Bloomington Progress, Volume 20, Number 42, Bloomington, Monroe County, 15 December 1886 — Page 1

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lepMcan Progress.

A. . 1835.

!-." jVgfe HEBX-ISBEV EVERY WEDNESDAY

BL.OOMUVOXON, 1NU.

Ion CMnVe.- -rnftttm BtaOi," Stutk Aires emetCfetl.deeaeiev

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A BEPUBLICAN PAPER DETOTED TO THE ADVANCEMENT OF THE LOCAL INTERESTS OF MONKOE COUNTY.

ESTABLISHED A. D. 1835. BLOOMINGTON, INDIANA, WEDNESDAY, DECEMBER 15, 1886. NEW SERIES.-VOL. XX.-NO. 42.

A VALUABLE

Circuities Among the Best Fomen t Monroe County,

; . ., ... -';

'41

Family.

Tens, in Mvaue Oily, till ftr Tw.

THE MESSAGE.

President Cleveland's : Annual Communication to Congress.

-jiS-fife:;

Qar ForeissL Relations Condition. A Redact jn of the Surplus Re yenne Earnestly Urged.

He Renews His Recommendation for a Suspension of Silver Coinage.

. i .

The Fishery Troubles The Cutting Case Givil-Ser-vice Reform.

; tatigenship and HateraHmtioa

Interstate Traffic Capital and IVabar.

The United Sates, and China KegotiatinK Regarding ChiB6S6 Tmmjgratioa.

The Necessity for Coast Defenses Expired and Urged Upon Congress.

A rwMltlw EsWslisa Sational

tor Federal

'.-; flotPso flat rates Staf.- . , hMUkig( a constitutional duty, and

-failowiii m well eltahllabed precedent in tie

utMHlli Office, J. herewith transmit to the v',te(nt at its to iss. imbting. certain informa-

i'fr- ubi aeon i.w iHitinfitsissioni sor teraiaBv wm-

VKfe - ' roamoN relations

Goranrawnt has ecaisistently maiBtafned IT 'Wl mlatkais -of fundable tnrari all other ? ' powers, and of neitfiboily fttereet toward those j'l" alxim jjmiamrimiii an caaagaoas to oar own.

S;. ,'. wtlkArar6aMnmiite, ani nonaf tboaeare tfii.i tan ...nli nalmwiri ia a fidandl V

of .efaims ol

fnr tliR ast-

of tbs UniVxI

, jSMtaajuatoat CMli lor injuries (hiring the lata

'"-V?iaiii i.rr.nlirnTimilfir claims oomantiana.

? f . uMMiliMlnil by the CStili GammnMaf: v:h eertain

I ;amiaan atatM, bam devaiopaa anamoawoi

tfi.' -aniaaata a

rtrSmaamriaaK

UeK n anst can be- avoided is the

i . ajaiajaiaiwanioariBfiwMuwu. v nuuu r'4anthodMtoiWBOtiate, , cbtwbbb mnEStKnr. 83;- aho' anal treatment of iDoSenalie Chinese 5J. :lai,Iirt to y, been repeated in same of ffi.ttotar Western State and Terriuxies, and acta WsSFxUlBDav acaisst tkese people beyond the Saover otofaa local eonatitutMi aathorities to $&nm and dtDentt to punish, are repotted :;ia to distant Alaaka. Mnch of this Tioience 5"aia l trace toaee prejndiee and eompetitian labor, wKch nannot , however, josttfy the opTMWlM'i" f stranserswlioaa safety ia anaranteed

fcr our tremtsr wim anaa eona-'I withtne most

Itt opnitfngojr rest domain to thnnnrnoBe of ocr lawniven

SymtmWtKma -asslmHattniri and not to provide 3--mm nn. far ndlaaa antaaonisms. Tha

matntaming pooue the interests of

jtauuim the adontion

of restriction, bat tney should not

ran or inamauais 01 a

not withont assurance that

Govemmens of tanaa. whose friendly dls-

tnwarj as 1 am most tiacnv 10 rocoii-

wBl meet ns hatf way in devising a com-

remeay, oy wura an anoint ot aMnnsw amteraMon. joined to prt-

tactloc of thoseCliinese snbjeets who remain in

-sua oonntry. may ne aacnred. Jjeguiation is It Y- ssssoad to axseate the provisions of oar Chinese ;,ataMitlrai of 1SS toneaing the opium traflks. f -' . ' tXTraocKANio tbaxsit. ' , t' lWmtetIeood-vrinof theCokanWan Govera-,-:c,-majnt. toward oar oountry is manifest, 1. - situation of ftmarlnan interats on iJha Isthjrras of Panama has at times KIdsfamd eoaeern, and invited friendly action Jsohjng tothoftfifoiinance of the eng igementi Cf tha two nations concerning the territory emlaaniil In tha mtsroeaania transttV With the t-. autnalsnoB ot the fathmtan disturbances and tha saotion of the Btata of Panama into a ed- ..' J aval district ander the direct government at the - uousiilnHnnsI admjnistration st Bogota, a new ' - - - - ' w i l

IIImujuK mm wf memtimHmt nHiial mil f-

tlrailnirr sebpe for arbitrary exercise ot power

Iry the delegates ot tha national authority.

m m improvasoans.

between tne neonle of tna

and France, bom durina oar

straf da Car iadenendeace. and con-

tfnningtorday, has received afresh impulse in

United States, present a condition of affat-s scarcely realizable at the date of the negotiations ot WIS. New anddfast interests have boon brought into existence. Modes ot intsreonrso batwoen tlio respective countries have bson invonted and mulfapUed ; the methods ot conducting the fisheries nave been wholly choused ; and all this is necessarily entitled to candid and careful consideration in the adjustment of the terms and conditions ot intercourse and commerce between the United Statos and their se'ghbors aloiw a frontier of over S.WO miles.

lnts propinquity, cuuuuuujij m iusunv occniMtion, and similarity of illtioal and social institutions, indicate the practicability and obvious wisdom of maintaining mutually banefieial snd friendly relations. While I niu uufeignedly desirons that such relations should exist between us and the inhabitants of Canada, yet the action of their officials during the pnst season toward our fishermen has been snob as to seriously threaten their continuance. Although disappointed in my efforts to secure a satisfactory settlement of tho fttdiery Question, negotiations are still pending with reasonable hope that before tho close of tho present session of Congress the announcement may bo made that an acceptable conclusion has unon reched. , , , , At an early day thoro may be laid before Congress the correspondence of the Department of State in relation to this important sub.cct. so that the historv of the past fishing season may be lullv disclosed and the action and tho attitude of the administration clearly comprehended. More extended roforonoe is not doomed necessary in this communication, THE AX..1SKA BOOSUARY. The recommendation submitted laPt 5eor that provision be made for a proluuinavy reeonnoissance of the conventional boundary line between Alaska and British Columbia, is renewed. THE HAWATIAS ISLANDS. I expressed my nnbesitaiiing conviction that the intimacv of our relations with Hawaii should be emnhasizea. As a result ot the re-ciprocitj-treaty of 175, ttioae islands, on tho highway ot oriental and Australian traffic, are virtually an outpost of American oommeruo and a stepping-stone to the growing trade ot the FaeUto. The Polynesian island groups nave been bo absorbed by other and wore powerful governments, that the Hawaiian Islands are left almo3t alono in the enjoyment of their autonomy which it is important for us should bo preserved. Our treaty is now terminable on one year's notice, bnt propositions to abrogate it would bo, in my judgment, most tll-adiiseih The paramount influence we have there acquired, onco relinquished, could only with difficulty be regained, and a valuable coign ;of vantage tor ourselves might be converted into a stronghold for our commercial competitors. I earnestly recommend that tho existing treaty stipulations be extended for a futher term of seven years. A recently signed treaty to this end is now before the Senate. The importanea ot telegraphic communication between these islands and the United States should not be overlooked. RELATIONS WITH JAPAN". The question of a general revision ot the treaties ot Japan is again under discussion at ToIdo. As the first to open relations with that empire and as the nation in moat direct commercial relation with Japan, the United States havo lost no opportunity to testify their consistent friendship by supporting the just claims of Japan to autonomy and independence among nations. A treaty ot extradition between the United States and Japan, the first concluded by that empire, has been lately proclaimed. THE WEAKSESS OF I.TBEIUA. and the difficulty of maintaining effective sovereignty over its outlying districts have exposed that republic to encroachment. It can not be forgottsn that this distant community is an offshoot of our own' systsm, owing its origin to the associated benevolence of American citizens, whose praiseworthy efforts to croato a nucleus of civilization in the darlc continent hays commanded respect ana sympathy everywhere, especially in this country. Although a formal protectorate over Liberia is contrary to our traditional policy, the moral right and duty of the United States to assist in all proper ways the maintenance ot its integrity is obvious, and has been consistently announced during nearly half a century. I rsccommend that in the reorganization of our navy, a small vassal, no longer found adequate to our needs, be presented to Libera to bj employed by it in the protection ot its coastwise revenues, oun srsTEB anprmcic. The encouraging development of beneficial and intimate relations between the United States and Mexico, which has been so marked within the past few years, is at once the occasion of congratulation and of friendly solicitude. I urgently renew my former representation ot the need ot speedy legislation by Congress to carry into effect the reciprocity commercial convention of January W 1833. Our commercial -treaty ot 1831 with Mexico was terminated according to its provisions In 1801, upon the notification given by Mexico, in pursuance of her announced policy of recasting all- her commercial treaties. Mexico has since concluded with several foreign governments new treaties of commerce and navigation defining alien rights ot trade, pronerty, and residence, treatment of shipping, consular privileges, and the like. Our yet nneeuted reciprocity convention of 18S1 covers LDne of these points, the settlement ot which is so necessary to good relationship, andp.-opose to initiate with Mexico negotiations for a new and enlarged treaty of commerce and naviga-

and dedication of the

statue of "Litartr Krfiabtenme the

in Hew York harbor, the xirt of french-

to.Ameiean.

