Bloomington Progress, Volume 15, Number 35, Bloomington, Monroe County, 14 December 1881 — Page 1
"Waal to poel'e lovei To wrt e a frlrl a annuel, To sget ting, ot assae satin thing. And fustUiiize anon tt. 'Altai Is poet's fam 7 Sad hint about hi reason, And sadder iikh from a?xeteerr. To to returned in.eeaeoti. "Wfcere (to tho poet's lines? Answer, ) ! evening tapers I Te subni-R facta, ye golden curls. Speak fnra your fulded paper! The poet's future liol&v Koeitic wreath abovebiro; Kir- slated roof, nor virninhed chaise, Nor wife r cbl'-d. A . km lot. IEskI of ibfl v ilisre ins, Who worses oe on at'u tTa- grass ii Wavk, the giavcs !a greet , The .Btta.h in Latin), Trust Lot to them who eay In stinzas they afor- thee: Oh, rather sleep, in ill irclnard sty. With am awl cbernba o'er Ihee !
PRESIDENT ARTHUR, Sis First Hfiflual DSessap to
Delivered on Tuesday, the 6th of Dejcemfcsr.
Tribute to the Memory of tic Lamented iiariekL
Our .Foreign Belations in a Satisfactory Coaiitin.
She frnaus-ial aai Otker Paklk Oees-
tiaauj af latercat
'VianisoToa, D. C., Deo. 8. To the Senate and Bouse of Beorasentastna of the ' mailed States: &n apalfins eilamhW has befallen the Aiaenean people since their chonet Mutative teat mat in the balls where vou iw aaaetnbiod. We cngt-t elite recall with walleyed content the prceverity with which, ttnatghout (be year, the nation has teea Messed. Ik barvote have been ipimteon, ita vuied indnstries hare thriven. ha health of its people ha Ixeo ra-eunrvd. It ibas maintained with foreign govermnamta the to disturbed refathotis of a-nity and peace. For hse mtnifestatioiw of 10 favor; we owe to Bavko holds crar dctciy in His hands the -tribaifl ef oar griiefuj devotions. To that rnn-
taiCQ exercise of will winch ha taken Iran m tte loved and llhutriuna citizen who
was bat later the- head of the nation.
we now in sorrow ana raoiaaHtOB. Tl e memory of hi exalted character, of hit
nooie achievements, and or hu patriotie life, wil be treasured forever at a meiiral nnnin
k nor tbe whole people. The auwuncement
of tna death drew from fereirn government aai picpiee tributes of syiopaihT and rwrrow.
wz wo oiseury ww recora as signal tokens of
ta.) fclivantp ot nations and the sederation of
eimblkitn
t0ftri0.
The febanr ot rood will buUeam
GcwaiMsa 1 that of Great Britain raa neesr more marked thaa at present. In
istosfutaon of suns ntaaKngr fact. I directed
n tb3 eccasioo ot the taw eesteasiil eela-
nrrttai at locktown that a salute be given to the British Hag. Sirlv in the year ta Fortune bay ehvhm were atiftccily settlor, by the British Oorerrunent paring; in Ml tiia an of .15,000, meat of winch baa aheadf been dialtibnted. A the terms of the netlecni inchided compensation, for mjunea a fend by our Suhermen at Aspee bay, there
aiocesrewnroxrom taw proas awaraaagm
wxicu is aeemea adequate lor
Tea naiiiin zxroarrmn-
Tht participatioo of Atneruana in the ex-
tBaticDs at ,Hlboarne and Sydney will be apnxoringrjr nwvitioned in the report of the tw a axhibitioni, aoon to be presented toOoBgnaaa They wil' diitclose the readme of our exnaatrysaaii to n.ake successful ninnjjinill fciMi hi
nnwirr urn r tantvpnav. THE m'fHITa ftaHAKi.
Tantatios to Laepropoced canal aerssB the KhTfltt of Panama, htrJe iia oouuiied vorthy
aaffsaw us aoe wpionaaaaB , cf the eoimtrv. oOFTaiOHr.
Ungrtiatinmrfor an international eoyiht
smraa bcivl.
The rorreadei of Hitting Ball and his forces, upm the Canadian frontier, has alhwed aH an.
prr heodon, althooKh bodieo of British Indians
au.ten we ooraer in quest of ana TJf on thie sctijert a ecnepooileoee h
orjcaped wlusbrojnnKw au adeqqate ondex-
unaag. Uur troope tnvre nrdera to avoid,
waaaiwaway ojiiaaiuua wt5H aaawaJBaamaaV' TBI razWCH oiiawna.
?Ae laeaeaca at the Tudtosn aahda-atiiti. r
fbt repreaentative of the descendant of lav
rajeue ana or an gallant eompatriota, who
vsv onr antes m tne xtevomooo, ha serred to
atrsntben the sprit of it1-wi11 wbioh haa al-
vnr exMtea Detwacn the tao Tiitiiaai.
aotxTriuuc cony sax sea.
Ton win be fw-aisued with the pi
proueedhnr
ef the RinietaHir Confereswe, held cUumjrthe
aaixoaerat toe city of raraL aeeord was reached, btre a viloaUe hav-rcbanga of viewa
vasawaniH 3pniernwiu aexl year be raa swot axfcrucu. ixpiJeniOT. JJt the Electrical F.ahilirtKMi and Coarreea, ah be d at Firh. tld conntrv was eredrtanfr
rer resented by tnunaent ipetahsti7 who, in
sweaaar in spijroiJrnvwn, gtneToraily lent thtitretncienj, aid at the iottanee of the Bute Department. While oar exhibitions in thii al-noat-dsnetrrahr Anxiiean field of
aexiBveoaant havn won several t wards, Ireeom-
ntnja nan vxingra pravwe lor the repayment of t he leraonal exTiensee iut nrro i in thepabhe xot'Tatt by the konurary rmnmi winnirs and de'igat's. 3 o mw cDeat7a reapeettig toe staros of ora xaTinuuzzD uusan at onxxurr h'"e araws dan? the viaaV, and OMireaof eomptaint, eapeehiay in AUsce and Irtrialne, have iraoHciUy ceesed thngh the hV era aenbn of tin Imperial etovwnnieat in wjtirar our often ex pretend view on the subject. The appHcnlioc of the tonir of 1868 to the laUdy aeqoired Ixhaaaab nrovnuea hat reonved verv
sarMat alwyHuii. A definite and
wsrmuns on nk point ai confldentty
Xhii pai Uapatfon of the deBreiulants of Baron vm.Stectben in tlie Torktown feattvitleB, and thoir (nbeeqnent reception by than- American kumncii, striking y enneed the ties of good wii, which unite the German peupie ana oor owia. Out raznoicMB wrrn aBdst ha bw-n friendly An agreement eoqcJaded in 7ebriaay last fixes a term for the labors for the Spanish and American CTalmx Coaanaaston, It Epinish Gcm rnmer.t hu teen requettod ttt )y tie Ute award of the Corjmawaon, and will, it i believad. accede to the reqaeat proinptly and coorteoa'dy a on t onner
"saw, bj reeent legtslaiios ftwaihnw been imposed upon
amppnr; m Moantah and ooknia porta for atgnt imuaritiea in man, feats. 5"? ct J-fp "pecfally worthy of itteodon. The bark Maasnia, boaod for Ja)BU)t entered Manilia in distress, and is there aoiighttotw conf seated andrr the Bpamah iwanoelavni for an alleged shortage in her taoehippedeargo Though tffurte for her robe) have ton far proved ttnavailcar it m exP&ted that the whole will be adjusted in a fnnodijsptrt, . OSaVf iwutoiatiow. 1l 8eoats reeoiiitiisbi of condolence on the taaiaaiMtiop of the Czar Abvnvv,. I, were apiarorsriately eotnnauikateeV, to the Boeaian Go vexniuent wl-iih in tnrn haa ezpeeaud ihi sympiaoy in o-ir late national bereavement. It it liiavahto that onr cordsd rehv witn Buaaa should be strntf mined b- proper exajaamKnta, aataring to.peaoea)le America na who vuit the etnmtliboiiueration vrhich Is doe to them as TTizens of a friendly Sitt. Tbie fa efK cia ly needful with respect to American Israelite who classification with (he native nbnw bae evoked ecergetja reaiowtranceK from thiiOovemiueat , rrair. 1U eoneular agreement w Italy bac been tat etionod and protfaimao, wlrieh put at rest cot flieta of jinisdiclioa in the sim of crime on hip board. 8cver.il important international eotlareiKce haste been held in Italy daring fbt veer. At the Oeoraacbieai Con-
EM of veolee, the Boniiee Cong rem of an, and the Kice Conja-esc of Turin, ths eonnlry was represented liy delsgate Iron hrstiehee of the JibUo erva:e or by Brivate rJliieaa, duly recredited a it in n honorary af ecsty. It at ho pel Ihat 4.'ongriis will ejre ea preniinenee to the ruult of their partici.wAm w they asay seem to diwerve, liOAljaKaV' 1 be alKtBtion of ail dawtlsninattgar dutiea 4gaiiwt Dial eh colonial pradacrMrncof thelntcb XMtlndiea, a areimported liither from Hollaxal, ha been afeeady ailered by Cam-
favaav i wm ana a tne presaw a aaalter may bo fayorabf cone haled.
