alarming circumstances a congested National Treasury and a depleted monetary condition in the business of tho country. It uerd hardly be stated that, while the present situation demands a remedy, we can only be saved from a like predicament AriSf:",MeOur scheme of taxation, by means of which this needless surplus Is t iken from the people and put into the public treasury consists of a tariff or duty levied upon importations from abroad, and internal-revenue taxes levied upon tbe consumption of tobacco and spirituous and male liquors. It must be conceded that none of the things subjected to internal-revenue taxation are, strictly speaking, necessaries ; there appears to be no just complaint of this taxation by the consumers of these articles, and there seams to be nothing so well able to bear the burden without hardship to any portion of the people. Hut our rrosent tariff laws the vicious, inequitable and illegal souroeof unnecessary taxation ought to bo at once revised and amended. TbeSJ laws, as their primary and plain effect, raise the pries to consumers of all articles imported and subject to duty by precisely the sum paid for suoh duties. Thus the amount of tbe duty measuros the tax paid by those who purchase for use these imported articles. Many of these things, however, are raised or manufactured in our own country, and the duties now levied upon foreign grains and products are called protection to these home manufactures, because they render it possible for those of our people who are manufacturers to make those taxed articles and sell them for a price equal to that demanded for the imrorted goods that have paid, customs duty. So it happens that while comparatively a few uso the imported articles, millions of our people, who never use and never saw any of the Imported products, purchase and use things of the same kind made in this country, and pay therefor nearly or quite the same enhanced price whioh tbe duty adds to the imported articles Those who buy imports pay the duty charged thereon lute the public Treasury, but the ereat majority of our citizens, who buy do

mestic artieles of the same els, pay a sum at least approximately equal to this duty to the home manufacturer. This reference to the opeiation of our tariff laws is not made by way of restriction, but in order that we may be constantly reminded of tho manner in which they impose a burden upon those who consume domestic 1 rcxluc-U as well as those who consume imported articles, and th is create a tax upon all our people. It is not proposed to entirely relieve ths country of this taxation. It must be extensively continned aB tho Bourco cf tho Government's in