AeoBvtintien between the United Btatee and

? fsnaafaa aaMas waa sbmed at Paris on March 14.

P' ' - 'l; ara baa ldnly ratified and praeteiioad

. 'XX , : :1Um . ecammUao in to go Into effect

Vi'rf-S.. thame aana7nelHittos Ismiaation re-

trsnraaUZBD memu.ua abbosd.

Caaia have couture od to occur In Germany

rxog. nae o mnrm wrreaponoence xa reianon -tfc mltUege of sojourn of oar natnraliind

ot ueiinan ongia revisiung tae laaa or

l am nappy to Slate tnat onrra-

t eormtry have lost none of their Ualitr.

VHOtAsHt nnsa. or mtataat anon the amount of

i ttatm illegally zaetsd from certain

toamsnlp Unas were favorablv

sorted to ooth booeea of Concreas at the last

and. f trust. wlQ receive flum and favor-

hla sllimUmi atan early day.

The racotrrmendatton contained in my last an-

slliaoinui in relation to a mode of settlement QVSwnitary righto in the waters ot British

Beath America, so long a snb)ect of aniions aufmaee between the United Statss and Great Brttain, was met by an adverse vote of theSenAwttWh last, and thereupon negotiations

BOODxaw anagreamencwiHizier

rsuovarnraantior inepromui-

i and denm-

1 af anen; isint intemretation

i of tna artiaie' of the convention of 1818.

watlng mtlta'Terrltorfail water and iBahpre ssstWlaaef British provtoces as abould eW0 ta Canadian rights fcom BncroachnieoA trrUadtedStatMnshermen-and, at the same hW,irwnr the en joy at nt by the latter of the .tWBisjwl saranteed to them by such oanvenThe oiestionsiavotyedare ot long standing, Mf grava oonfc a ii uenoo. and from time to tune

. aw. nearly hmiim nnameaa as a cwrj n

lad hv i

ssrranmaeats by trsotiea have served to allay . flrlatlcah wnieh, however, has revired as each

IrrHaslOB. Temporary

' Shw last arrangement, mder the treaty of

WTU Ta stocgated, atter doe notice by the tJfeSad States, on Jane 3, M8$, but I was en-

opiairi vor oar ssasraws ine rarof tfaatseaaon enjoyment of the full

I by toe astmtnanng. treasy.

l Invested witn plenary

3-MaoaBBwawMai

s-: ininigotlstsa,aBhorigl

Si maa a parmanens seswemem, wer

THE CUTTING! CASE. In compliance with a resolution of the Senate I communicated to that body on August 2 lost, and also to the House ot Representatives, the correspondence in the case of A. K. Catting, an American citizen, thro imprisoned in Moxico, charged with the commission of a penal offense In Texas, or which a Mexican citizen was the object. After a demand had been made for his release the charge against him was amended so as to include a violation of Mexican law within Mexican territory. This joinder of alleged offenses, one within and the other exterior to Mexico, induced me to order, a special investigation of the case, ponding which Mr. Cutting was relea3ed. The incident haVhowever, disclosed a claim for jurisdiction by Mexico novel in our history, whereby any offense, committed anywhere by a foreigner, penal in the place ot its commission, and of which a Mexican is tha object, may, if the offender bo found in Mexico, bo tlioro tried and punished in conformity with Mexican laws. Jurisdiction was sustained by tha courts of Mexico in the Cutting case and approved by the

ex-jcntlve orancn oi mat liovemmons upon tne authority ot the Mexican statute. The Appellate Court, in releasing Mr. Cutting, decided that the abandonment by the Mexican citizens aggrieved by the alleged crime (a libelous publication), removed the basis of further prosecution, and also declared justice to havo been satisfied by the enforcement of a small part of the original sentence. The admission of such a pretension would be attended with serious results, invasive of the jurisdiction of this Government, and highly dangerous to our citizens la foreign lands; therefore I have denied it, and protested against its attempted exercise, as unwarranted by the principles of law and international usage. A sovereign has jurisdiction of offensos which take effect within his territory, although conoortou or commenced outside of it, but the right is denied of any foreign sovereign to punish a citizen of the United States for an offense consummated on our soil In violation of our laws, even though the offense be against 1 subjeot or citizen of such sovereign. Tho Mexican statute in question makes tho claim broadly, and the prlnciEle. if conceded, would Croats a dual reanonsiilltT in the citizen, and lead to a confusion

destructive of that certainty in the law which is an essential ot liberty. When citizens of the United States voluntarily go into a foreign country they must abide by tho laws there in force, and will not be protected by' their own Government from tha consoquenoes of au offense against those laws committed in such foreign country ; but watchful care and interest of this Government over its .citizens are not relinquished because they have gone abroad, and it charged with crime oommitted in a foreign land, a fair and open trial, conducted with decent regard for justice and humanity, will bo demanded for them. With lass than that this Government will not be content, when the lifo or liberty of its citizens is atstoko. Whatever the degree to which extra territorial eiminal jurisdiction may have been formerly allowed by consent and reciprocal agreoment among eertain of the European states, no auoh doctrine or practice was ever known to tho laws of thia country, or ot that from which our institutions have mainly been derived. In the ease ot Mexico there are reasons especially strong for pert set harmony in the actual exercise of jurisdiction. Nature has made ns irrevocably neighbors, and wisdom and kind feeling should make us friends. The overflow of capital and enterprise from the United States is a potent factor in assisting the development of the resources ot Mexico, and in building up the proporty of both countries. To assist this good work, all grounds ot apprehension for the security of person and property should be removed, and trust that, in the eats ot good neighborhood, toe n'-it- i. tciK-' to will be modified so as to elimlnit'o tho ent possibilities of danger to the peaco .,f tie: two countries. the wjsTnr.ni.Asms. The Government of the Nctherlai; t iut-t-i hibited concern itt relation to cortcm t ta; uie of our tariff laws, whioh are suppose i tmm to be aimed at a class of tobacco pr.luco.l i-. the Dutch East Indies. Comment would m unnecessary upon the unwisdom of !'. .' . appearing to have a special national d: -' r filiation for its object whioh, aUhp"gh c-.'iiti. tioual, may give rise to injudous. raH ' :.. PERSIA. The establishment, less than four years ago, of a legation at Teheran is bearing fruit in tha interest exhibited by tho Shah's government in the industrial activity of tho United States and the opportunities at benafioial interchange. FRUIT. Stable government is now happily restored in Peru by the election ot a constitutional Presidemvand a period of rehabilitation is entered upon ; but recovery H necessarily slow from the exhaustion caused by the late wax and civil disturbances. A convention t adjust by arbitration the claims of our citizens has been promised and is under consideration. THE TESTIMONIAL BBXT TO SIBERIA. The naval officer who bore to Siberia tho testimonials bestowed by Congress in recognition of tha aid riven to the Jeaiuette snrvivorH.

has successfully accomplished his mission. His interesting report will lie submitted. Tt is pleasant to know that this mark ot appreciation hei been welcomed by the Xtnssiangaveutment and people as liefitj the traditional friendship of the two countries. THE 8A9IOAN ISLANDS. Civil perturbations in the Samoan Islands have during the past tew years been a source of