A. Romblican Paper Devoted to the Adaavcement of the Local Interests of Monroe Covintv.
BLOOM IN GTON, INDIANA, WEDNESDAY, DECEMBER J4, 18S1. Kew Seiies."V()L. XV.-NO. 35.
thi Gi'VTTianeBt has repeatedly denutuded bis puniahment. rrrrx eh lai? i. The 8wi Oovarmneut ha solieiied the good ofircosof our dS jiomatic and conimlar amniti for the 'irotectio 1 of itg citizens in conntriu) where it is not itsilf represented. Tina reqnest hua, wi hie proper limits, been granted. Oar agent in 8a itzet laud have been hwtructcd to protest sgains , tbe condnot of tho authorities of certain notmniea in permitting the emigration tathii eountry of enmin.il, and to other oli ctional le personr. Several such iierMma, throogh the co-ooeration or the CommUsioncrs nf Em'grotion at New Vors, have bean feat lu ck by the steamer which brought then). A continuance of tho coarse may prcve a aaore effuclive remedr than diplomatie remonatrai ice. THE E-ASttBIAS BTATXS. . Tree tie of ecmmexce and ua'vication and for the regnhtmn of Consular pr.vilogiirt haa been eenchtded with Ran mama and Stwvia since thoir adoiuuion into the family of European Statea. ' , atgxico. ..."'j1 "atnrl ith eontignons States having ate insfctuticfai ad tfte aims of jsavanetmout anddenopcoent ffie fnenuahtp of tbu Uuttetl Stataa and lfxico has been coneUuty msiataiaed. The Government has lost n occasion of encouraging "tho Mexiaan Gbvw nment to a bennncul reahzation of th 3 muttutl advantagcv trhicb will result from i xre intimate commercial intetooune, acd frotu tho oiieninj of the rioh interior of Mexiiio to raiiwav enterprise. I deem it importan : that means be provided to restrain the lawk nnem 'as common on the frontier, and to ipprea the forays of the reserrstson rhdta m on either side of the Bio Grande. OT'TRJU, AKKKIOA. Thenosrjnawiog States of Central America have pri seated ititemal peace, and their outward reittaoc toward ua have been those of intimate friends Oip. There are eneonraging ajgna of thaa; grwing dfapositioa to subordinate then- local jnten-Hta to those which are comaKm to them by reason of their geof raphiaaj relations- Tin boundary rnostion bettreen Ouatmla and New Sli'xico has afforded thia Governsient an opportunity, to exercise ita good oSeea for preventing a rupture between those States, and for procuring a peaceful aolntion of the auaation. I cherish a strona hooe
that in view of our relations ot amity with both conntrioa onr tUeadly exmnsela will prevail. The Coata Bica Ooveniment lately formed in enarsgomeast with Colombia for settling, bv arbitration, the Boundary jnetion between thcMe countries, providing that the part of tbear-
mmn aoanax no on-irea succealvely to tho King of the Bnlfinw the King of Spain
ana we neataeut of tho Argentine Confederation.'' The Shig of the BelgiaiM has declined to act. but T am not as vet atviivtl
of theaeonof tbeKtar of Spain. As we have
TrL. 100 owpuiea temiory wiucn are protected by oar treaty engagement with
one of me partasa, H unportant tnat the arbitration ssoedd nut without oar eoneent affect oar rights, and tliif Government haa accord-
mmly thoogfat proper to make its views known to the partw to ttie egmemenl, and to intjuiale
am w in iwsgBMi uovemmem. TJB OOfvMltniH OOVSBSltXST.
The qaesriosai jroiting oat of Uw propose!
uuBr-vxman saw way across foe l.ttnmue ot Panama are of irrave national imnoruaee.
This Ooremuwnt baa aot -betn unnundfal of the soJcnn obUeatinns imposed upon it by it
corapaci oi ie won juiomcnv as the independent and aoveieiini mistress of the tcrritorv
crossed ty the canal, and has sought to rentier
loan encenre or iresn engageniciitH
with til Oolcntbian republic, looking to their nrvctieal execntou. The nogotiatKHM to this end, after tliey had reached what appeared to be a mutually-satisfactory
sonnion nere, were max in uoiomma oy a dis
avowal of the piwers whieh its envoy baid assnmed, and by a proposal for renewed neiro-
Govarnmert learned -that Colombia had proposed to toe Emopean pciwerB to loin in a
Ktvaranteo of the oeutralitv of the nrotiojed
Panaanrv ijouocil, a gsarantee which wtiu.d be
n out a romravimuon er our ooogations as the eute guarantee of tbelntegrity of Colomlii jd territory and of the neiitrality of the canal itself. My lamented predecessor felt it his doty to plare before the Earopearj powers the reasons which make the prior gnarantoe of the Hotted States indwpensabie. and for which the .nterjectkm of any foreign guarantee might be
regaroea a a supenmeos ana unirraiaiy act. TilS CLATZOSHauLWatn TBXaTT. Foreseeing the probable reliance of the Brit irih Oovernment on the provisions of the Clav-
ton-Bnlwer treaty of ltoO, as affording room for a abare in the guarantees which the United
States covenanted with Colombia four Tears
before, I have not hesitated to supplement
tne action, oi my iTreoeoeeaor ty proposing to
her MajCHty'a Govenunsnt the modineation of
that mstxament. and die abnwation of snch
eteases thereof as do not comport with obliga
tion" or ine unnea Btacca toward uciomma, or vtlth the vital needs of the two friendly partita) to the compact, onzut aim Rao. Thkt Oovemmett sees with great eonoern the eordinnance of hostile relations between Chili, Bolivia and Para. An early peace between these republics fa much to be desired, not only that they may themselves be spared further misery and bloods lied, but because their continued antagonism threatens eonar qneneoa which ar.) in my jndVpnent dangerous t tb intetests of repabHcan goventme'.t on this eontieeet, and calculated to destroy the best elements of onr free and peaceful cmiliaation. As in the present cj cited condition of popular feeling in those couutries there has beat serum misapprehensioii of the position of the United States, and as separate ilplomatio intercourse with each throogh independent Ministers is sometime subject, oviiig to the want of prompt reciprocal eommantsation, to temporary mtsniatergtanding, I have deemed it judicious at the present tone to send a special envoy accredited to alt and each of them, furnished with general lnstrectionii, which will, I trust,
him to bring these powers into friendly
TWJB OZSOEVa AWABD. At it last extra seamen the Senate called for the text of the Geneva Convention for the relief of the wounded in war. 1 trust this action foresbadows snch interest in tho subject as will result in the adhesion of the United
States to chat humane sad eonvmendabht en-
regret that the oommenaal interests be-
THE U1UTED 8TATXS AJfD BRAZfV.
from which irreat adractaires ware lKri 1 avaar
ago, have suffered from the withdrawal of the American line of commnnication between BraEilian porta and our own. ThrooKh the efforts ot our If mister BssMnnt
at Bnenoa Ayres and the-United States Minister at Santiago, a treaty haa been concluded
between
TaTS AaGESllJfK axpuBXlc awn nnir.r
diipoaing of the long-pending Patagonian aoondarv question. It sa a matter of congratnlatioai that onr Government haa been afforded the opportunity of anoeessfnlly exerting its good influence for the prevention of dti agreement between the republics of tho American
The) hwcnritv of life and
(aula of Turkey has etven rict
neu with tlw Potte, looltins; sutacntarjy to the betier protection of Amenca.i niiHionans in the empirs. The etndetnned murderer o the era i wait niisjuonary. Dr. Jairtia W. Parsons, ha not yet been exeiwted, aHbough
VKVaZTJBXA. Tho Govenuncnt of Yenesneia maintains
ita attitode of warm friendship, and continuse with greet regularity its payment of the monthly quota of the diplomatic debt. Without sOKesttng the .'direction in which Congress abonJd act. I ask attention to the pending questions sffectint: the dietritwtion of the Eunts time far received.