come ; and in a readjustment of our tariff the in

terests 01 American laoorengigta in nianuinocure should bo carefully considered, as well 1 the preservation of our manufactures. It may be called protection, or by any other name, bat relief from the hardships and dangers of our present tariff laws should be devised wish especial precaution against imperiling the existence of our manufacturing interests. But this existence should not mean a condition which, without regard to the pnblic welfare or a national exigency must always iueure the realization of Immense profits instead of moderately profitable returns. As the volume and diversities ot our national activities increase new recruits aro added to those who desire a continuation of tha advantages which they couceive the present system ot tariff taxation directly affords them. So stubbornly have all efforts to reform the present condition boeu resisted by those of our fellow-citizens thus engaged that they can cau hardlv complain of the suspicion, entertained to ii certain extent, that there exists an ORGANIZED COMBINATION along tbe line to maintain their advantage. We are in the midst of centennial celebrations and with becoming pr.de we rejoice in American skill and ingenuity, in American energy and enterprise, and in the wonderful natural advantages and resources developed by a century's national growth. Yet when an attempt is made to justify a scheme whioh permit) a tax to be laid upon every consumer in the lr.nd for the benefit of our manufacturers, quite beyond a reasonable demand for governmental regard. It suits the purposes of advocacy to call our manufactures Infant industries, Btul needing the highest and greatest degree of favor and fostering care that can be wrung from Federal legislation. THE WORKINOKAN'S POSITION. It is also said that the increase in the price of domestic manufactures resulting from the present tariff is necessary in order that higher wages mav be paid to our workingmen employed in manufactories than are paid for what is called the pauper labor of Europe. All will acknowledge the force ot an argument which involves the welfare and liberal compensation ot our laboring people. Our labor is honorable in tho eyes of every American citizen, and as it lies at the foundation of our development and progress, it is entitled, without affectation or hypocrisy, to the utmost regard. The standard of our laborers' life should not be measured by that of any other country leas favored, and they are entitled to their full share of all our advantages. By the last census it is made to appear that vf tho 17,392,099 ot our population engaged in aU kinds of industries, 7,070.193 aro employed in agriculture, 4,074,238 in professional and personal service (2,944.876 of whom are domestic servants and laborers), while 1,810,250 are employed in trade and transportation, and 3,837,112 are classed as employed in manufacturing and mining. For present purposes, however, the last number given should be considerably reduced. Without attempting to enumerate all, it will be conceded that there should be deducted from those which it includes 375,143 carpenters and joiners, 285.4S2 milliners, dressmakers and seamstresses, 172,720 blacksmiths, 133,750 tailors and tailoresses. 103,473 masons, 76,241 butchers, 11,309 ; bakers, 22,084 plasterers, and 4,891 engaged in manufacturing agricultural implements, amounting in the aggregate to 1,214,033, leaving 2,02.1,089 persons emnloyel in suoh manufacturing industries as "are claimed to be benefited by a high tariff. To those the appeal is made to save th"ir employment and maintain their wages by resisting a change. There should be no disposition to answer snch suggestions by the allegation that they are in a minority among those who labor, and thereby should forego an advantage, in tho interest of low prices for the majority ; their compensation, aa it may bo affected by tho operation of tariff laws, should at all times be scrupulously kept in view; and yet with slight reflectlc n 'bey will not overlook the fact that they are consumers with the rest ; and they, too. have their wants and those of their families to supply from their earnings, and that the prico of tho necessaries of life, as woll as tbe amount of their wages, will regulate the measure of their waif are and comfort. i,.t tho wl,ttm nt taxation demanded

should be so moasured as uot to necessitate or justify eituer tbe loss of employment by the workingman nor the lessening of his wages; and the profits still remaining to the manutaoturer after a necessary readjustment, should furnish no excuse for the sacrifice of tho

interests of his employes either in their opportunity to work or in the diminution of their compensation. Nor can tho worker in manufactures fail to understand that while a hUh tariff is claimed to be necessary to allow the payment of remunerative wanes, it certainly results in a very large increase in the priee of nearly all sorts of manufactures, which, iu almost countless forms, he needs for tbe use of himself and his family. He receives at the desk of his employer his wages, and perhaps before he reaches his home is obligod, in a purchase for family use of au article whioh embraees his own labor, toreturn in the payment of the increase in prico whioh the tariff permits, the hartUearned compensation of many days of toll. FALSE MHLOSOrU FOR FARMERS. The farmer and the agrioulturist who manufacture nothing, but who pay tho increased price whioh the tariff imposes, upon every agricultural implement, upon all he wears and unon all he uses, and owns, except the increase of his flocks and herds and suoh things as his husbandry produce from tho soil, is invited to aid in maintaining the present situation, and ho is told that a high duty on Imported wool is necessary for the benefit of those who bave sheep to shear, in order that the prioo ot their wool may bo increased. They, of course, aro not reminded that the farmer who has no sheop is by this scheme obligod in his purobaiea of clothing and woolen goods to pay a tribute to his fellow farmer as well as to the manufacturer and merchant: nor is any mention made of the fact that the sheep-owners themselves and their households must wear clothing and use other articles manuf aotured from tbo wool they sell at tariff prices, and thus as oonsumers must leturn their share of this increased prioo fc the tradesman, I think it may be fairly assumed that a largo proportion of tbe sheep owned by the farmers throuGhout the country aro found In small flocks numbering from twonty-livo tp fifty The duty 011 the grade of Imported wool which these sboep yield is 10 oeuts each ) er pound if of tho vslno of so oonts or loss, and 12 contsif of tho value of more than 3Jeonts. ft tho liuoral obtimate of six pounds bo allowed f.r eneli Heoea tho dutv thereou would bo 00 Or