to ana uiroe goy-

ai-mnanta liermimT. Great Britain and the

United States whose relations and extra-terri

torial rights in tnai impoi-iaui. group mo bu-

anteed oy treaties, ino wunimvnn ui nvW administration and the conflict of opposing iuttrosts in the islands havo led King Maliotoa to seek allianco or protection in some ouo quarter, rOfiardlcss of the distinct engagements whereby no one of tho threo troaty powers may acquire auy paramount or exclusivo interest. In May last Maliotoa ottered to plaoo Samoa under the protection of tho United StateB, and tho late Consul, without authority, assumed to grant it. The proceeding was promptly disavowod.aud tho over-zealous official recalled. Special agents ol tho threo governliK'Uts havo Oflon deputed to examine tho situation in the islands, with a change in tho representation of nil threo powers, and a harmonious understanding betwoen thorn. Tho peaoe, prosperity, autonomous administration, and noutiality of Samoa can hardly fail to bo socured. COBA AND POMTO IKOO. It appearing that tho Government of Spain did not ext. nd to tho flag of th United States in the Antilles tho whole measure of reciprocity requisite under o jr statute for the continuance of thp suspension of discrimination j against tho Sinuush flag in our porta, I waa constrained in October last to rescind my predecessor's proclamation of Feb. 11, lfieu, permitting such suspension. An arrangement wan, however, speedily reached, and upon notification from the Government of Spain that all dilf oroutial treatment of our vessels and thoir cargoes from tho United States or from any foreign country, had boon completely and absolutely relinquished, I avallod myself of tho discretion couferrod by la'.v, and issued on tho J7th of October my proclamation dec laring reciprocal tmspenslon in tho United States, it is most gratifying to bear testimony to the oai-nest spirit in which tho Government ot tho Quoou rofitnt has mot our efforts to avert the initiation of- commercial discriminations and reprisals, which are evor daugeroua to the niatiTiul interests and tho political good-will of the countrios they may affect. The profltaMe development of the largo commercial exchanges betwoon the United States and the Spanish Antilles is natural ry an object of sohoitude. Lying closo at our doors, and finding hero their uiaiketa of supply and demand, the welfare of Cuba and Porto ltico and their production and trado are soarooiy loss important to ns than to Spain. Thoir commercial and financial movements are so naturally a past of our system that no obstaolo to f ullor, f reel intercourse should bo permitted to oxisit. Tho standing instructions of ourroproaentativos at Madrid and Havana havo for years been to leavi no effort unessayed to farther those ends, and at no time has the equal good desire of Spain been more hopefully manifested than now. The Government of rpain thuB removing the consular tonnage fees on cargoos shipped to the Antillos, and by reducing passport foos, has shown its recognition ot the needs ol less tramoled intercourse. TURKjSY. An effort has boon made during tho past your to reuove the hlndranros to tuo proclamation of the troaty of naturalization wit;, the Sublime Porte, signed in IS'l, which has romained inoperative owing to a disagreement of interpretation of the elausoB relating t the ofiocts of the return to and sojourn of a naturalized citteon in the land of his origin. I trust soon to bo able to announce a favorablo settlement of the dillerences as to this interpretation. It hits boon highly satisfactory to note the improved treatment of American missionaries in Turkey, as has been attested by thoir acknowledgments to our late Minister to that Government ot his successful exertions in their behalf. VEXKSSUELA. The exchange of ratification of thoconvention of December 5, 1881, with Venezuela for tho reopening of tho awards of the Caracas commission uudar the claims convention of 1880, has not yet been effected, owins to tho delay of the Kxecutivo of that ltopublio in ratifying tho measure. I trust that this postponement will be briet ; but s.jould it much longer continue, the delay raay well be regarded as a rcscision of the compact, and n failure on the part of Venezuela to complete an arrangement so persistently sought by her during many years, and assented to by this Government in a spirit of internatioual fairnesn, although to the detriment of holders ot bona tide awards of the impugned commifision C ITI2EKSHIP AND NATURALIZATION. Irene w the recommendation of my last annual message, that the existing legislation concerning citlitcnship and naturalization bo revised. We have troatiea with many states providing for the renunciation of citizenship by naturalized aliens, but no statute is found to give effect to such engagements, nor any which proTides a needod central bureau for the registration ot naturalized citizens. EXTRADITION LAWS. Experience suggests that our statutes regulating e xtradition might be advantageously amende! by a provision for the transit across our territory mow, a convenient thoroughfare of ravol from one foreign country to another) of fugitive! surrendered by a foreign Government to a third State. Such provisions are unusual in tho legislation ot other countries, and tend to prevent the miscarrying ot justice. It is also desirable in order to remove proBent uncertainties, that authority should be conferred on tho Secretary of State to issue a certificate in case of an arrest for the purpose of extradition to tho officer before whom tho proceeding is pending, showing that n requisition for the surrender of the person charged has been duly made. Such a certificate, it required to bo received beforo tho prisoner'a examination, would prevent a long and oxpensivo iudioial inquiry into a charge which tho foreign government might not dos:ro to press. I also recommend that express provision be mode for tho immediate discharge from custody of persons committed for extradition where the President is of the opinion that surrender should not be made. INTEBNATIONAI. COPSBICSHT, The drl.:t of sentiment in civilized communities toward full recognition of the rights of Eroperty in the creations of the human iutellect as brought about the adoption, by many important nations, ot an international copyright convention, which was signed at Borne on the 18th of September, 188.3. Inasmuch as the Constitution gives to Congress tho power "to promote ihs progress of science and useful arts by securing, for limited times, to authors and inventors the exclusive right to their respective writings and discoveries," this Government did not fed warranted in becoming a signatory, pending the action of Con

gress upon measures oi international copyrigut now before it; but the right of adhesion to the Berne convention has been reserved. I trust the subject will receive at your hands tho attention it deserves, and that the just claims ot authors, so urgently pressed, will be duly heeded. ART DUTIES'. BeproBor.tafcons continue to he made-to me ot the injurious effect upon American artists studying abroad, and having free access to tho art collections ot foreign countries, of maintaining a discriminating duty against the Introduction of the works of their brother artists of other countries, and I am induced to repeat my recommendation for tho abolition of that law. THE OONSTJLAIt BEHVICE. Pursuant to a provision of the Diplomatic and Consular Appropriation act, approved July 1, 183S, the estimates submitted by tho So.: rotary of State for the maintenance ot tne consular service havo been recast on tho basis of salaries for; all officers to whom such allowance is deemed advisable. Advantage has been taken of this to redistribute the salaries of tho officers not appropriated for, in accordance with tho work performed, the importance of tho representative duties ot tho incumbent, and the coat of living at oaoh post. The last consideration has been too ofton lost sight of in tho allowances heretofore made. The compensation which may suffice for the decent maintenance of a worthy and capable officer in a position of onerous and representative trust at a post easily accessible, and where the necessaries of life are abundant and cheap, may prove an inadequate pittance in distant lands, where tho better port ot a year's pay is consumed in reaching the post of duty, and wheo tho comforts ot ordinary civilized exiitenoo can only bo obtained with difficulty anil at exorbitant cost I trust that, In considering the subniittod schedule, no mistaken theory of economy will perpetuate a systom which in the past has virtually elosed to deserving talent many offices where capacity and attainments of a high ardor are indispensable, and in not a few instances has brought discredit on our national character and entailed embarrassment and even Buffering on those deputed to uphold our dignity and interests abroad. In connection with this subject, I earnestly reiterate the practical noccssity of supplying some mode of trustworthy inspection and report of the xnannor in which the consulates aro conducted. In tho absenco of such reliable information, efficiency can scarcely be rewarded or its opposite correoted. Increasing competition In trade Ims Urn :iJ attention to the value of t':i . MS-i,,.r .i printod by tin T p-.ii,; it ..u ' - ": fnrfq . f t;.- '- .rirli!!.- to. lh.I to.- : : --fnl?" s' !! '-p-.rt3 Itav-".. i.tM f v.. -id Ui'ini.: ! f.v tliop. a . i-ni' 'i . : i-i.i.' Jtlt. 1- .li-OH'l. 'Oll'lt! iT-imf n ;,-...!. nt ti. oCv-'m'tng it: -vr .in, mid i.f ilv pr- -. -,i tiie "..-ts '"i-l Invou-''-1.)-! in i.r.-. .,- -m .. thf- nr.- jr.ii'-lt amip;i,' f..r by ni; jutvrea'-.! m tb(ti.auitloct;. vi hi-h tiiev ii'br-H.c

J Tt ii ypurt .f tbo Sfv'i!Hiirv of tli-i ;,i :,8ury 1 li!-;-i u, oviail the c'"iu;tion oi tiio .).' lie

1: - "v'jii and itt' e si-vtrni if.;i-i. -i r,i the Uovj ch-..:ii-' it .i la'od t ! d-pi-i -ntent. I especially I Xr tbo au ioii of Congress to tbo tocomI .,ii..oua contained in this and the last pro-

coding report or tho Sooretary touching the simplification and amendment of tho laws relating to tho collection of our revenues, and in the interest of economy aud justice to the Government I hope they may bo adopted by appropriate legislation. The ordinary receipts of the

j Government for the fiscal year ended June 3,

it-wt) were tejixi,iau,7'jv.uti. ui tms amount ?z,1)05,023.41 was received from customs, and 3116,KOj, 0:10.48 from internal lovenuo, while the total receipts as here stated were $13,7Ki,02().U8 f;roater than for tho previous year, the ncrease from customs was but 811. 434. 081. 10, and from internal revonnos $1,407,810.34, making a gain in these items tor the last yoar of S 15,841,2S5.U4, a falling off in other resources redutpg the total inoreose to the smaller amount mentioned. The expense at the different custom honsos of collecting this increased customs revenue was less than tho expense attending the collection of such revenue for tha preceding year by 3100,0,18, and the Increased receipts of intornul revenue were collected at a cost to tho Internal Revenue Bureau of $ia,I4 99 less than the expense of such oollection tor the previous soar. The total ordinary expenses of the Go 'ornmnnt for the fiscal year ended June 30, ma, wore 924-483,138.SO, being less by 117,783 797 than such expenditure for Ifce -year preceding, and loar-

ing a surplus in cue treasury at the

close ot tne lane nscai year oi a.M,u.)i.,js,uii, as acainst SC3.iG3.77I.i7 at the close ot tho

previous yoar, being an Increase in euch surplus of 531,492,817.29. Tho expenditures compare.! with thoso of the preceding fiscal year, and

ciassiuou. aro as ionows: f or civil oxpeuseB.

vear enling June 33, laso, $2l4i3.r),u l.oi ; voar ending June 30, 1885, 521,8-24,942.11. : For foreign intercourse. 1896, W83,aia,l8 ; 188-5, ' 514.1.9)0,5)11. For Indians, 1883, S001VJ15.817 ; lh8, SfiM, 2-19,203. For ponsions, 18', 483,404,- i 804.03; 1?8j, S56,102,20;.4'i. For military, including Tiver nud harbor improvements and araonals, 1883, S3U2),lli2.71: 18. Sl2.tiin.iV7S.47. For tho navy, including vessels, machinery and improvements of nvy yards, Mst, sPVJU?,- ' KS7.71 ; 1885, S10,021."0!U'3. For intorcst on put- 1 lie dobt, 1880, 50,58J,14-t.97; 1885, $51,380,2.3. i7. j