The rention between Tenczuela and
France, growing out of the same debt, have been for some time past in an nnsatkfactory state, and this Government, as the neichnne f
one of the largest mditors of Tenczuela, has interposed itself with the Ft-ench Government with the view of producing a friendly and tonoracle adjustmenr. I am glad to inform ron that
Tata TBJUTTBB LATHr SXOOTtATED WITH OHXSA have been duly ratined on both aides and the exchange made at Psking. I legislation is neo-
ecsary u carry ns provisions into effect. The pronipt and friendly spirit with which the Chinese Government, at the rennost of the TTiritnd
States, conceded tte modiAcition of existing treaties should secure careful regard for the interests and susceptibilities of that Govern.
roent in the re-enactment of any laws relating to Ohinese immigration. These elasseH of ties ties which forbid too psrticipa. tkm of estiawn or vessel of the United State in the opium trade win doubtless receive your approval, and tliuy will attest the sincere interest which oar people and Government have in the commendWe efforts of thd a ioese Oovernment to puta stop to this demoralizing and destructive traffic. In relation both to China and Japan, some change, are dKcirable in oar present system of consular juris lict ion. I hope at sosio fntnre time to hay before yoo a schema for its improvement tn Urn entire aat. J ATA. Tie intfrnaey between onr eountry and !, tha most adraneed of the Eastern
n itfria, crmtlnnes to be oordial. 1 am Rdvinod tliaWio Kmiwror conteinp.atrs tho eaUblUhtiioalof a constitutional Govcrimionl, and UiAt ie h.is already summoned a purlinmentary "ingfrw for thti piirposo w' effcotiug a ohti!?A Bticli' n. rt'marluvblo etep toward comp!oto HRiniilation with Wenwrn systems, oinnot.fi to bring Japan into closer and more l.wni'iHil rcUtionfhip witt. ourtelvo, as the chief lVilli power. A qnktbn has rion in relation to the excroisi) li tliat country or tlie i jvmctAj. rnscTioss (Vinfrrrn upon onr Miuittters (aid ConKtils. The iniUtmetit, trial and conviolu'n in the t,'oncii'iirtmrt at Yakohmna,' of John Boss, a riWousit seaman on board tin American vo-sol, ho made it necofaary for tho Government t in-tilne a careful examination, and he nature and methods of Ithis jnrUdictioi It appean that Boss was reguIsily rliipiul under tho flag of the Un.ted Slate, bncriM bv butli a Biitish subject. My pri deoesHonVlt it his duty to maintain the poi:ion ttmt'uriug lii"- service as a rvgnlarlyihippod eejftaii on tonr.1 an American merchaiil vessel Jlass watt sulijoct to the laws of the service a to the jnriidictionyf the United States Ooiwtur autlionties. I renew tliitfocotmnendation whioh has fccretofore I. ecu njed bv tho Executive upon the sttentiou of Qngrcss, that after tho reduction of such aiuout as may be found duo to American citizens, tie balance oi TE nrnRlCTITT FUNDS horetofore oMiued from China and Japan, Mid which aro nw in the hands of t je State Department, Wreturued to the Governments of thiwe countriy. The King -of HAWAII. in the course of Is homeward return after a journoy around tie world, has lately visited tl lis country. VfUe our relations with that Kiujjdoia aro fritidly, thir Government has viewed with conciu the efforts to fo-1; replenishment of the liminiahing population of tho Ulands from orward Bourcos to a degree which msy iuipnir'tho native sovereignty and tivieptndeuce in wlch thu United Smtos was among the Drat to tfy a lively interest. OTlttt HATTOXS. " ltehtiong of tuiijpaired sunity have boen maintained throng but tho year with tho respective Oovorumvfs of Austria, Hungiuvry, Bolginm, Benuiark, tayti, Paiagtiay and Uruguay, Portugal and Iwcden and Norway, and u ia may also be said of Greeoo and Ecuador. A IthoiiKli onrrelation with those States have for mc jvara been sevred by the withdrawal of 4;pr.ipriuttong for dijoinaticreprcs'iutativegat Athens and Quito, it eeme expedient to restore
tliose niissiona, oven ci a reduced Von le, and I decidedly recommeiid uch a course with regard to Ecuador, which is Itely, in the near future, to play au important art among the nations of the Southern Pacini waters. The State Departniet still continues to pubt'sh to (he country the TBADK ASO HAMDriOTrrniSH BEPOBTS received from its officea abroac. The success of this course warrant its ccntinuinee and snch appropriation as my be required to meet Uie rapidly increasing dmiaud for those publilUtioiis. With special riie.enoe to the Atlanta Cotton Exposition tho Oiober number of the it ports was dovottd to a valuable collection of INipors on the ootton-pod3 trade of the wend. THE ISTKRSATIOSAI. SAyi'ARY COSFKBESOM, for which, iu 1879, C-jngij laade pioritiion, asecinbkd in this city eaily in January last, nnd tho scssiom wore prob'uged until Mb rob. Although it reached no speciflo conclusion unvoting the future actioi of the participant liowei-s, the interchange of views proved t o be most vnluable. The lull pntocols of UiesesHious have been already vroticnted to the Senate. As pertinent to this genera subject I call your attention to tho operation of the KATIOSAIi BOABD OF BflALTH, established by act or Comrees, approved March 3, A. D. IS79, Its spheo of duty was vulurged by the act of June 2. in tho same rear, Bv the last-named act he board was required to instituto such measures as tniyht be dcemedj ncx.sfary for preventing the uitrodueMon tf contagious or infectious disauos from fonign countries into the United States, or from ne State into iino'.ber. The exectitioii of the -ales and regulations prepared by tho bon-d and approTtd by my predecessor lias duio much to iirrest the progress of epitlemio lisease, and has thus rendered Bubstuitial sejico to the nation. TIIK I5TZENATI0SAI, SASTTABX C0!FnZKCE to ahich I bare referred aiopted a 'orm of a bill of health to be used by all vessel seeking to enter the porta of the countries wloso representatives participated iu its delnerations. The form has been preserved by UioHatmnnl Board of Health, and incornorated aith its rules and regulations, wl' icii bave loon approved by me iu pursuanco of law. Tb health of the people is of suprene importame. AU raeasares looking to their preservation igainst the spread of coutagious diseases and to the increase of our sanitary knowledge for Mich purposes, deserves the attention of Congress. Those international rules differ but nightly from onr own. They bave been Moptd by the Navy Department for the govermnce of the war-ships of die United States on the high seas aud in foreign waters, and thr ugh the action of the State Department in dirneniiuating tlie rales, and in ncqiiainting the hipinasters with the onbon of conforming to tiem without the jurisdictional waters of the UateO States. They are now very generally kutwn and obeyed. na aaroBT or tug secret aby cr he TBEASunr. ropreteuts, in detail, a highly satisfactor- ethioit of the state of the linances and the coj(Mtion or the varioitf branches of tie public service administered by tint department. Tho ord nary revenues fron nil Burces for tho fiscal ear eiifr ing June 10, 1881, vere from customf !19.'U59,67u.02 ; from in'enial revouuo, $135, !!U4,)W5.51 ; from publio lands, $222. 186,317 from tax on circuUton and deposits or nauounl banks, 8,11G,U .72 ; from repayment of interest by l'acitio railway comuuuieii, 8810,833.30; from sinkiaf, fund forPaoiiic railway nipanies, tS'15,180.54-, from oustoms, fees, iiues, penalties, etc., .S1,2;S,514.8G ; iruiifees, (OiinularUtte.ru, pntenis id londts 22,241,IM4.99 j forthe military estuhliBhnient, including liver and harbor improvnments and arsenals,
irni,ioe,niu.oo i lor tne navj.t ettiblidhuient, including vessels, machinery and improvements lit navy yirds, .Siir,GS6,Ga.66 ; for miscellaneous exp&nditiui, iu lmliu pullio build ngs, lighthoa os and collectins Uie revenna,
(187,280.57 j for expenditures on nooouut
or . the- JUintriist of Columbia, o)3,.)13,1)12.03: for interest or-; the public debt, W2,5 8,741.18 ; Tor pren inm on bomls purchased, ifl.061.24U. 78. T'tal ordinary expenditures, $26l,712,il67.59, luaviac a suro.ut of
revenue of M)0,iHI9.404.9i, wfiich was applied
as iouows : to ui" renompaoo or bonds for the Kinkiuz fund. H7L371.2 K) : franlionnl mir-
reucy for the sinliinir fnml, 109,001.0S ; (ban of February, 18&:l, 7,418.1)00; 10-40'of 1864, Ii2,0i6.1&0; 5-20'. of itm, $18,800; 5 2D' or 1864, $3,m ; 6-f0's of 1865, S7,S00; iionsols of 1863, iiU43,15'J,O00 ; consols of 1867,
.-!HO,az?,uuu ; consols of LBS8, $937,400 ; loan ndeinntty stock. .5400.000 : old demand com-
pounl interest an J other notes. $18,330, and to the increase of ci sh in the treasury, $14,636,023.93; total 100, 069,404.!'8.