' '.2 eonts, and this may be taken oh tbe utmost 1 vuhuueomout of its price to the farmer by reason of this duty. Btghtoen dollars would lU'is represent the inciva-al price of the 1 wool (ram twsuty.fUe s'joep. and 33 tliRt ! from the wool of nfiy sheop, and at ! praiaut values this addition would auiouut .to I tVom fiti)ir4 oil It priH, , ttl Ai

the farmer receives tbis or a less tariff profit, the wool loaves his hands charged with precisely that sum, whl .h, in all its changes, will adhere to it until it reaches tho eonsnmer.

When manufactured into ciotn ana otnerKuuua and material for use, its cost is uot only Increased to the extent of the farmer's tariff profit, but a further sum has boon added for tbe benefit of the manufacturer under the operation of other tariff laws. In tbe meantime, the day arrives when the former finds It necessary to purchase woolen goods and material to clothe himself and family for the winter. When ho laees tbe tradesman for that purpose he discovers that he is oi.Hyed not only to return in the way of increased prices, hie tariff profit on the wool be sold, and whioh then perhaps lies before him in manufactured form, but that he must add a considerable sum thereto to meet a further inoreass In cost caused by a tariff duty

on the manufacture. Thus In the end ne is aroused to the fact that he has paid upon a moderate purchase, aa a result of the tariff scheme which, when he sold his wool, seemed so profitable an increase in price more than sufficient to sweep away all the tariff profit no received upon the wool he produced and sold.

ITS "RELENTLESS GRASP." Wlmn tH nnmbnrnf farmers OnffSJied InWOOl-

raising is compared with all the farmers in the country, and the small proportion they bear to our population is considered ; when it is made apparent that, in tho case of a large part of those who own sheep, the benefit of the present

ta in on wool is uiusory ; ana, aouvB au, wuu It must be conceded that the increase of the eost of living cau, by suoh tartfjMaomaaa burden upon those' with moderate means, and the poor, tba employed and unemployed, the slok and well, and the young and old, and that It constitutes a tax whioh, with relentless grasp, is fan toned upon the olothing of every man, woman and child in the land, reasons are suggested why the removal or reduction of this duty should be included in a revision of our tariff laws. , In speaking of the increased eost to the con. sumor of our home manufactures, resulting from a duty laid upon imported artieles cf the same description, the fact ia not overlooked that competition among our domestio producers sometimes has the effect ot keeping the price of their products Delow tbe highest limit allowed, by Bucb duty. But it is notorious that this competition is too often strangled by combinations called trusts, whteh have for their object the regulation of the supply and price of commodities made and cold by members of the combination. The people can hardly hope tor any consideration in the operation of these selfish schemes. If, however, in the absence of such combination, a healthy and free competition reduces tho priee of any particular dutiable article ot home production below the limit which it might otherwise raaeh under our tariff laws, ana if, with suoh reduced prioo, its manufaotuie continues to thrive, it is entirely evident that, one thing has been discovered which should be carefully scrutinized in an effort to reduce taxation. The necessity of combination to maintain ths price of any commodity to the tariff point furnishes proof that some one is willing to accept lower prices for such commodity, and that auoh rices are remunerative, and lower prices proucedby competition prove the same thing. Thus, where either of these conditions exist a case would seem to be presented tor an easy reduction of taxation. The considerations whioh have been presented touching our tariff laws are intended only to enforce an earnest recommendation that the surplus revenue of the Government be prevented by the REDUCTION Or OUR CUSTOMS DUTIES, and, at the same time, to emphasise a suggestion that in accomplishing this purpose we may discharge a double duty to our people by granting to them a measure of relief trom tariff taxation in quarters where it is most needed, and from sources where it can be most fairly and justly accorded. These interests constitute a leading and most