For tne uistnot cf uoiu oooia, loot), sa. iz, ;i.bu ; 1883, $3.4(19,450.93. Miscellaneous expenditures, including publio buildings, lighthouses, and collecting the revenue, 1880, $07,980, 783.04, 1883; S54.738 0 ill.21. For the current year, to ond Juno 30, 18S7, the ascertained rooeipta up to October 1. 188 ', with such rocoipts up to October 1, 18.S0, with such reooipts esttmatod for tho remainder of the yoar, amount to S33i,O00,O0O. Tho expenditures ascertained and ostiuiatod for rhe soma period are S-.OVJ.OJO. indicatei : an anticipate 1 surplus at tho closo of tho year of S90,oo,i,txi0. i-.xpokts. The total value of the exports from tho Unltod States to foreign countries during tho flueal year Is statod nod compared with tho preceding year as follows: For tuo year ending Juno 30, 1880. June 30, 1883. DomosHo merchandise S0O,094.529 S72,-2.94G Foreign merchandise. . . i;t,r.-.i,S01 li.noO.sOO Gold 42,933,191 3,477 8 Silver 29,511.219 S3,7$l.lS Tho voluo of some of our leading exports during the last fiscal yer-.r, as compared with the value of tlio same for tho year immediately proceding, is here given and furnishes information both interesting and suggestive : For the year euding 31, 1888. Juno 30. 1885. Cotton aud cotton manufactures $219,015,576 013.799,013 Tobacco and its nianu - fttCturo 80,424,903 24,767,305 Breadstuff's 123,810,538 100.370.812 Provisions 00,625,210 107,332,450 IMPOKTS. Our imports during tho last tlsoal year, as compared with the provious yoar, wore as follows: 1888. 1831. Merchandise. 5C1i,43G,130 8579,5), 0.1 1. SO Gold. 21,743,349 U l,j91,6SM.O ) Silver If 830,307 10,550,027.00 11KPUCTION Ol THE REVENUE. In my last annual message to the Congress attention was directed to tho fact that the rercuuen ot the Government exceed its actual needs, and it was suggested that legislative action should bo taken to roliove the poopto from tho unnecessary burden of taxation thus made apparent. In view of tho pressing importance of tho subject, Idoem it my duty to again urgo its consideration. Tho income of the Government, with its increased volume and through economies in its collection, is now mora than ever in excess of puhlio necessities The application of tho surplus to the payment of such portion of the publio debt as is now at our op'.ion, BUliJect to extinguishment, if continued at the rate which has lately pre railed, would rotiro that class of indebtedness within less than one year from this date. Thus a continuation of our present revenue would soon result iu the receipt of an annual income much greater than necessary to meet Government expenses, with no indebtedness upen which it could be applied. We should then be confronted -nith a vast quantity of monoy, the circulating medium of tho people, hoarded in tho Treasury, when it should be in their haads, or wo sho lid bo drawn into wasteful publ ic extravagance with all tho corrupting national demoralization which follows in its train. THE FPBFLrS. But it is not the simple ecistenco of this and its attoiidant evils wfilch furnish tho strongest argument against our present scale of federal taxation. Its worst phaso is the exaction of such a surplus through a perversion df the relations between tbo people and their Government a dangerous departaro from tho riles which limit tho right of fodorul taxation. Uood gov-ci-umoiin, of which every American citizen boasts, has for Its ol'jocts the protection of ovory person within its borders, with tho greateat liberty consistent with the good of tha oonntry, and bis perfect security in the enjoyment of his earning, with tho least possible diminution for publio needs. When more of the people's sustenanoo is extracted through tho form of taxation than is necessary to roeot the just obligations of tho Government and tho expense of its economical administration, such action becomes ruthless extortion and a violation of tho fundamental principles of a free Government. Tho indirect manner in which these oxoctlctis are mado has a tendency to conceal their true character and thoir extent. But wo havo arrived nt a stago of superfluous revenue which has aroused tho people to a realization of the fact that the amount raised professedly for the support of the Government, is paid by thi'm as absolutely, if addod to tho prioo of tho things which supply theirdolIv wants, as it it was paid at fixed periods into the hands of the tax-gatherer. Those who toil for daily wages aro beginning to understand that capital, though sometimes vaunting its importance and clamoring for tho protection nnd favor of the Government, is dull and sluggish till, touched by the magical hand of labor, it springs into activity, furnishing an occasion tor fedoral taxation, and gaining tho value whioh enables it to bear its burden, and the laboring man Is thought fully Inquiring whotter, in these ciroumstaucos, and considering the tribute he constantly nays into the public treasury as he supplies bis daily wants, he receives his fair shore of advantages. There is also a suspicion abroad that the surplus of our revenue indicates abnormal and exceptional buslnoss profits which, under tho system which produces such surplus, increase, without corresponding bonoflt to the people at large, the vast accumulations of a few among our citizens who3o fortunes, rivaling the wealth of tho most favored in anti-Demo-eratic nations, aro net the natural growtn of a steady, plain, and industrious republic. Our

zarmers, wo, auu muse vucugw uuwviy . directly in supplying the products of agricul

ture, sen lust, aay oy uay, ana as onen aa me daily wt.nts of their households recur, they are forced to pay excessive and needless taxation, while thoir products struggle in foreign markots with the competition of nations whioh, by allowing freer exchange of production than we permit, enable thoir pooplo to sell for prices whioh distress the American farmer. As every patriotic citizen rejoices in the constantly increasing pride of our people in American citizonsbip, and in the glory of our national nohiBvemente and progress, a sentiment prevails that the leading-strings useful to a nation in its infancy may well, to a groat extent, bo discarded iu the present stage of American ingenuity, courage and fearless self-reliance. And for tho privilege of indulging thi3 sentiment with truo American enthusiasm, our citizens aro quito willing to forego an idle surplus in the public treasury. And all tho people know that the average rate of Federal taxation upon imports to-day, in timo of peace, is but little less, while upon tomu articles of necessary consumption It is actually more, than was imposed by tio grievous burden willingly borne at a time when the Government needed millions to maintain by a war tho safety ond integrity of tho United States. laEVlSION OF THE BKVENtTB LAW. It baa been the policy of the Government to collect tho nrincioil port of its rovenuea by a

tax upo a imports, and no change in thii policy , is desirable. But tho present condition o." ,

anairs constrains orir people to uemanu tnan ': a revision of our rovenue laws the receipts ot tho Government shall be reduced to the necessary exponse of its economical administration, and tills demand slionld be rscocmized and obey ' 1 ,

the people's representatives in the lo-'-l:itie ( branch of the Govommont. Inroadju t-i. : ;iie.

burdonc of Fedoral taxation a sou p .one policy lequiros thivt such of our ' have built up largr and importai" m - undor present conditions should . ' . ' 1 donlv.andto thoir injury, dopi'-- ' udw.. tages to whioh thoy nave adapted t-ti f H but if the public good roquirr ' i!d bo content with suoh cons!': "i" a. 'all deal fairly and cautiously wi 11 ii ;!' f.. while the just demands of '.he i- ":1- ! r jwiet from needless taxation is 't -u- :y .i:i-er.J. A reasonable ami tinn-H- tin- I'loi to suoh a demand should poj!Wo wifcaoutdiHosti-'HiH dio . - '.-t rikI n ci!. fi ,uc. ision : ts al-niit ni-'. not-:lb-smt . -i. ' th of in-

: -. i.. a v : I iiior s. sb d to "iy jitut i' ! ' illtMVotS , . ..i 'L'un they , nic :'iw,n-i. V . p .'ii-- -lves MWit tiiero i? i . littoring i :ass, tij.ed witiiir .iiji' i: doom- ' . d .uixlc all cot. i:-ion -xorablo

Jdte or dully r.'t. i i -t iuzo in alior a ' iiiX n. wr in the vi tUh of tho np:Mic, ..and wo troat thoso ..'to have it in their keeping as citizens entitled to tho most caroful rogard and thoughtful attention. This regard and attention should bs awarded them, not only because labor is tho capital of our workingmim, justly entitled to its share of Government favor, but for tho further and not less important reason that t ho laboring man. surrounded by his family in bis humble home, Is virtually interested in all that cheapens the cost of living and onables him to bring within his domestio circle additional comforts and advantages. This relation of tho worklugmau to the revenue . laws of the country, and the mannor in which it palpably influences tho question of wages, should not be forgotten in the justifiable prominence given ta the proper maintenance of it e supply and protection of woll paid labor. And tiioae considerations suggest suoh an arranuemont of Government revenues an shall reauco the expense of living, while it does not curtail the opportunity for work nor reduce the compensation of American labor anil Injuriously atfect its condition and tho dignified place it holds in the estimation of our people. But our farmers and agrloulturiHtu, thoso who from tho soil produso the things consumed by all aro porhaps more ciroctly and plainly concerned than auy other of our citizens in a just aud caroful system of Federal taxation. Those actually engaged In, and inoro romot'ly connected with, this kind of work numbor nearly one-haif of our population; none labor hardor or more continuously than they. No onaotinenta limit their hours or toil, and so interposition ol the Gov-