TUB nFQaiRKM-iSrs OF 1 HE FIN KINO FBHB or the year amounted to 69,78,606.402. which
nam included a b.Janoe of a49.S09.l28.78 not
xuvided for duri'ig tho previous fiscal year. 'P! a ,,,, rf a nn onv nr. vn.. .....i:A.i A.t .1.: .
futid, wti;h loft 1 1 deficit of aiS,8U5,873.47. BBVEXTJES. Tho incrosso of tliu revunues for 1881 over
those of the prev ous year was $29,352,901.10.
if 1, esumarea naituo r-ceijit duriiu? tlio irescnt fiscal yon' will reicli ij4i)0,il0i),000 and lite expentlitureii $270,O(i0,0UO, leaving a sur.ilos of $l:X),000.'K0 annlicablo to tho jinliini?
fund and Uie rudi mption of the public do'jt.
mi.v. ;u cBiiTincATRS. I approve the leeomineudatian of thn Rfjiwi-
caryof the Trorn ury that provision he made for tho early rcti rement of silver ofirtificnteu.
and that the act requiring tneir issue 1 rnpealed. Thoy weire iHnueil m pun.u uire of the policy of the Govoniment to maiii'ain silver lit iK'ftr tlio gold stn ldurd, and wore acoordimtlv receivable for al rtiftiins, taxes and j-ublo dues. About Gi,tK,000 or thm are novr outtjuiding. They formed an unnoi-OMsnry afl lition to the piper cnrroiicv, H suflirient nmount of which may bo rcadi y supplied by thn n. .tional banks. In a-ordaucb with the act of F l. 28, 1S78, tho Treomry l)upurtnient has moi thly eatiwd at loas't $2000,000 in value of Bilvtr bulht.n lo be coined inlo ft-ndard siivor collars: 102,000,000 or tlieio dollars havo boo i coincil, whilo only alKiut a.0oo,00o are in circulation, tor tho roanoris which he specifies tJOlHAOK.I concur In tho Seorotary's roconimcndiiiicn that the provision for coinage or a find amount eseh mi nth bo repealed, and that hereafter only eo mich te coined as shall lie necessary to supp y the dnuuid. OOU' CF.IITIFIC1TBS. : Tho Seciotary a Iviaos that the iosne of fjnld '
certificates should not for the present be resumed, and suggest that tho national banks may properly lie forbidden by law to mire their currency except, upon reasonable notice of their intention so to do. Such legislation would ecem to be justified by the recent a-stion of rtaiu banks ou the occasion referred la in tho Secretary's report FBAOnOKAL CWlllENCX Of tho flfleeu iinluoiii- fractional currency still outstanding only about eighty thonsum has been r. deemed the past year. The suggestion that the amount may proporly be dropped from future statements of the public lobt see us worthy of approval; so also does the SU'jgeatiou or the Secretary as to tne advisability of relieving the calendar of the Un .ted States courU in tho Southern District ot How York by the transfer to another tribunal, ot the numerous mite pending there against collector. TOE REVENUE FROM CDSTOltS for the past fiscal year was $19. 159,676.02, an increase ot $11,627,611.42 over that of the preceding year ; 38, 098,562.39 of this umuunt was collected at the port of New York, leaving 30,251,113.63 as the amount collected at all the other ports or the country. Of thia sum 47, 77,137.62 was collected on sugar, nielado and molasses; $27,286,624.78 on wool and its manufacture.; 21,462,534.34 on iron and steel and manufactures thereof, $19,038.665 on manufactures of filk ; 1 10,825, llii.21 on manutietnres of cot'on, and 6,463,643.04 on wines and spirits, making the total revenue from these sources $133,068,720.81. The expenses of collection for the past year were 6.410,345.20, an increase owir tho preceding year of t387. 410.04. Notwithstauding the increase in revenue from customs over tho preceding year, the gross value of the imports, including free goods, decreased over $25,000,000. The marked decrease was in tho value of unmanufactured wool, 914.023.C82, and in that of scrao and pig iron, 12,8 10,671. Tho valuo of imports (sugar), on the other hand, showed an increase of 7,457,474, of steel rails 1 4,345,521, of barley2,154,204, and of steel in bars, ingots, etc, 1630,046. compared with the previous year, there vras an increase of f 676,738,688 in the value of exports of merchandise, and a decrease of 925,390,118 in the value of imports The annual average of increase of imports of merchanclise over exports thereof for ten yearn previonn to June 30, 1873, was $104,806,922, but for the last six years there has been an excess of exports over imports of merchandise amount ug to dl,180,66(l,K3f n annual average cf SH6,668,017. Tho specie value of the exports of domestic merchandise was 37fi, 616,473 in 1870, and 9883,975,947 in 1878. an increase of 9307,309,474, or 1.1.5 per cent The value of impcrt was 135,96f ,408 in 1870, and 9642,664,627 in 1881 an UHrcaee of 9206,782 20, or 47 ier cent, daring each year. From 1862 to 1879, inclusive, the exports for specio exceeded their imports. The largest exotws of snch export over imports was reached during the year 1864, when it amounted to 9?, 204, 929, but daring the year ending June 30, .1830, the imports of coin a od bullion exceeded the exports by 975,891,391, and during the last fiscal year the excess of imports over exports was 991,168,650. Tn the last annual report of the Secretary of tho Treasury the attention of Congress was called to tne fact Unit 9469,651,050 in 5 per centum bonds and 9203,573,751) in i3 per centum bonds would become redeemable during tlie year and Congress was asked to authorize tlie IlEFtJKDISO or these bonds at a lower rate of interest. The bill for snch refunding having failed to become a law, the Secretary of the Treasury in April last notified the holders of the $195,690,400 6-per-eentum bondu then outstanding that the bonds would be paid at par on the let day of July following, or that they might be "coniinued" at tlie pleasure of 'the Government to bear interest at the rate of S percentum per annum. Under this notice 9178,055,160 of the 6-per-cenlnm bonds were co attained fit tho lower rate, and 917,635,253 were rid Mined. In the month ot Hay u like notice was given respecting the redemption or continuance of the 9439,841,350 of Vpor-oentuia bonds then outstanding, and of tbete $401,404,000 were continued at 3 per centum per annum, and 938,336,456 redeemed. The 6-per-ceutum bonds of the loan of Feb. 8, 1861, and of the Oregon war debt, amounting together to 914,125,800, having matured dnnng the year, the Secretary ot the Treasury gave nctioe of his intention to redeem the same, and such as have been presented has been paid from the surplus revenue, T.iere have also been redeemed at par 916,179,1 0 of the Sy per centum "continued" bonds, nitking a to al of bonds redeemed, as whicii have ceased to bear interest. THE BEDOCTIOJt Of THE AWXUAI, INTEREST on the publio debt through taeee transactions is as follows : By reduction of interest to 9i
per cent. 91,047,395,X27, bv redemption of bonds 9635,234,000 ; total, 91,682.629,225. The 3,' 2 per centum bonds being payable at the pleasure of the Government, are available for the investment of surplus eevenue without the payment of premiums. Unless these bonds can bo funded at a muoh lower rate of interest than they now hear, I .-eree with the Secretary of the Treasury that i.o legislation respecti-ig them is desirable. It is a matter for congratulation that the busiihvs of tho country has been so prosperoui during the past year as to yield by taxation n lrge surplus of income to the Government, It the revenue laws remain unchanged, this 8ii ruins must year by year increase on ao-
! count of the reduction of the publio debt and its burden of interest, iinit ljecauso ' of the rapid increase of our population. Iu
i860, just prior to tne institution ot our internal revenue system, our population but slightlv exceeded 3J,000,000. By the census of 18S0 it is now found to exceed 50,000,000. It is estimated that even if the iinuuil receipts and expenditures should continue as at present the entire debt could bo paid in ten years. Iu new, however, of the heavy load of taxation which our people have borne, we may well consider whether it i not the part of wisdom to reduce the revenue, even if we delay a little the payment of the debt. It seems to me that the time has arrived when the people may justly demand some relief from their present enormous burden, and that by duo economy in the various branches of the publio service this may readily be afforded. I therefore concur with the Secretary in recommending THE ABOLITION Or'AU. INTERNAL BIIVJWUB TAXES, except those upon tobacco iu its various forms, and upon disli led spirits and fermented liquors, and except also tho special tax upon the manufacturers of and dealers it such articles. The intention of the latter tax is desirable as affording tha officers of the Government a proper supervision of these articles for the prevention of fraud. I agree