substantial element ot our national greatness, and furnish ths proud proof ot onr country's progress. But if, in the emergency that presses upon ua, our manufacturers are salted to surrender something for the public good and to avert disaster their patriotism, as well aa a grateful recognition of advantages already afforded, should lead them to willing co-operation. No demand is made that they chall forego all the benefits of governmental regard: but they can not tail to be admonished ot their duty, as well as their enlightened self-interest and

safety, when they are remtnaea 01 tne laoi toac flnaneial nanio and collapse, to which the pres

ent condition tends, afford no greater shelter or protection to our m anuf actures than to our other important enterprises. Opportunity for safe, careful and deliberate reform is now offered, and none of us should be unmindful of a time when

AN ABUSED AHD IRBXTAXKU rjfuriijs,

heedless ot those who have resisted timely and reasonable relief, may insist upon a radical and sweeping rectification ot their wrongs. The difficulty attending a wise ana fair revision of our tariff laws is not underestimated. It will require on the part of onr Congress great labor and care, and especially broad and national oontemplatlon of the subject and a patriotic disregard of such local and selfish claims as are unreasonable and reckless of the wolf aro of the entire country.

under our present laws more wan xuux uwusand articles are subject to duty. Many ot these do not in ny way compete with our own manufactures, and many aro hardly worth attention as subjects of revenue. A considerable

reduction can be made In the aggregate by aiming thorn to the free list The taxation of luxuries presents no feature ot hardship, but the necessaries of life used and consumed by all the people, the duty upon which adds to the cost of living in every noma, should be greatly cheapened. Tbe radical reduction of tha duties imposed on raw material nsed in manufactures, or its free importation, is of course an important factor hi any effort to reduce the priee of these necessaries; it would not only relieve tttem from the increased coat cawed by the tariff on auoh material, hut the manufactured product, being thus cheapened, that part of the tariff now laid upon such products aa a compensation to our manufacturers tor the present pries ot raw material could be accordingly moaifled. Such reduction, or free importation, would serve beside to largely reduce the revenue. It is not apparent how such a change can have any injurious effect upon our manufacturers. On the contrary, tl would appear to give them a better chance in foreign markets with the manufacturers of oth

er countries wnu material. Thus nnrtimitv of extc

limits of home consumption avtng them trom the depression, interrupt ion in business, and loss oauaed by a glutted dome itie market and affording their omployos more certain and steady labor, with its resulting quiet and con

tentment. Tho question thus Imperatively presented for solution should be approached in a spirit higher than partisanship, and considered in the light of that regard for PATRIOTIC DUTV. whioh should characterize the action of those intrusted with the weal of a confiding people. But tbe obligation to declare party policy and principle is not wanting to urge prompt and effective action. Both of the great political parties now represented in the Government have, by repeated and authoritative declarations, condemned the condition of our laws whioh permit the collection from the people of unnecessary revenue, and have, in the most solemn manner, promised- its correction; and neither aa citizens nor as partisans are our countrymen In a mood ti condone the deliberate violation ot these pledgee. . , , ' Our progress toward a wise conclusion will not be improved bv dwelling upon the theories of protection and f roo trade. This savors too much of bandying enithets. It is a condition which confronts us, not a theory. Belief trom this condition may Involve a slight reduction ot tho adwhirh wa award our home nroductions :

but the entire withdrawal of such advantages should not be contemplated. The question of free trade is absolutely irrelevant; and the persistent claim made in certain quartan, that all efforts to relieve the people from unjust and unnecessary taxation are schemes of ao-called, free-traders, is mischievous and far removed from any consideration for the public good. The simple and plain duty which we owo tha people is to reduce taxation to the necessary expenses of an economical administration ot the Government and to restore to the business of the country the money whioh we hold in the Treasury through the perversion of governmental powers. These things can and should be done with safety to all our industries, without danger to the opportunity for remunerative labor whioh our workmen need, and with benefit to them and all onr people, by cheapening their means ot subsistence and increasing the measure of their comforts. Till? '!,.! TT.' I W1H AT.L-rMlORTAlfT.