eminent enhances to any groat extent the value of thoir products; and vet for mauv of the necessaries and comforts of life, which tho mo.t scrupulous economy enables them to bring into their homos, and for their implements of husbandry, thoy aro obliged to pay a prio-o largely iucroaBod by an unnatural profit, which, by the action of tho Government, is given to tbo more favored manufacturer. I reooinuiond that, keeping in view all thoso considerations, the increasing aud unnecessary surplus of national ioeom'? annually accumulating be released to the people, by an nLiendiuent to our revenue laws, whioh shall i.-h api-u the prico of the no. ossarios of lif.-, aud fdvo freer entrance to such imported materials .is, by .American labor, nay ho manufacturod into iniu-ketablo commodities. Nothing et.ii bo accomplished, however, in the direction of this lmich-iiecdcd reform unless the Bubjcct is approached iu i. patriot io spirit of devotion to tho interests of th" ontire country, and w th a willingness to yiold something for tho whole gooJ. THH PI. I1LK- llSBT. The sum paid upon the public dobt dnnn:; the fiscal year ended Juno 3u, isvi, waa $11, V.i,0l3.:Su. Durimt the twelve ino.itus cndd October 31, 11-8(5, thrvo per cent, bonds wore called for redemption, amounting to Mi.',2KJ,hi of which $MV'-I3,20 1 was so called to antwer tho rcij'.iirenii nU of tbo law relating to tho sinking fund, and liV:'.Mlti i for the purpoto of io luciug the dobt by application of a part of tho surplus iu tho Treasury to that object. Of tho bonds thus called tio-i,289, l.'o became subject, uudor such calls, to redemption prior to Kovouiber 1. lMji. Too reniniuder, amounting to iiW.lJS.430, - iiutiuc l under tho calls aftor tilut date. In addition to the amount subject to pajinent and cancellation prior to November 1, thero were also paid boforo that day certain of thoso bonds with the interest tlioroou. amounting to So,') 2,3i0, which were anticipated as to the maturitv, of which ;2.(ii4,R O had uot been calhio. Thus ifl07,:Ml,M had been actually applied prior ti tho 1st of Ko-vi-mbor, is.6, to tiio extinguishment of our bonded and interest-bearing dobt, leaving on that dav still outstanding tho sum of M,l3,443,112. Of this amount f86,8i8,7t0 was still represented by 3 per cont. bonds. They, however, havo been since Novcmbor 14, or will at onco tie. further reducod by $22,003,150, being bonds which havo boon called, as alroody stated, but n t redeemed and canceled boforo tho latter date. snTEn COINAGE. During the fiscal year ended June 30, 1886, there were coinod under tho Compulsory Silvor Coinage act cf 18 W, 2iI,k)S,ki silver dollars, and the cost of th-1 silver used iu suoh coinage was 23,148,960.01. There had been coined up to the close ot the previous fiscal year under tlio provisions of the law 203,882,551 silver dollars, and on the 1st day of Dooember, 183G, tho total amount of such coinage was $217,131,549. The Director of the Mint reports that at the time of tbo passage of tho law of 1878 directing this coinage, tho intrinsic valuo of the dollar thus coined was 94 conte ea:h, and that on July 31, 1883, tho price of silver leached the lowest stago over known, so that the intrinsic or bullion prico of our standard silver dollar at that date was 72 cents. Tho price of silver on November 3d last was -such as to make tbo dollars intrinsically worth 78 oonts each. Those difforencos in the value of the coins represent but tho fluctuations in tho price of sihor, aud they certainly do indicate that compulsory coinago by tho Government enhances the price of that oommodity or secures uniformity in its value. CHiri'LATINtt SILVER. Every fair aud legal effort has been made by tho Treasury Department to distribute this currency among tho people. The withdrawal of United States treasury notes of small denominations and the issuing of small silver certirtcates havo been resorted to in the oudeavor to accomplish this result, in obedience to tho will and sentiments of the representatives of tho people in Con;?ro3s. On tho 27th day of November, H I), tho people held of theso coins or certificates representing them tho nominal sum of 5100,873.041, aud wo still havo 79404.343 in tho treasury, as against about i14i,vJ4.(153 so in tho hands of tho peoplo, and 72,33.370 remaining in the treasur j one year ago. Tho Director of tho Mint again urges the necessity of more vault room for tlio purposo of storing theso silver dollars, whioh are not needed for circulation by the pooplo. I havo seen no reason to change the views oxpreiised iumy last animal message on the subject of this compulsory coinage, and I again urge Its juspeneion on all the grounds contained in my former recommendation, re-enforced by tho siiniificant increase of our gold exportations duriug the last year, as appears by tho comparative statement herewith presented, and for tho further reasons that the nioro this cunenoy is distributjd among the peoplo tho greater becomes our duty to protect it from dit aster; that we now have abundance for all our needs; and that thero soems but little propriety in building vaults to storo such currency, when tho only pretense for ita coinago is tho necessity of its use by the people as a circulating medium. INDEFINITE BE YEN OK LAWS. The groat number of suits now pending in tho United States Courts for tho Southern District of Now York, growing out of tho collection of customs rovenue at tho port of New York, and tho number of such suits that are almost daily instituted, ore certainly worthy the attention of Congress These logal controversies, based upon conflicting views by importers and the Collector as to tho interpretation of our present complex and indefinite rovenue laws might be largely obviated bv an amendment of those laws. But pending such amendment the present eou Ution of this litigation should bo relieved. There are now ponding about 2,503 of thoso Buits. More tnau 1,100 have been commenced within eighteen months, and many of the others have neon at issue for more than twentyfive years. These delays subject the Government to loss of ovtdence, and prevent the reparation necessary to defeat unjust and fictitious claims, while constantly accruing interest threatens to double the demands involved. In tbo present condition of tho dockets of thojeourts, woll-fllled with private suits, and of too focco itliowod the District Attornoj-, no greater than is necessary for the ordinary nnd current business of his office, these rovenuo litigations oanno-; bo considered. In default of the adoption by Congress of u plau for the general reorganization of tho Foderul courts, as has heretofore been recommended I urge the propriety of passing a law Iiermittiag the appoiutmmt of an additional :'odoral Judso in tho dibt.ict wbore thoa Government suit's havo accumulated, so that by crntiuuod sessions of tho courts dovot jd to the trial these cases may bo determined. It is entirely plain that a great saving to the Govemmont would be accomplished by such a romedy, and tho suitors who have honest claims would not be denied justios through delay. THE ARMY. The report of the Secretary of War gives a detailed account of the administration of his department, and contains sundry recommendations for the improvement of the service, which I fully approve. The army consisted at tho date of tho last consolidated return of 2,103 oftcers and 24.946 onlisted men. Tho ( xponsos of the department for tho last fiscal year wore 530,990,903.28. Including 50,291,31(5.43 for public works and river auu harbor improvements. I esioeially direct tho attont'oa of Congress to the recommendation that officers bo required to submit to an examination aa a preliminary to their promotion. I see no objection but many advanttges in adopting this feature, which has operated so beneficially In our Navy Department as well as in some bronchos of the army. COAST DEFENSES. The subject of coast defences and fortifications hud been fully and carefully treated by the Board on Fortifications, whose report was submitted at tho last session oi Congress ; but ni -nstruction work of tho kind recommended 1 , Hoard has been possible during tho last "oir the lack of appropriations for such ,1 , J " defenseless condition of our sea-i-at and lu frontier is perfectly palpable; i ,e oti uiuatioi made must convince us alt th tt cf.tit:. f our cities named in t'.o roj ,rt i-' il- ooard should bo fortili.ii. .'id '.) -it w,- a: on the most import.!' t ii t i -. tortiflcations should bo coii;iiicucmi at cj is. Tbo work has been tloro:i;'tiiy hi led and laid out, tho Secretary ,t Wat- rei is, but ali is dolaj'ed in de-fn-U ot Collar- - lioiml action. Tho absolute in,-. it. .ml d by all stindurds of prudence ui '..on. t, i our preparation for au etfeotunl r w :m-i rmst tho armored ships and steel H iv and i jrtarsof modern construction, which .iai 'i-rc : -n the cities on our coasts, is so api'iti-t-..! ihat I hope oifectivo steps will bo taken ;.. that direction immediately. The valunt'b aud suggestive treatment of this questi ui by tho Secretary of War is earnestly com-i-i.nded to the consideration of Congress. TUB APACHE WAR. In Soptembor and October last the hot tile vohies, who, under the leadership of Goronh .o, had for eighteen mouths been on the war 1 itth, and during that time had committed uiauy murders and been tbo cause of constant terror to the settlors of Arizona, surrendered to General Miles, tbo ii ilitary commander wbo succeeded General Cr-jok in the management and direction of their pursuit. Under the tonus of their surrender, as t hen reported, and in view ot tho understanding whioh this murderous savage seemed to entertain of tho assursnaes given them, it was considered best to imprison them in such manner as to jiroveut their ver ciiga?f ug in such outrages again, instead cf trying tiiein for murder. Fort Pickeus havinc; been selected as a safe place of confinement, all tho adult ma.los wore aunt thither, and will be closely guardod as Inisoners. In the meantime the residue of tho land wbo, though still remaining ujon tLo reservation, were regarded as unsafe, and suspected of furnishing aid to those on the warpath, had been removed to Fort Marion. Tbo women and larger children of the hostiles were alo taken thero, an 1 arrangements havo been made for putting th4 children of proper age in Indian schools': THE VfAR-VESSELS. The report of tho Secretary of the Navy contains a detailed report of tho condition of his department, with such a statement ot the action needed to improve the same as should challengo tbo earnest attention of Congress. Tho present naty of the United Mates, aside from tho ships in course of construction, consists of: First, fourteen stngle-tunvted monitors, uono ol whioh aro in commission nor at the present time serviceable, Tho batteries of these ships are obsolete, and thoy can only ho relied upon as auxiliary ships inhartK)idefenso,andtheuat'tersu(-h au expenditure urou thorn as might not be deemed justifiable. Second, five fourth-rate vessola of small tonnage, only ono of whioh was di'fignod tis a war ychsoI, and all of which aro auxiliary merely. Third, twenty-sovon cruising ships, thro of whioh uro built of Iron and of small tonnage, and twenty-four of wood. Of these wootlen vessels it is estimated by tho chief constructor of tho navy that ouly throe will be serviceable beyond a period of six years, at whioh tine it may be said thatot the prestut