with the Secretary of the 'treasury that the law impoiing a stamp tax on matches, proprietary articles, playing cards, checks and drafta may, wi'h propriety, be repealed, and the law also by which banks and bankers are assessed noon thdr capital and deposits. There seem to be a general sentiment in favor of this course. In the present condition of onr revenues the tax upon the deposits ia especially unjust. It was never imposed in this country Mill it was demanded by the necessities or war, was never exacted, I believe, in any other country, even in its greatest exigencies. Bankers aro required to secure their circulation by pledging with tho Treasurer ot tho United Slates bondi of the general Government. Tlio interest upon these bonds, whioh at tlio time when the tax waa imposed was 6 per cent, ia now in most instances per ocr.i., and besidsn, the entire circulation was originally limited by law, and no hiernaso waa allowable. When tho existing banks bad practically a monopoly or thn hirstness there was foroo in the suggestion that for the f raachiso to tho favored grantees tho Government might very properly exact a tax ou circulation, bnt for years tho system has been free and tho amount of circulation regulated by the publio demand. The retention of this tax has bum suggested as a means of reimbursing the Government for tho expense ot printing and furnishing the cir.'iilating notoj. If Uia tax should Ik repealed it would certainly bo proper to require the national banks to pay tho amount of such expense to the Comptroller of the Oumvtiuy. It is perhaps doubtful whether tho immediate reduction of the rate of TAXATION UTOM IJQVOIW AXD TOD A COO is odvisahle, in view of tho drain npoti tho treasury which must attend the payment of arrears of pensions. A cuiuparisor , howover, of the amount of taxes collected under the varying rates of taxation which have at different times prevailed suggests the intimation that some reduction may soon bo made without diminution of the revenna. THE TARIFF LAWS also need revision, bnt that a duo regard may be paid to the conflicting interesti of orr citizens, important changes should be mi.do with caution. If a careful revision oaiuiot be made at (his session, a commission, snob as was lately approved by tlie SeiJtteand is now reoona
monded by the Secretary of the Treasury, would doubtless ligutcn the hi ors of Congress whenever this (object shall be brought to its consideration. SECIIETAIIT or W.R. The accompanying report of tho Secretary of War will make known tho operations of that, department for the past year. He suggests measure for promoting the efficiency of tho army by adding to the number of its offloert, and recommends tho legislation necessary to inoruaso the number of enlisted mon to 30,000, the maximum allowed by law. This he deems necessary to maintain quietness on our evershifting frontier.to preserve peace and suppress disorder and maniuoung in the new settlements ; to protect settler! and their property against Indians, and Irdians against the encroachments of intruders ; and to enable peaceable immigrants to establish home m the most remote parts ot our couutry. The army is now necessarily scattered over snch a vast extent ot territory, that whenever an outbreak occurs, reiuf orcumente must be hurried from many smarten over great distances, and always at heavy cost for transportation of men, horses, wagons and supplies, I concur in the recommendation of the Secretary for Increasing the army to the atrength of 80,000 enlisted men. It appears by tho Secretary's r -port that in the absence of disturbances on (ho frontier, the troops have been actively employed in collecting Indians hitherto hostile and locating them ou their proper reservations ; that Sitting Bull and his adherents am now prisoners at Fort Randall; that the Utes have been moved to their new reservation in Utah; that during the reeent outbreak of the Apaches it was necessary to reinforce toe gir.uoa in Arizona by troops withdrawn from New Mexico, and that Home Apaches aro now held pri loners for trial, while some have escaped and the majority of tlie tribe are now on their reservations. There is need of legislation to prevent intrusion upon the lands set apart for the Indians. A large military force, at great expense, is required to patrol tho boundary line between -Kansas and tlie Indian Territory. The only punishment that at present can be inflicted is the forcible removal of the intiudera.and the imposition of a pecuniary fine which, in most cases, it is impossible to collect. There should te a penalty by imprisonment in such cases. BIOXAI. BEBVIOE. The separate oiganization of the Signal Service it used by the Secretary of War, and a full stateminl of tlie tdvantoges of such permanent oignnizatioo is presented in the report of the Chief Signal Officer. A detailed account of the useful work performed by the Signal Corps and the Weather Bureau are also given in that report. THE INDIAN BUREAU. I ask your attention to the statements of tho Secretary of War regarding the requisitions frequently made by the Indian Bureau upon the Subsistence Department of the army for the canial support or bands or tribes of" Indians for which appropriation are exhausted. The War Department should not be left, by rea on of inadequate provision tor the Indian Bureau, to contribute for the maintenance of the Indians, AST IPEFEKFEB. The report of the Chief of Engineers furnishes a detailed account of tho operations for the improvement of rivers and harbors. I commend to yo'ir alteulkm the suggestion; contained iu this report, in regr.rd to the condition of our forliilction, especially our coast dofeusus, and reoommend an increase of tlie strength -of the engineer battalion, by which the efficiency of our torpedo system would bo improved. INTERNAL MPHOVBWEXT. I also rail your attention lo the remarks upon the improvement ot tho South Pass of the Mis-us.upp. river, tho proposed nee bridge al Georgetown over the V otouino river, the importance of completing at an early day the north wing of tbo War Department building, and other recommendations of the Secretary of Wat which appear in hit report The actual expenditures oi thi. dejiartment for the fiscal rear ending June 30, lliSl, were 942,122,201.39. The appropriations fcr the Year 1882 were T4I.889, 725.42. The estimates for 1883 are 444,541,276.01. TOE SAVT. Tlie report of iho Secretary of the Navy exhibits the condition of that branch of the service, and presents valuable suggestions for its impiovement. I call your especial attention also to the appended report of the Advisory Board which he convened to devise suitable measures for incteasing the efficiency of the uiivy, and particularly to report as to the character and number of vessels necessary to place it upon a - footing commensurate with the necessities of tbo Government I cannot too strongly urge UXn you my conviction that every consideration of national safety, economy and honor imperatively demands a thorough rchabil.tation of our navy, with a just appreciation of tbo tact that compliance with the suggestion of the head of that department and of the Advisory Board, must involve a large expenditure of the publio moneys. I earnestly recommend such appropriation as will accomplish an end which seems to be so desirable. Nothing can be moie inconsistent with true pubiio economy than the withholding of the means necessary to accomplish the objects intrusted by the constitution to the National Legislature, One of these objects, and one whioh ia of paramount importance, is declared by our fundamental law to be the provision for the " common defense." Surely nothing is more essential to the defense of th Unit oil States and of all our people than the efficiency of our navy. " IK TIME OF 1'EAOE PREPARr FOB WAX." We have for nil ny years maintained with fore gn government!) the relations or honorable peace, and that s leh relations way bo permanent is desired by every patriotic citizen of the republic. But if we lead the teachings of history re shall not iforget that in the life of every nation emergencies may arise when a resort to annii can alone tave it from dishonor. No danger from abioid now threatens this people, nor have we any cause to disL'uet the friendly processions of other governments.
But for avoiding (is well as for repelling dangers that may threaten in future we mivu be prepared to face any policy which we think wise to adopt. We must be ready to defend our harbors against aggression, to protect, by (he distribution of our ships of war over the highways of corunerce, the varied interests of onr foreign trade, and the pernonand property of our citizens abroad; to maintain everywhere the honor of our flag and the distinguished position which we mny rightfully elauu among the nations of the world. POSTAL MATTBBS. The report of the Postmaster General is a gratifying exhibit of the growth and fhei-ncy of the postal service. The rvco pts from postago and other ordinary sources during the past fisl veer were $36,489,816.58. Tho receipts f torn the moneyorder business were 9295,581.39, nuking a total of 936,785,397.97. The expend.ture for tho fiscal year was 968,251,736.46. The deficit supplied out of the general treasury waa 92,481,129.35, or 63 percent of the amount Tho receipts were 93,469,918.68 in excess or those of the previous year, and 94,675,397.97 in excess of the estimate made two years ago, before the present year of business prosperity had fairly begun. The whole number of letters mailed in thia country iu the hut fiscal year exceeded 1,000.0.t00. The registry system is reported to be in excellent condition, having been remodeled during tno past four years with good results. The Muoitiits of registration fees collected during the last fiscal year were 9712,882.20 an increase over the fiscal year ending June 30, 1877, of 9435,413.40. The entire number or letters BJid packages registered during the year was 8,338,919, of which only 2,061 wore destroyed or lost in transit. The opciutioiia or the money-order system are multiplying yearly, under the impulse, or immigrat on, or the rapid development or the nowor States and 'i'trntoiifs, and tho consequent demand for additional means of iutcr-comiiiunicatiou and eichnugo. During tie past yoar 339 additional monoy-onlor oflicos hare been established, mailing a total of 5,499 in operation at the date cf this report. During tho year the domestic money oi lers aggregated in value 910,507,576,915. A modification oi' the system is suggested reducing tho foes for money orders not exceeding $5 from 111 couts to 5 cents, and ninkiuK tho maximum limit 41 IX) in place of 951. legislation for the disposition of unclaimed money orders in the possetMion of the Post Oflico Department is recommended, in view of tho faot that lueir total value exceeds 91001,000. Thn stlenfion of ('-digress is agsn pointed to .he snl ject of cstahltshing a system or savings dcnoMitorie in connection with tha Post OH sv Doiwrtment, .. TUB KTATtKTICti OF HAIL TRANSPORTATION sle w that during the ji.vst year railroad routes have I evil increased iu length 6,319 miles, and in tost 9111,382, while fctesmho.it routes have U en decreased in length 2,182 miles, and in ccs" if 131, 54. The so-called stiur mutes have been decreased in length 9,1140 mile, and m