The Constitution provides that the President

thai! frnm time to time fffva to the Congress

information of the state of the Union." It has boon tho ou atom of tho Executive, in oomplianos with this provision, to annually exhibit to the Congress, at tholoponlug of its sessions, tha general condition of the country, and to detail, with somo particularity, the operations oi tho different oxeoutivo departments. It would bo especially agreeable to follow this course at the present time, and to call attention to the valuable accomplishments of these departments during the laai fiscal year. But I am so much impressed with the paramount importance of the subject tc which this communication has thus far been devoted, that I shall forego the addition of any other topic, ana only urgo upon your immediate consideration the "state of the Union" as shown in tho present condition of our Treasury and our gem ral fisoal situation, upon which every element of our safety and prosperity depends. Tho report ot the heads of departments, whioh will be submitted, contain full and explicit information touohing the transaction ot tho business intrusted to them, and suob recommendations relating to legislation ia the public interest as they deem advisable. I ask for these reports and recommendations the deliberate examination aud action ot the legislative branch of the Government There aro other subjects uot embraced in tut departmental reports demanding legislative consideration, and whioh I should bo glad tc submit. Somo of them, however, have bees earnestly presented In previous messages, and as to them I beg leave to repeat prior reoommendstions. As tho law makes no provision for any report from the Department of State, a brief historj or tin. transactions of that important depart-

: nionr, togother with other matters whioh ituiaj

noreattrr " uuouiea essential to euuimouu u tbe attention of Congress, may furnish the 00 oaiou for a future, oouimuuioation, G0Vbi UMiYRLHO( W4Kutii ewtnVwi, ?i

HELPS TO HCALTH. Opening of the Fort Wayne Medical aa Surgical Sanltariom. Fort Wayne Gazette, Dee. 1, 188T. Yesterday Dr. Q. W. McOaakey opened

to the public the Fort Wayne Medical and Surgical Sanitarium, at 24 West Berry street Several thousand dollars hare been expended in fitting 0m place to be tho paradise for invalids it now is, and the pnblic will experience

a grateful surprise npon its inspection, and the sick will be triad to know that

at this invalids' home can be found tha

rest, the medical attention and the appliances for special treatment of diseases that only the best sanitariums afford. The entrance is at 24 West Berry street, but enough rooms of the adjoining building are nsed to provide) excellent accommodations for nearly twenty-five patients. These rooms are furnished with much taste and aut elegance that is expected at hotels of the first-class. On the east side of the principal building the rooms which were formerly nsed by the Park Honse as office, dining-room and kitchen have been converted into bath-rooms. Mr. H. F. Teague, of Indianapolis, manages this department and is assisted by polite and skillful persons, who furnish the visitors electric baths, Turkish baths, hot air baths, vapor baths, medicated baths, or such other treatment of this character as their condition may require. The massage treatment in here made a specialty. Patients will be furnished with m dietary specially adapted to each case, and those requiring operations will be furnished well lighted and well ventilated apartments, kept with a scrupulous regard to the teachings of antiseptic surgery IlECOKATIK THE HOVE. CURTAINS. Cheap curtain materials seem almost endless in variety, and curtains add an much to the appearance of a horns that it is in the power of every housekeeper to possess them. Imitation white lace curtains when spotlessly clean are desirable for ail rooms except parlors, but it is SO difficult to keep them in snowy perfection, and there are so many colored patterns in the imitation Madras and Mexican ganeea offered in the shops , that it is wisest to leave the former alone. The (muxes retail for 10 to 15 cents a yard upward, and come in floral, Greek and other patterns in all new tints. Some show a mingling of terracotta and olive green on a buff ground, or brown and crimson on an olive ground, both very desirable for a dining or sittinn room. For bed-rooms are shown pink and blue flowers on a eream ground, pale green and white, gray and blue and other pretty combinations. They may be suspended from ash poles with brass rings or placed on small brass rods close to the windows, outside of the shades, and fastened midway the sash with ribbons or slight brass rings. Scrim in cream, ecru and white is shown in a number of designs, and some of the prettiest sell as low as six and eight cents a yard. It will wash nicely with a little care and hits a fresh, clean look that other materials lack. Unless ribbon of good, quality can h used for looping it is better to take the curtain material for the purpose, catting ft b long staps and sewing together in a double band. The money saved from the ribbon is better invested ia the brass or wooden rods and rings on which to hang the curtains. The former is more durable, and as it comes in slender poles, more appropriate for light enrteins. A rod a half inch in diameter mav be Durohased for eight or ten