naval force nothing woilhy the name will remain. All the vessols heretofore authorize! are under contract or in eourso of construction, except the armored ships, tbo torpedo dynamite boats, and ono crtisler. As to tho last of these, tbo bids wore in excess ot the limit fixed by Congress. AIIMOB. AND Ot.N STEEL-. The production ui tho United States of armor ami gun steel is a question which it seems necessary to fiettlo r.t an early day. if tho armored war vessola aro to be completed with those materials of homo manufacture. This has been tho subject of invi'Bt'gation by two boards and by two npocial committti' v of Congress within the last threo years, Tho roport of the Gun Foundry Board in Msi, of tlio lloiu d of Fortifications mado in January last, mid tlio reports of the select committees of tho two houses made at tbo last sossiou of LongrcBS havo entirely exhausted tho subject eo far as preliminary investigation is involved, and in their recommendation thoy are suhsttuttiniiv agreed. in tile event that tho present invitation of tho department for bida to furnish such of this material as ia now authori.cd ahall fail to mduce domestic manufacturers to undertake tho largo expenditures required to prepare ft r this new manufacture, and no other steps aro taken by Congress at its coming RCa 'lon, the Sooretary contemplates, with dissatisfaction, tho necessity of obtaining abroad tho armor and the gun steel fur tha authorized Rbips. It wruld seem desirable that the wu-ntH oi the uimy and tho navy in tbis reliant eh'rtiM rPiiBona' ly mot. and that by unitin.'j their contracts such inducement might be offered as would result in securing the domestication of thoso important interests. Tin: PCSTAL BEItVICE. The affairs of tl: o p stal service show marked and gratifying improvement during the past year. A particular account of Its transactions and condition ia given in tlio report of the Postmaster General, which will be laid beforo you. The reduction of tho rate of letter postago in 1-otl, rendering the postal revenues inadequate to sustain the expenditures, and business dopressiou also .:ontributing, resulted in an oxcess of cost to the fiscal year ended June 30, 1843, of eight and one-third millions of doilnrj. An additional chock upon receipts bv doubling tho moauure of weight in rating sealed corrcspondeuce, and diminishing one-half the chaigi for uowspai or carriage, was imIiosod by legislation, which took effect with tho K'ginning of tho past fiscal year; while the conbttnt demand of our territorial development and growing pop-ilation for the oxtenslon and inereaso of mail facilites and machinery necessitate n sto&dy annual advance in outlay. The careful estimate of a year ago upon the rates of expenditure thon existing contemplated tho unavoidable augmentation of the deficiency in tbo lust fiscal yoar by nearly two millions ot dollars. Tbo anticipated rovenue for tho last year failed of realization by about t'Ol.OX). but propor measures of economy have so satisfactorily I jolted the growth of expenditures that the total deficiency, in fact, fell below that of 188 , and a, that time tho increase of revenuo is in a Raining ratio over the increase of cost, demonstrating tbo sufficiency ot the present rates of postago ultimately to sustain the service. This, is tho more pleasing because our people enjoy now both cheaper postage, proportionately to distances, and a vaster and mora costly service than any other upon the globe. itetrenoTiment has been effected in tho cost of BtipplioK ; some expenditure) unwarranted by law have ceased, and the outlays for mail carriage have boon subjected to benoficial scrutiny. At tho clo -o of tho late fiscal year the expense of transpcrtation on star routes stood at an annual ruto of cost less by over $5JO,M)0 than at the close of the provious year, and steamboat and mail mossenger service at nearly 5200,000 less, 'ilie servico bos been in tho meantime enlarged and extended by the establishment ot new offices, increase of routes of carriage, expansion of carrier delivery conveniences, and additions to tho railway mail facilities in accordance with the growing exigencies of the country and the long established policy of the Government. The Postmaster Goneral calls attention to the existing law for compensating railroads, and expresses the opinion that a method may be devised whioh wltt prove mare just to the carriers and beneficial to the Government ; and tho subject appears worthy of your early consideration. OCEAN SERVICE. Tho differences which arose during the yeac with certain of tbo oooon steamship companies havo terminated in the acquiescence of all In the policy of tho Govommont approved by Congress In the postal appropriation at its last session, and the deportment now enjoys the utmost service afforded by all vessels whioh sail from our ports upon eithor ocean service generally adequate to the needs of our Intercourse. PUiElT SERVICE TO SOUTU AMERICA. Potitions have, howovor. been presented to tho department by numerous merchants and manufacturers for the establishment of a direct Bcrvico to tho Argentina Iter ublic, and tor semimonthly dispatches to the empire of Brazil, and the subject is commended to your consideration. It is an obvious duty to provide the means of postal communication which our comniorco requires, and, with prodent forecast of results, the wise extension of it may lead to stimulating intercourse and become tbo harbintver of a profitable traffic, which will open new avenues for the disposition of the products of our industry. The circumstances of tho countries at the far south ot our continent are such as to invito our enterprise and afford the promise of sufficient advantages to justify an unusual effort to bring about the closer relations which greater freedom of communication would tend to establish. I suggest that, as distinguished from a grant or subsidy for tho mere benefit o! anj' line of trado or travel, whatever outlay may bo required to secure the additional postal service necessary and proper and not otherwise attainable, should bo regarded as within tho limit of legitimate compt n ation for suoh - ervioe. RECOMMENDATIONS. alio extension of tho froo delivery s rvlce as suggested by the Postmaster General has heretofore received my sanction, and it is to be hoped a suitable enactment may soon be agreed upon. Tho request for on appropriation sufficient to enable the goneral inspection of fourth-class offices has my approbation. I renew my approval of the recommendation of tho Postmaster General that another asaittant be provided Jor the Fostoffico Department, aud I invite your attention to the several other recommendations in his report, FEDERAL PENITENTIARY. The conduct ol the Department of Justice for the lost fiscal year is duly detailed in the report of tho Attorney General, and I invito the earnest attentiou ot Congress to tho same, and due consideration of the recommendations therein contained. In tho report submitted by this officer to the last sossion of Congress, he Btrongly recommended the erection of a penitentiary for the confinement of prisoners convicted and sentenced in the United States courts, and he repeats tho recommendation in his report for the last year. Tills is a matter of very great importauco and should at once receive Congressional action. United States prisoners are now confined iu more than thirty different State prifions and penitentiaries situated in every part ol the country. Thoy ere subjected to, nearly as many different modes of treatment and discipline, and ore far too much removed from the control and regulation of the

Government, i-o far as they aro entitled to humane treatmi-nt and opportunity for improvement and reformation, the Govemmont is respouHihlo to them ond society that these things are forthcoming . But this duty can scarcely be discharged without more absolute control and diserotiou than in posaiblo under the present syBtoui. PRISON REFORM. Many of our good citizens have Interested theuiselvos, with the most beneficial results, on tho question cf prison reform. The General Government tliould bo in a situat on, since thero must bo United States prisoners, to furnish iniportan'i aid iu this movement, and should be able to illustrate v hut may be practically done in risss direction of tbis reform, and to proseut au oxamplo in tho treatment and improvement cf its prisonors worthy of imitation. With prisons under Its own control, the Government could deal with the somewhat voxed question of convict Iabor,ao far as Its convicts woro concerned, according to a plan of its own adoption and with due rogard to the rights and interests of our laboring citizons, instead of sometiinos siding in tho operation ot a system which caui.es among thorn irritation and discontent Upon consideration of this subjeot it might bo tho ight wise to erect more than one of these institutions, located in such places as would best subserve tho purposes of oonvonionce and economy in transportation. Tho considerable cost of maintaining theso convicts, aa at present, in State institutions, would be saved by the adoption of the plan proposed, and by employing tho in in the manufacture of suan articles as wero needed for uso by tho Government, quite a Urge pecuuiory benefit would bo realized in partial return for our outlay. Tilli OtIDU-IAL SYSTEM. I again nrgo u change in tho Federal judicial system to lnoo'i the wants of the people and obviate the delays nocossaiily attending the presont condition c aflairsiu our courts. AU are agreed that scmiothing should be dono, and much favor is i howu by thoao woll able to ad. vise, to the plao suggosted by tho Attorney General at tbo last session of Congress, and recommended in my last annual message. This recommendation is here renewed, together with anothor made i t the same time, touching a change in the laanner ot compensating district attorneys and marshals, and tlio latter subject is commended to Congress for its action in the interest of economy to the Government, and humanity, fairness, and justice to our people, THE INDIAN BCRKAO. The report of tho Secretary ot the Interior prosemts a comprehensive Bunimory of the work of the various branches of tho public service connected witl. his department, and tho suggestions and reco.umenuatious which it contains for the iuiprovoiuont of the service should receive your careful consideration. Tho exhibit made of tho condition of our Indian population and the progress of tbo work for their enlightenment, notwithstanding tho many embarrassments which hinder the better administration ot this important branch ot tha servico is a gratifying and hopeful one. Tho funds appropriated for the Indian aorvico for tho fiscal year just passed, with the available iuco:.no from Indian land and trust moneys, amouutlng in all to $7,830,775.12, were ample for the iiervice under the conditions and restrictions of laws loRulatiug their expenditure. There remained a balance m band on Juno 30, 1883, of Sl,0C0,02:!,3O, ot which $1,337,708.21 are pormauent funds, for fulfillment of treaties and other like purposes, and the remainder, 5329,235.09, is subject to be carried io the surplus fund as required by law. Tbo estimates presented for appropri.

atlons for the ensuing fisial yaor amount to 53 ,908,d73.04, or 4442,330.20 less than vhose laid before Congress last year. 'The present system of agencies, while absolutely nacessary and well adapted for the management ot Indian affairs and for tho ends In view when It was adopted, is, in ti e present s'lRgo of Indian management, inadequate, standing alone, for tbo accompi: shmon! of an object which has bocomo pressing in imt ortanco the more rapid transition from tribal organizations to citizenship of such portions of tho Indians as are capable of civilize! lifo . When the existing system was adopted tho Indian race was outside of tho limits ot organized States and Torritorles, and beyond tbo inimeulato reaau and operation of civilization, and all efforts wero mainly directed to tho maintenance of friondly relations and liho preservation of peace and quiet on tho frontier. AU this is now changed. Thero is no suet, thing as the Indian frontier. Civilization, with tha busy hnm of industry nnd the influence of Christianity, surrounds these people at evory point. None of the tribes aro outilde of (he bounds of organ , od government and society, except that the Territorial nystera has not been extended over that portion of the country mown as the Indian Territory- As a race the Indians are no longer hostile, imt may bo conni bored as subpiissivo to the control of tn Government, as few of them only are troublesome. Except the fragments of sovertl bands, all aro now gatborixl upon reservations. It ie no longer possible lor thorn to subsist by the oaaso aud the Brontonuous productions of the earth. With an abundance of la od. if furnisher with tha means and implements for profitable nT!-andry, their life of entire dopendouco upon Government rations from day today is no longer defensible. Their inclination, long fostered by a defective system of control, is to cling to the habits and customs of their ancoators, and thoy struggle with -persistence against the cbanse of life

which thoir altered circumstances press upon them. But barbarism aid civilization can not live together. It is impossible that snob in

congruous condiv.ions should co-oxbiton the same

soil. They aro a porttoi of our peoplo, are under tbo authority ot -our Government, and have . peculiar claim upon, ani are entitled to, the fostering care and protection of the nation. Tho Government con not relieve itself of this responsibility until they are so far trained aud civilized as to be able wholly to manage and car e for themselves. The path in

which they should walk must be clearly marked

out xor tuom, unci tney must oe lea or guiaea until tbey are familiar with the way and competent to assume tho duties and responsibilities cf our citizenship. Progress In this great work vrill continue only at the

present slow pace ana at gniac expense, unleas tbo svntom and methods of man

agement are unproved to meet tho changed

conait .ons ana urgent aemanas oi tne service. Tho Agents having general charge and super

vision, in many eases, of more than 5,000 Indians, scattered over large reservations, and burdened with details of accountability for funds and supplies, have time to look after the industrial training and improvement of a few Indians only: the many are neglected

anu remain laie ana aepouaont conai-

tions not favorable for progress or civilization. Tha compensation allowed these

Agents ana tne conditions ot tne service are not calculated to secure workmen who are fitted bv abilitv and nkill to urooorlv nlan And

intelligently direct the methods best adapted to Eroduce the most speedy results and permanent enofits. Hence tho necessity for a supplemental agency or system, directed to the end of promoting the general and more rapid transition of tribes from habits and customs of barbarism to

tbo ways of civilization. AUXILIARY INDIAN COMMISSION.