cost 9364,144. Nearly all of the more expensive routes have been superceded by railroad service. The cost of the star service must, therefore, rapidly decrease in tho Western States and Territories. The Postmaster General, however, calls attention to the ooustautly-iucreastng cost of the Kailway Mail Service as a sorioui. dilHculty in the way of making the department self-sustaining. Our postal intercourse with foreign countries has kept pace with tho growth of the domes tin service. Within the past year several countries and colonies have declared their adhesion to the Postal Union. It now includes all those which have an organized postal service, except Bolivia, Costa Bica, New Zealand and the British colonies in Australi t. As has been already rteted, great reductions have been nude iu the expense of THE STAB ItniTTI- MEB.V1CB. The investigations or tbe Deportment of Justice and PoBtotliee Department have resulted in tbo presentation of indictmeuts against persons formerly connected with that sorvice, accusing them of offences against the United States. I have enjoined upon tbo officials wbc- are charged with the conduct of the cases on the part of the Government and upon tho eminent counsel, who 1 cforo my accession to tho Presidency, wero called to their assistance, the duty of prosecuting with tbe utmost rigor of the lair all persons who may lie found chargeable with frauds upon the postal service. The Acting Attorney General colls attention to tbe necessity of modifying the present system of COURTS OF TBE UNITED STATES, a necessity duo to the lor-o increase of business, especially in tlio Supreme Court Litigation in our Federal tribunals became greatly expanded alter the close of tho late wnr. So long as that expansion might be attributable to the abnormal condition iu which the community found iiselt immediately after the return of peace, prudence required that no change be made iu the constitution of our judicial tribunsiia. But it has now become apparent that an immense increase of litigation has directly resulted from the wonderful growth or development of the country . There is no ground Tor belter that tbe business or the United States courts will ever be lest, in volume than at present. Indeed, that it is likely to bo much greater is generally recognized by the bench and bar. In view of the fact that Congrest. has already given much consideration to thisubject, I make no suggestion as to detail, but express the hope that your deliberations may remit iu such lcginlation as will give early relief co our overbnrdened court ARIZONA. The Acting Attorney General also calls attention to tho disturbance of the publio tranquillity during the past year in the Territory of Arizona, A band of armed desperadoes known as "cow-boys," probably numbering from 50 to 100 men, have been engaged for months in committing acts of lawlessness and brutality which the local authorities have been unable to repress. The depredations of these "cow-boys" have also been extended into Mexico, which the aiaiaudera reach from the Arizona frontier. With every disposition to meet tho exigencies of tho cane, I am embarrassed .by lack of author ty to deal with them effectually. Tho punishment of crimes committed within Arizona, ehoull, ordinarily, of course, be left to the Territorial authorities. But it is worthy of consideration whether acts which necessarily tend to embroil the United States with neighboring governments should not be declared crimes against the United States. Some of the incursionB alluded to may perhaps be within the t.cope of tbe law, ltev'sed Statutes, section 5,283, forbidding "Military expeditions or enterprises" igiiiiBt friendly states. But in view of the speedy assembling of your loiy, I bave preferred to await such legislation as in your wisdom the occasion may seem to demand. It may, perhaps, be thought proper to ptovido that the setltag on foot within our own territory ef brigandage and armed marauding expeditions against Irieiidly natrons and their cici;cns shall be punished as an offense against tho United States. I will add that, in the event of a request from the Territorial Government for protection by tbe United States against "domestic violence," tins Government would bo powerless to render assistance. 1 he act of 1795, chapter 96, passed at tho time when Territorial Governments received 1 ttie nttentioa from Congress, enforced this duty of the United States only as to State Governments; but the net of 1807, chapter 39, applied also to Territories. This law seems to hive rem lined in force until tho revision of tho statutes, when provision for the Territories was dropped. I am not advised whether this alteration was intentional or accidental, bnt as it seems to me that the Territories vhould be offered tlie protection which is accorded to S ates by the constitution, I suggest legislation to that end. It seemB to ine that whatever views may prevail as to ho policy of recent legislation by which the army has ceased to be a port of posse comitatus, an exception might well be made for jiermilting the military to assist the ivil territorial authorities in- enforcing tho law or tho United States. This use- or tho army would not seem to bo within tho alleged evil against which that legislation woe aimed, (to n spargencss of population and other cir-cuin-Unces. It is of t n quito unprocticable to Hunmoii a posto ia places where officers of justive iqni o assistance, and where a niililary force is vii hin cany reach. THE BFJ.'OIiT OF THE SEOBBTABT 0 TUB INTERIOR, with accompanying documents, presents au elaborate account ot tho business or that department, A t umuiary of it would h-3 too extended for this place. I atk your & reful attention to the rejiort itself. Prominent among ihi matters which challenge the attention of Cougress at its present session is TRE MANAGEMENT OF OUR INDIAN AFFAIRS. While thii question has boen a cauee of trouble and emoarrasjment from tho infancy of tho Government, it is but leeeiuly that any effort has been made tor it solution, nt enco serious, determined, consistent and promising eucccss. It hae. been easier to resort to convenient makeshifts for tiding over the temporary difficulties, than to grapple with Iho great pi rmanent prop", and according y the easier course has hnost invariably Sen putvued. It was nSi""' .-'at a tims wbon the national terntot seemed almost illimitable, and contained many millions ot acres far
south of the Douuus ot civilized settlement, that a policy should have keen in tiated which, more than aught else, has bon the fruitful source of our Indian complications, I refer, of course, to the policy of dealing with the various Indian tribes na separate nationalities; oi regulating them by treaty stipulations to the occupancy of immense reservations in the West, and of encouraging them to live undisturbed, by any earnest and well-directed efforts, and to bring them under tho influences of civilization. The unsatisfactory results which have sprung from this po icy are becoming apparent to alt As tho white settlements have crowded tho borders of the reservations, tbe Indians, sometimes rontentedly and sometimes agaiiii-t ihoir will, have been transferred to other hunting grounds, from whioh they hareibeen agrin dislodged whenever their new-fouud homes have lx-en desired by the adventurous eltlere, 1'tiofo removals, and tho frontier collisions by which they have often been preceded, have led to frequent and disastrous conflicts between Ihe races. It is profitless to discuss here which of them has been chiefly responsible for the disturbances whoso recital occupies so largo a tpaee upon the pages of our history. We bave to deal with the appalling fact that though thousands or lives have been nacritlced and hundreds of millions of dollars expended iu the attempt to solve the Indian problem, it had until the last few years seemed scarcely nearer s solution than it was half a century ago. But the Govtrument has ' late been cautiously but steadily feeling its way to tho adoption of a policy wnioh has already produced gratifying results, and which, iu niy judgment, ia likely, if Congress and the Executive accord in its support, to relieve ustro long from the difficulties which have hitherto beset us. ror i no success ot tne euuns now mailing iu introduce among tho Indians tho custom ami pursuits of civilized life, and gradually to absorb them into thn mass of our cit zons, sharing their rights and holden to their responsibilities, tin re is imperative need for legislative action. My suggestions in that respect vnh bo chiefly Mich as have been already called to the attention of Congress, and havo received, to eomo extent, its consideration. First, I reoomniKid tho passago ot an act making llielawsof the vai ious Statiw aud Territories aiiplio-ible to tbe Indian roner rations within Iheir borders mid extending the laws of tho Suite t f ArknnsaH to the portion of tho Indian Teiriloiy not occupied by tho five civilized tribes. Tito Indian should receive THE l'HOTKPTION or THE LAW. lie should be allowed to maintain in court his rhrltts of person and property. He has repeatedly begged for this privilege. Its exorcise would be very valuable to him in his progress toward civilization. Second,' of even greater importance, is a m-untro which has b en frequently recomn ded by my predo "