cents a foot, the rings for a few eentan dozen, and the brackets to support it at either side for ten cents each. Old furniture may be polished up by using a shellac varnish prepared as follows: A wide -mouthed bottle, good alcohol, as much as yon want, pint or quart. Shellno added as long as it will dissolve. Shake well, set in a warm place, then shake onoe in awhile. It will keep indefinitely if kept well corked. Should t e made several days before nsi'g. When wanted for me tarn out a little in a saneer (it evaporates quickly ). It should be a little thinner than good simp. If too thick add a little alcohol. Ub a small, flotvarniah brush. It is easy to handle and goes into all the erericae. An old kid g ore protects the handThe alcohol flies off quickly and leaves a thin coating of shellac It hi quickly done, quickly dry, covers scratches, and gives furniture a new look. Soak the brush when done in alcohol, cleaning until soft, then it is ready for next time. Save tbe alcohol used in cleaning, putting it in the varnish bottle. HOME DECORATION. A pretty home-made clock frame may be made by taking an ordinary, einht-day, m ion-faced timepiece with a common wooden frame, and having a large square case fitted to it, covering aU bnt the face and outside ring. Cover this wooden ease with plush or velvet, silver the rim of the dock, and put a pretty design if you wish it on the plush, something appropriate, and as sketchily done as possible in oil. One clock .tone in this way was covered with old gold pln -h and had a little design in white of Time and his sickle. This was an effective mantel ornament. On a Sugar Plantation; The relations between employer and employes on a sugar estate are unique. They are the nearest approach in ' America to a feudal system. Not a foot of land do the laborers own. Yet their right to homes and labor on an estate is a sort of unwritten law, so binding that they are seldom sent away exoept for very serious cause. They regard the mules and implements of the punt-' er as to some extent their own, using them to cultivate their gardens and' to haul their fuel. In directing tho plantation work, he seldom uses any harsh words of command; talks rather in kindly tones, scolds a little if needs be, but in rather a parental fashion; asks opinions at times from swarthy old "uncles" who havo a standing on the place as faithful men and experts in fane-onlture; knows the strong and weak points in the character of every man in his employment. Indeed, his rule is so mild that a stranger to plantation life wonders bow the uncouth mass of black laborers is hel 1 together and disciplined so aa to prodnoe favorable industrial results. The Cmtotry, Electricity from Fuel. Though the problem of converting heat directly into electricity has received muoh attention, as its great importance would warrant, no thermo battery has yet been capable of returning one per cent, of the energy represented by the fuel applied to it- Mr. Edison, however, in his "pyromagneto generator of electricity," aa deecr.bed at tbe recent meeting of the Amerioan Association for the Advancement of Science, believes himself able to get electric power directly from coal with an economy equal tsi and probably greatly exceeding, that of the indirect method of ordinary dynamos. Heppa ratns is based on the principle that the magnetic metals iron, nickel and cobaltlose their rnagrtetisabtlity when moderately heated, the heating and eooiing of these metals in a magnetic field causing variations in their magnet-, ism whioh produce an electric ottrrent in a lurrouuding ooty f wir,-4r(BT,

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