With an anxious desire to devlso some plan of operation by which to secure tho welfare of tiie Icdions, and to relieve the Treasury as far as possiblo from the support of an idle ana dependent population, I recommended, in my previous annual messago, the passage of a law authorizing

tne apiointmenii or a commission as an instrumentality, auxiliary to those already es

tablished for tho care ot tho Indians. It was designed that this commission should be com

posed of six intelligent and capable persons.

three to be detailed from tha army, having

practical lae&a upon tne BUDject ot tna treament of Indians and interested in

their welfare. and that it should

be charged, undor tho direction of tho Secretary of the Interior, with tbo manage ment of such

mattora oi aotaii aa cannot, witn tne preaeiw organization, be properly and suc-oeasfully conducted, and which present different phases, as the Indians themselves differ in their progress.

neoiin, disposition, and capacity for improvement

or iiumeciiato seti-support. tsy cite aia oi Buea commie sion, much unwise and use less expenditure of money, waste of materials and unavailing efforts might; be avoided ; and it is hoped that this or some measure wbioh the wisdom of Congreus may better devise, to supply the deficiency of the present system, may receive your consideration, and that appropriate legislation be proiided. The time is ripe for the work ot

sucu op agency. EDUCATION OP INDIAN YOUTH. Thero ia less otinositlon to tha edueiLfcfon and

training of tho Indian youth, ta shown by tha

increasiu attenaauco upon tne schools, and thoro in a yielding tendency far the individual holdinr of lands. Develonmertt nnd advance

ment iu those directions are essential, and should havo every oucourog meut. As tho

rising generation ore taught .he language of

civilization, ana iraiuea in nai'its oi industry, thoy should assume the duties, privileges, and responsibilities of citizenship. LANDS IN SEVERALTY.

No obstacle should hinder the location and settlement of any Indiana willing to take land in severalty. On tiie contrary, tiie inclination to do so should be stimulated at all times by proper expedients ; but there Is no authority of

law lor ruoJtiuu aiiuimuuui uu iwiu. ut uie rawervatior., and on others the allotments provided fcr aro so small that tho Indians, though

reaay a id uesiruig to settle aown, are not wininn to accent such small areas when thoir res

ervatiotis contain ample lands tot afford them

homesteads of sufficient size to meet

their nreaont aud future needs. The in-

o nudities of existing special laws

and treaties should be corrected, and some

general legislation on the sulij ct should be provided, so that tho more progreiisive members of the different tribes may he settled upon

uoraesteaas, ana uy cnetr examf m teaon otnors to follow, broaKlni; away from tribal oustom and substituting tnorefor the lovuof home, the interest of the faniilv. and the rule ot the State.

The Indian character and nature are suoh that they or a not candy Jed while brooding over unadjusted wrongs. This is specially ao regarding their lands. Matters arising from

tho construction ana operat.on oi railroads Across some of the reservations.

and claims of title and right of oe mpanoy set up by white peieons to some ot the b sst land within other reservations, require legislation for their final adjustment. Tho settlement of these mat

ter. wilt remove many emoarrase meats to progress in the work of loading tbo jidiaus to tho adoption of our institutions aud bringing them undor the operation, tho iufluonco and the protection ct the universal laws of our country, THE PUBLIC UOSIAIN. The recommendations of the Secretary of tho Interior and tbo Commissioner of the General Land Office, looking to tho better protection of publio lands and ot the publio snrveys, the S reservation of national forests, tho odjudica- : u of grants to states aud corporations, and of private land claims, and the incmcsed efficiency Of the publio lands servico, aire commended to the attention of Congress. To secure the

widest distribution of public lands iu limited quantities among settlers of residence and cultivation, and thus make the greatest numbers of individual homes, was the primary object o; tho public land legislation in tbo early days of tho ltopublio. This system was a simple ono. It commenced with an admirahlo scheme of public surveys, by which the humblest citizen could identify the tract upon which ha wished to establish his home. The price of lands was placed within the reach of all the enterprising, industrious and honest pioneer oitizeiis of tlio country. It was sool fo"nd, however, that tho object of the laws was perverted under the ayatoni of cash sales from a diatribution of lii-nd among the people to an accumulation of la nd capital by wealthy and speculative persona. To check this tendency n preferenee right ot purchase was given to settlers on the land, a plan which culminated in the goneral pro-emptlon act of 1811. Ibe foundation of this system was actual residence and cultivation. Twenty years later the homestead laws Were devised to more surely place actual home s ic the possession of actual cultivators of the i.oil. Tho land was given without price, the solo condition being reeidonce, inipiovement and cultivation. Other laws have foUowed, oaoh designed to encourage tho ocquironiont and use ot laud in limited individual quantities, but in later years these laws, through vicious administrative methods and under changed conditions of oonimunicatiun and transportation, have been so evaded aud violated that their beneficent pur. poso is threatened with entiro d of oat The methods of suoh evasions and valuations are set forth in detail in tho reports of the Secretary of the Interior and Commissioner of the General Land Office. Tho rapid appropriation of our publio lands without bona fide lottlonients or cultivation, nnd i ot only without intention of roBldouco. but tor the purposo ol their aggregation in largo holdings, In many caoes iu the bands ol foreigners, invites the serious and immediate attention ot Cougresi. Tha energies of tho I And Department have been devoted during tie present administration 'So remedy dot oets and correct abuses hi tho l ubltc laud service. The results of these efforts are so largely in tho nature of reforms In the process and methods of our land system as to prevent adequate estimates, but it appears, by a compilation from the reports of tho Commissioner of the Goneral Land Office, that tteim noillateoffootiu leading cases which have come to a fiaal termination hits been the restoration to the mass of public lends ot 2,750,000 acres ; that 2,370,000 acres are embraced iu investiga'Cious now pending bef or the department or the courts, and that action of Congress has been aaked to effect tho restoration of 2,790,001 acres additional, In sides which 4,0 0.0J0 e.cren havo been withhold from reservation and the rights ot cntrv thereon maintained. I recommend tbe REPEAL OV THE PRK-KMPTlOit AND TIMB8BCC1.TCRE ACTS, aud that tho homestead laws ho so amended as to hotter secure compliance, and cultivation for tho period of five years from date of entry without oommutatiou or provtuiun for spceulotie relinquishment. I also recommend the roIieal of the u t i.uu law:., nn! ws .? shaU io the sleosnie of .ui'iroaa te -emend thoBo laws as to veii l. i- tin m bus 1 able to abuse. 1;'ho f-e tidy with wnieh tiitip. .trs are mado roaultn m land ftivnnm dn n instead of land distribu'i'm an t that the pui l... tomalu be sooupsdto 'IC'V-, It iua ! e deesmeu advisable to proTtue by IcgMlatiou aomo guards

:'- Ldl

--';t .

and checks noon tne nllanathm af

rights and Inula nn I Ihni illu imin Haiiiiila

issue. v FENCDXO PUBLIO LANDS. Last year an executive proclajnasoo WM tor sued directing the ramoval of foieef Tush, inclosed the publio domain. Kjtaf of these have been removed, in. i)1xiiTiiiii to suoh order, bnt much of the pnbija UfjtS" stin remains within the lines of these uhlawtol fences. The Ingenious ttwtnoda resorted 16 IB order to continue theie trespasses, siditeJ-, dlhood of the pretenses by which, id aetna ' cases, suoh inalusurea aro justified, aivMly detailed in the report of the Secretary 0(! ttM Int-' rlor. The removal of the fences still rema4ttV ing, whioh inclose puMie lands, wULM enforesd with all the authority and means with wh4eh tho executive branch '4 the Govertioent Is or: shall be invested by the Congress for tbat KOrpose. ; OOTEIUntlST VBKaTOWb The report of the CksnmisstoiiaT: of Ftaskna contains a detailed iind most aatisfaotory-.ait-hibit ot the operations of the PanslunBtrMatt. ouoihk too i,.w.mid year tiie auttt Ol' WO), dono was tho largost te any year lBOe tl. Sanitation of the bureau; aodlt has bemdooe at less cost thou during the preriiiris'.year in" every division. On tbir SMh day tt'ttaXMK there were .5,7H3 pensioners on the lls ot the bureau. Since 1861 there have boon 1,018,75 applications for pensions filed:.' of .which. 78,834 were based upon service in tta' trar ot lHi-2. Thero were 621, 154 of these ainlfeatton allowod, including 00,1'!8 to the solic)rt of ISU

ana weir wiaows. -i-aa total. amou RTrmioinr

ier of new ponsions allowed dnrinal

ber than has been allowed in

save one since 180 L Toe names of

sioners wnien nan. ucien from the pension roll -s-an

year, and after deducting those drop; the same time for various causes, am

remains for the year of 2i5B nanies, vIMiBy' : -' T.. ...... , ion, A '.ra-',nM. ' - ir j,T

v o... nt. , j, tail, u mpiwww lyywtjfl

last-mentioned date, and dm

of Congress, 644 such acta became layim,

SPECIAL PICtSlOH LAWS-. It soemn to me that ro one can a pension establiiihment uad Ms opera out being eonvinced that ttuonoh its

tality Justice can be very neeriyctone tt

are entitiea under tires ens laws so saaj i.i.h1i, -i.- n ........ . u

that cases exist well entitled to toilet Mli$v

wvoriuiuuoiiDjilu inweani wnrvmSBp,$iA4 really worthy csWs. O) this- etesa tsfrtfelfe& PKS

onlv look bv miafortnna the kind or

of proof which tho law and tions of tbe bureau require, or

tnougn their merit tt for some reason or other, c

justly dealt with through general hv

cououtions miiy jusniy

gross ana special

concressiora tho fleHlienitA

Pension Bureau on the merits, or toimn 'Jfe..7?wl

favorable action when it oould not be expected , under the most liberal execution ot ssjsBets4i: ' f "' laws, it must bo admitted opens Ite4:s:i''fi allowance ot questlonablt claims, tl'pteBB-' " t) tho legislative and execntlve braiililws.jrv',A' the Government applications caaMiduMrf-i&.-:-'s within tho law and plainly itovold,--.o' ' ; merit, but so surrounded by smlfmeatt.sad ,'

patriotic ieeung mat way are nara to rests.