ocsRoni in .office, and in furtherance of which several lilts have been from time 1 1 lime introduced in both houses of Congios. Tho enactment of a general law permit 'Uig tbe allotment in severalty, to such ImH i us nt lett as deserve it, of a 'reasonable q'ltin i y of land, aeonnd to to them by patent, an I for their own protection mnde inalu n ible for twenty or Iwutitv-live years, is demanded for their present welfare and their permanent adv tnco uciit. In return lorsucb onusie'erate action on the part ol the Gc.veinincnt, there is reiion to believe ll at thn Indians in large members wou'd lie iKTHiiadi d to sever their lritl relations; and to engage at once in agricultural pur-iitlH, and that it is now tor their best iMei'tt-s to conform their manner o.' life to f e now order of things. liy no greater mduccni'iiit than the insurance of permanent tl'le u the soil can they be led to engage in tho jcrtipttion of tilling. The well-attested reports oi their increasing interest in husbandry justify the hope and bohol that the enaetniuiil of snch a slalnle as I recommend would lm at once attended with gratifying results. A result to tho allotment system would have a direct aud powerful 'inlliiouce in dissolving the tribal boud, which is a prouiiuent feature of savago lue. and whioh tends so strongly to perpetuate it there. 1 ndvi'-o a liberal appropriation for the suppoit of In ban schools, liecausoof my confident belief that such a coin-so is consistent with the wisott economy even among the most uncultured Indian tribes. There is reported to be a general and urgent desire on the part of the chiefs and Uie older :neniticis for the education of their cLiklron. It is unfortunate, in viow of this fact, that luring the part yei.r the means which have been at tue command of the Interior Department, for tho purpose of Indian instruction, have proved to be utterly loadi quote. The success or tho schools which are in operation at lUinpton, Ourlialo and Forest Grove should not only encourage a mora generous provision for the support or these institution, bat should prompt the eiiteblishment or ethers of a eiuidor character. They are doubtless more potent for good than the diy schools npon tho reservation, ae tbe pupils are altogether separated, from the Kurnmnd ngs or savago life and brought into constant contact with civilization. There aie many other phases of this subject whioh are ot great interest but which cunnot be inoludod within the bcooming limits of this communication. They tiro discussed ably in the reports of the Secretary of the Interior and of the Commissioner of Indian Affairs, Fcr many years the Executive, hi his annua message to Congress, haa urged the necessity for stringent legislation for TUB SCPPKESSIOM OF POLTOAMT in tlie Territoi ies, especially in UUih. The existing statute for the punishment of this odiotn crime, so revolting to tlio moral and religious sens ot Christianity, has been persistently and contemptuously violated ever since its enactment ludeed, in spite of ommenaabla efforts on the putt of the autlionties who represent the Utited States in that Territory, the law has, in very ram instanocs, been enforced, and, for a cause to which reference will presently "be made, ia practically a dead letter. The foot that adherents of the Mormon church, which rests npon polygamy as its corner-stone, imve recti ty boen peopling in large numbers Idaho, Arizona, and other of our Western Territories, is well calculated to excite TH i LIVELIEST ntTEBKBT AND API'S XX ICNHIOH. It imposes upon Congress and the Executive the duty of opposing to this barbarous system all the power which ander the constitntion and law they can wield for its destruction. Beferoiico has been already made to the obstructious which the United States officers ha ve encountered in their efforts to pa- sh the violations of the law. Prominent am ng the obstacles is the difficulty of proouriiir legal evidence sufficient to warrant a conviction, even in the case of the most notorious off anders. Your attention is called to the opinion of the fnp vmo (.'ourt.or the United States explaining its judgment of reversal in the case of M km, whe had been convicted of bigamy in
yiau. Alio court reiers to tne tact tnat tne rccr cv attending- tho celsbration of marriairea
i t l bat Territory makes tbo suppression of that part of polygamy veiy duueu't, and the propriety is s g jested of modifying that Uw of evi
ct' i e u men uow mate it wire incompetent to letily against her husband. Tiis suggislionis approv'd. I r. commend alio the
p issage of an act providing that in the Terriioli of tbrteUnitedStateii tbefict that a woman
has Ik en marr.ed to a person charted with bur-
amy shall not disqualify her as a witness upon
ins trial tor tnat on mo. i inrtuer reconamena legislation by whioh any person so'omnixing a
m niage in anv of the Ternlorie shall
be rtqnred, under stringent penalties for no ,lect. or refusal, to hie certificate of snch ru image in tbo Supreme Court of tlie Terri onr, unless OonerrosH shall make or devise th r practicable meat-area for obviating tbe u iu ii we ninou nave Uiuierto a tended the hi orts to suppress this iniquity, I assure you
o my doteruiined purpose to co-operate with y n in anv lawful aud discreet measures which m v bo nrODOsed to that end. Althoturh oar
s.vicm of government does not coatempUto
tuat ine nation suouia provide or support a nye i m for the education or our people, no ni -nsurea calculated to provide that geiural intelligence aud virtue upon which toe perpetuity of uur institution o greatly depend navo e or Ueu regarded with iudiffert u e by i her Congress or the Executive. very large porti'm of tlio pu1 1 o do uaiii has been, f torn time to tijie, devoted . i lie pijamotiou of tin. o uie of education. T ire '" now it epecial roa-ou wiiy, by retting apart thi proceeds of tho sales of publio lands, or by some other tnuius. the Govtrument sho ml tid the work ot education. Muy who now exorcise top right or suffrage aro uuablo to read tte ballot which they oast Upon many who had just emerged from a o uditiou of slavery were nid.leuly devolve! Uw responsibilities of citizenship in th,U porti u of the conutry most impoverished by w r. I have been pleased to learn fro u. the r rr of the Commissioner of Elucaliun that t .eie has loen lately a commendable increase o interest and effort for their instruct ion, Iut all that cm hodono by local lei-lntion and p ivate generosity should be siipplemeuted by su b aid ai can be constitutionally afforded by tli ' National Government. I would sinrgest thill any fund be dedicated to this purpose.
i may Lo wisely dislr luted in the different
8' .tea accord ng 1 1 tue Intro of llUterscy. as by 1 1 s tiiuaui thoso locations which are incut in
ae ii of tuch assistant will reap the esjiecuu eintflts: T t : n .PORT OF THE ODMKIB5IOSE11 Of AORICtJLTUBE exhibits rrsultB of i-xperiments in wluoli that dvpartincut has been engaged during the past y -r. and mokes impnr mit suggestion iu rof-o.-on.-o lo tho agri uitu A devol pnent ot tl) ivii-ry. The Moady increase of ourpapulat. n, aiid tho consequent addition to the num-b-r or thoso engagud to the pursuit ot hn-ba-idry, are giviu j to tliii department a glowing dgmt'vund importtneo, The Comnues tiner'a atnegestioi s tonehing its capacity for f realer usitiilooss dcrcrve attention, a it more and iu -re commend itself to the interest which it wvs croattd to prometo. It apnea's from T IE REPORT OF THE eYlHKISSIOSER OT FlrSMOMI t nit since 1300 7f!.063 oiwiual pension claim i h. e l e n lil.d, 4i.U4i) of thec havo Iv.en alloivid and iiiitc titid on the pension rill. '2,53:1 h-ve bxn n j vwel and abandoned, b-sing 111 per ei i t of the whole numher of claim- set tied. There aro now pending for settlement t6t,575 original pension claims, 22J04or whicti were filed prior to July I, 1880. These, when allowed, nil involve the payment of al rears fumi Hi" date of the cli icharge in the ease of atiinva i I, an I f i otu the elate of death or b nninat m or a prior right in ill other case, iirom all Iho dita o'ltunahl i t Is ostimatcd hut 15 per c mt of the eUiuis now pending will ho reject I or al'Mi-'ontd. This would sliov the pr laVo rejictiii of 84,040 oases, aiel the prob.ii.le ad. ii ...miii of about 193,000 (la irs, all of wl.ioh mvolvo tb" payment ot an ears or pensioua. With tlio pre ent force ompl iTod, the number nf adjnditiions remaining the same, and no new hii-lnes intirveniii,?, this l u ub r of o.alms (.193,090) could bo actotl upon iu A PKBIOD OF tX YEARS, and, taking .' an. 1, 1S6', is a near period from which to is imalu in oich case an Average aiiumnt of arreais, it is fouml that every case all iwi d wouM require fivr the first pt,yaient tilioii it the sum of 91,3:0. Multiplying this anion it hr the alinlo nam er of probatlo adml:oiis gives 9250.0 0,000 an the sum rcqiiircd for first pa.rniouts. Th'.s represents, the sum w'licli nniNt be paid upon ciaims which wero filed Ixiforo Ju J 1, 1880, And are now piii'linivond entitled to the benellts of A.a'oars aet. Frcin this amount (9?iV,000,000) amy tie deducted from ten to fifteen iiiilliins for cases when, tho claimant dying, there is no person who under the law would be entitled to sncxeod to the pension, leaving 9235,000, ).X)aa tbe probable amount to bo paid. Ia thoi'5 estimates no account has been taken ot tbe !W,500 oases filed since Jane 30, 1889, and now pend
ing, which mint receive) atteotkaa, fa i