ra.oncr.EXT fdhihcui I suppose it will not bo denied

claims for pension are made without

tnatmany nave oeen auowea npon

mmm

1 fMM--

eoial enactments, birtraeostte tbs'Ci a special peiakm ast id UVsi aUlf and careful detemlnutian of th ',

representations. This bal been VMl)nadfe:

the l'ension Bureau, nocnalv fn tills btnmnrSfllr,

administrations. The nsateamatlis;BpTij

oi any system ior one uisifiouMua m ueitiiHi.

t.1Wl--m Tt Will h. CAAM W.W. .W. fctiMfcrf-taiV "V

Coiiumasionor that there m now- ptM by th Government 131 different rates of ptrttsmn. - 1 , Tbe Commissioner esthrtates, htm the basf Information he can obtain,, that 9, Mot ttsMfi who have served in the army s mtr of ttre United States are now supported to 'ioBor lot part from publio funds- or by orgaj)lsatait-' ties, exclusive of those in eeldiWhjanettmriaT

uio uiAuvttou ami wnm w hps iKnaann

Only 13 per cent of these am ponstrasrs, wh of tho entire number of roan furmsM tor

In l.i oAHilnffllb. tTlMa-Ma

their widows and relative), have bdnociow' .

arc in tne receipt or pensions. - '

The American people, with a natrtcswanaT yv-

grateful regard for our ej-soldiar,t, ttw lanad - :

and too sacred to be monopt ilised f: y- iu advocatea. arfi not onlv wlllins. bat Alt'

equal and exact justice Bboaid be Amt''oVi i honest olaunants for pensitoa. In liisu-rWM the friendless and destitute soldier dsMOdeS .'.-

on publio oharlty. if otherwise entmed, ttaspre- - . j ctsely the same right to share in h..rols1lat- ';'. tlj ihiiia ftw thn.it )i. t-noht Bub n n ft lifcVii Mta, . -Vfv:S

ties, as those'bettor able, Huong irtssBtt' ssa MM$ iuenee, to push their clai sis. -JsYisy.ptsja- i j S

nuab in gn&uinfD. Booar oar pmnn w v any other grounds than actual eorriBOy lnti

vi.TOO.no twuuw u. nw- imim-, fll i,,-i ' J

slons are Increased onotteirgTomadatiiailtho ' merits of the claim, work anmjSftiMtxC'tlM bravo and crippled, but poor and f riendtofa, sol-1

uier, wno is negiectea, or w-ao matn-. ueoooenu

win tne smallest sum aucwva unci laws. There are far too many neig In which are found clarinet crises of i

of treatment in the matter of peiislbaa ; c

they are lantely due to a yielding, in the real', l '

sion Bureau to impcMrtuzcty on tw- pars ;,.:,l

of those other than the

who are especially interested, or tliey arise from

nin.-vu: KwiwiMU"AtaBsntvl nnTl.'

xne men who fought side oy tctde Kt aide bv side when they psxminste tit'

nation s kind remembrance.

tionof fairness and ilia ti Be fta onv

ana the protection of the satrlotta'il

our citizens from perversion and vtolencsv

w tne auoptioa ox apeosion syssem nvaavassK . ; comprehensive onough to oo-rer evory uisiUm geucy, and wbioh shall n ake umiauijjMsjy , an objectionable volume of. special leststsv .. .; tion. As long as we adre , to ths'sprlik-' ciple of granting pensions for seulou, '- .-' and disabil.iy aa the result ( the sarrfeis.ttte' : allowance ot pensions shooltl be nstrtosed to: r cases presenting these features. BTjiy .pai'. " triotic heart responds to a tender ff"('.fT"t) ' for those who, having served their ttMpitrjiaOf - . g and well, are roduood to dettttot Da lafrti pcudeaoo, not as an incident of ttietr sertoe,, . ;, but with advancing age, or irougji alfkiiiiaa. ' or misfortune. We are all tamiited fpljfk:, coutemplatlon of such a ocaidlttnh; to ,snp.. . ply relief and ore often Inipaslesrt o-'toV limitations ot pnblia dntlt Xiehlittg SV5 no one in the desire to trtdTdM -ytis feeling of consideration, I call .noVtBfr, .,1 myself of the conviction tbatlf Ihessi e-Mif :4 are to be relie-red they and m&:m$m&jpf, entitled to the benefit of an eiarttiieW .iBB. -which relief may be olaioMd aaa tf&vmA;,- .. that suoh relief should be grsnted vodMPttm :-,;- sanction ot law, not In evasion st it :nor shtmU . such worthy objects of care, all iwtiatesnliasil. . -..'I

be remitted to the nnednal cipstsiion of Sjniat. ,

it?

fflai l"C': CS

tVtv nr tha t.tndrtr murriai at aoeiaj.

eal Influence, m lib lliuli n lull t illanilmflietliia

The discharged soldiers aikd saitors.-- .aK-

ittu (vuuuj .ta vw "Jft ., Vii.

interested witn ns in

faithful executiou of whoesom lMf. 1

not be swerved from tneir autv of

by artful appeals to their spirit ill t

tieni or common pent ana Bum mis thev exact as a test of devotion toE

a willingness to neglect public d ty in ths4r he- . half. . ':.

THE PATENT OCTttXS. . - ; s. i - - .-.--J On the if Marsh. 1DH5L aba eiiiMat . bud... ' ' ' '

noss of tie Patent Office wai oa an sfss: i-if -

aso nvo ana a iuui bmiheji wmmit-'y

At tne ciose or tne was nscai wnm-'.-r such current work was but thrcaoashs 1st '-.

arrears, and it is asserted and bdleted tba taV

the next tew months the OMStT UKtmaaam sm.. --v --s

examination of an application fat a piseht will , ... i.V-.;

bo bnt nomhial. The number of aDnueataons .

for patents durins the last fhMal inetad ' .5 St

UIIUIU FUW. MM (MtBRmwiH WflimiM -' . V

the number received during th prtMinindS'eer.V -

The reoeipts of the Patent QflliiM du

year aggregate Sl.WMttf.Su, isiai eh ,:.- OJfi office to turn into the Treaatury, over. ,nd. . -

The number of patents granted diutng 'ns'ilsM'

', including reissues, tnd&xurs d;

above all expenditures, about 9U,19i3X

fiscal year.

signs, auu laoeia, was -3,oi'l a 3

quite largely in excess of that of (my pre vear. The report of the Cauuni iidaner i

the office to be In a prosperous toaatttetZl eonsequently increasing in its blifcj;Ii(o'

VI OMV Ot 1U1W ! MUU AU"J, '1B' 11 mated for the rear ending June an.

(033,900. The amount eatimstel tor the'. I

year encung june au, low, la Wins,T,'.t.

TBS HPJBSlUJiaSIl BAILBOiina.

The Secretary of the mtefioratuHeabii a

ill lub uian ior tua uavmsoi ox wu ib

di tne rocino suosiaxsearoaat wsbjij

his suggestion nas tne uanimoaB i

ot the persons selected br the Otn

act as Directors of these nieds wdpRae J

mtureaui 01 u cuium. neawHI lit isBf:

iireeiiuii. in (xmsiuenna; snepssn ole matters which abould be ta

count. 1 1 my opinion, are the sUui

r-n. ............ . .. - illArt Mu. -kt

to secure the payment of the triitirpal-,e; lif--lerest ot its dobt. '''-'i.y'

UiTEBSTATB TBABwIO, - ' U By a recent decision of the Susr 3ncrM ei-

tbe United States it has bean a&uclfs&Hsii! the laws of the several States aslNspSsRicW regulate rates of ' rrttrri1rni Trjttrti rajlrnairts If euch regulation interferes wli tiie "iriits ;of earriage from one State into snothiir. Til,tBfe-"-portant Held of control Bad regstom iVpxyl&at been thus left entirely njtomapteil, '-!) ;jlr tiedienoy of Federal action ujon UiBi ssMeat -'' worthy of oonsidoitatibn, '

CAFXTAXi AND XiaSHXSL - .' . The relatione of labor to csrrftelaadaf tabarv

Ing men to tneir iiinl n nn sm it Ihni iiliiiinl

concern w every paoi-iouu oidciien, tv ssst

are strained aud distorted, unjusttwtltu .ei

are ant to be insisted unom bv bush

and in the controversy wbioh retiolto

i are or ait ana tne orosi'eritv or setst

jeopardized. Any rntoirvention f

era tiovernment, witmn ana

its constitutional authoritv. so

condition should be wilUifll

in a speoiai message txattov flreaa mi it iM-.t MaaleAa .t i

enlargement of our nreaeiit TjftSftf

adding to ite present feuiotiotMl' t

lu uitration in cases wnere Ulfteci tweon employes and cunphkyeM.

ainercnces roacn auon a w

nterimition ot commeree

tbo application of this remedy hi sail

uovonuutnu xuiKav oe l within its oonsUtuUisaal

we might reasonably hop commission. If carefuUy si

v . 1 o v

W9imillKe'tl

I Hill 'I sasjBMBW--'ijAjm

'" . ..:--jt.