nnmness, out v'tncni no not mvonw) pwsssas of any arrearH beyend tha dots) of dlawl the claim. Of thia onmber K fa now -mated that 66 per cent wfll be itUowed, M has beon stated. With tha pnaent forea of tho Pension. B'xreau, 675 deixi, it fa esttmated that it will hike six yet,re to diapoae or the claims now pen ling. It w stated by tte Oimnilsstonei tf Pen lions that ta addxtkn ot 250 clerks fincressiug the adjudicating force)
rainer man tne niccnanicai i, noon rjtsaoi ot work could be accompurhed, so dtat I
cases couia re acted lpon witnin turee
Aside from the consideration of juftios whiob maybe urged for a t needy (wUlemetayof tha claims now on the file of tbe Pennon Oance, it is no less important on the aennvof economy, inasmuch as fully one-third of too elerioal fores of the office if now wholly occur. feel in saving attention to oorresposdeoce with tooaoandeof claimants whose uaiw.1 have beea au the iUe
for tbu pnsl eighteen years. The fact that a sum so enorm ms may be expend ec by tha Government o meet Ihe demand for arpeara of penrtonH as an odmoaition to Ocnt-res mad the xecuiive to give cautions coiiaiteraaon to any similar project iia the future. The groat temptation to the presentation of nctsuoe claims afforded by the fact tliat tbt' a'erage sons obtained uo i oaeh itppucatton fa 91,300, hasit me to suggcbt the propriety of inabag acaoe special approptiation tor toe msTttwon of fraud. - rmERXAL IatrBOVratKHTS. I advise apiiropriationa tor such mhwrral Improvements us the wisdom of CoiigreM may seem to be of publio importance. Ine mium sity of impToriiia: tho navigation of the hVavfasinnt rivAr 4nntinAa a atiMaal athiMlnai ait that
snbject I suggest tho adoptitHi of aoaav measure for rrmoval. of obstrnctins wbioh now imide the navigation of that aroat ehannel of comiocroe. TRE C1VII, SFJtVlOE. ' In my letter aeccpting tits riaeination fee the Vice Presidency I stated that in nryjudgment " no man ebuaM be. ineambencoil au office the duties of wtucb he is for any cease unfit to perform, or who is lochias; ia tne ability, fidelity or integrity which laoMapialulraticn of such otfioe demaad,1 'zua Sbntiment wou,d doaMiesa meet with general aoirajnscence, bmt optnton, has been widely dMiid upon the viisdoa and impraoticahuity of the varoua refomiatory echemea whioh inm bean
sucgeeted, and or certam proposed ia
governing appointos:nt to trobUB
The effieiimigr of such regulations baa been d:s rnxted mninly. Iiecause they bare seemed to exalt mere educational aralahetraet ti sts al ov general business capacity, and even i p jcial titn sh for the work in band. It eeem to me t iat toe rules that should be applied to tbe mane .geraent of the u die a rviee " may properly conform, in the main, to such a rer.late the eoathtion of socceasial piivato batness. Oiit.innl apra iutmonts anocld be raised upon ascertained 1 1 ies. The tenure of oAVse should be stable; Doeiliina of reaponaibilily should, so far as pracUcable, bo filled by the prjinotion of worthy and eftlcieEt o boors. The hiveetbstkn of all exnplaints anl the punishment of all kaw30avduct shoukl be prompt and thorocajh." The views enpressed iu the fonuorca; latter, are those which will govern my adminfiaratioo or the executive omoe. They ire eloobtbs shared by all intelligent and patrician cnizeni, however divergent in their opinion is to taa bat method of putting them jnto practical operation. For examp", the aeeertion that origmal appoiutments should be baBed npon aacertoined tliness "is not open to diKpole," Uit the question how, in practice, noch fltnoat can be moat effectually ascertained fa one which has for years excited interest and discussion. The measure which, with alight variation in its details, has lately been urged upon tlie nttentioa of Congress and the Executive has its principal feature ia te scheme of competitive examinattotv Save for echtin exiceptionr, whieh mad not hen be quetaid, this plxu wo ill giveadr n-fasioa to the smrei only In i s towvat grade, and would aoc-irdingly demaad that all vacscies in the higher positions shcuM be filled by promotion alone. In these particulars tt it. in conformity with the exist ins; oivileervioe nye- , , r . T : i T a , .
wjui oi vriuni unuiiii, ana luueea sue i
which lias attended uut svsteri in tho
of its birth is the strongest areument i
has been urged for its adoption her x Th fact should not, however, be overlooked thai therci are certain fcaturis ot tbe English sytrjen which have not generally been ruoedved vrith favor in this country, even among the fxe-
most advocates of civi.-servire refocm. Among them are : First, a tenure of office which is substantially a life tenure. Deoiiurt, a limitation of the maximum age at winch an applicant can enter the service, whereby al men ia iiuddle life or under ore, with some except'oas, rigidly exoluded. Third, a retiring alkywimce upon going out of offtoe. These three elnments ana as iinuotUtit
lactora ot tne proDiexa as any or na i
tactors of tbe problem as any of the
To eluniruts them from the "" lystem would effect a most radical change fat ita theory and practice. The avowed puipese of tliat systerc is to indooe the edocateef yooBg men of the country to devote thsir Uvea to pubhe employment, by an esswanee that, t'aving once entered npon it, thoy need never leaveit, and that after voluntary ratixeauxxst
they shall be recipients of on annual rawaiioa Tliat this Hyslwrn, ns an entirety, has proved very success f'll, in Great BriUuit esms to be genera ly conceded, even by thoeo wiao onoe opposed it ftooptioo. To a statute, whioh should uicorporate all its esmintial feature, I should feel bound to give) my approval, but whether it would be Jor tho best iitteresi of the publio to tut npon an expedient, tor immediate and extensive application, whioh embraces certain features of the English system, but excandea or ignorcs others of equal impor anot, may be erionsly doubted oven hy those who -ato impressed, a I am myself, with the grave importance of correcting the evils wluch inhv in tho present methods of appointnvmt If, for example, the English role, whioh shuts oat persons above the age of 25 years from a hrgn number of pabiis employments, fa lot to beniado an essential pact of onr av tern, iti quwatiemabla whether toe Dtlainiiient of tho highest number or narkn at- a corapetitive erananatim stoukl be the criterion by which all app'ications for appoininient should b-J pot to tost ; and under similar conditions it may also bo questioned whether admission to the- service, should be siriotly limited to it lowest ra -Jts. There are ver r many crioracteiristMs vrbiob go to make np a model civil Servant ; prominent among them are piobity, mdintTj-, good sense, good, habits, good temper, jiatieaee, ardor, couctesr, tsxit, self-reilu.nc-, manly deference to Hiperiot oakers, and matdy consideration's for inferioc. Tho abeenoe cf these trait is not tuiplied by a wide knowtedge of books, or by iiromptilade hiauaaeiiuai questions, or by any cither qruahty likely to be brought to light by eomaetitive eaoiinauoo. To make tuccuss in tuch a contest, therefore, an iudispeiuahls condition o( pubJie eauployment, would vary likely result in tbe pamibal exclusion of the older applicants, even taraogb they might possess qualincatinia fnr 'jupedoc to their youoger aud more te-di lact oraametatota. These suggestions must not be regarded aa evincing any spirit of opposition to th competitive plan, hich has been, to seme extent, sucjenefully einploy.jd abeady, and whkimay hereafter v nlicate tbe obimi ot ita Dion earnest supporters, bat it ought to be arjotuty conside red whether the appJicition cf the samo caiucatiunal etandard to peiitoss of iuatari years, as to youug men fresh from school aad college, woild not be likely to exalt mora intoUcclual prottoieucy abovu other cjaaitfaa of equal or greater nnpia-tance, Another fea:,nre ot the pioposecl lyrteta. the seloctlon by promotion of aU officer of thn Government above tho toweat gila, . eomeA suoh as would fairly be regarded as ettoaam4H of the pohcy of tbe Exes-utiv and ttaei prinerples of the dominant party, to afford eatio aj,ement to faithful public stir rants ty inuatiaf! in their minds the horw of promotion, if they aro fotuid to merit it, ia ma h to be daeired, but would it be f iroiol to adopt a) tufa so rigid as to permit no other mode of (applying the intermediate wants of the aerrior Tntro are many perdons who fill aubordinate positions with great credit, bat bok tlioso qualities which are requiattia lor th higher posts of duty, and, beside tbe mole vf tlionght and acuon ot oue whom servioe in a Government bureau has been kmg and oontiaued, are often so cramped by routma roenedare a almcwt to disqualify him from iMtttattog changes required by tho publio inlieretta, and uifiuin ot xiew blood from Mms In til a utt the middle rinks ot tbe fervice mulit oe veiy bcnefictal in it results. The sitject uoSer dicussion is one of grave importaitce. Tlie evil which are ouiplnincd or cannot bo eradicated at once, Tt work must be gradual. The prese nt English system is a growth ot years, and waa not created by a stogie arrotaa ot executivo or hblative aotioa. Its beginnings are found la an order in council promnlgatedin 1855, and it was utter patkait and cauiions scruiniy of its workuig thr.t, fifteen year later, it took i'.s preseat hpe. Ftv yoar after the iasuanoo or the order Ui coauieJl, and at a time when resort had been had tocrjapcritive examination a an e'irernacm mookv more extcnsiviily than has yet Isneu tho aat, at this country, a select cetamittee of tha House of Commoni made a report 9 that House, wbioh, declaring ita ppcoval at, tho competitive method, deprecated, nevortbeisea, any nrcci itaccy in its fjaiieral ndtsptioja, aa likely to endanger it uttimate liwcetsk During this tentative period tho results of the two methods of isass eft tarnation, and competitive iixainuuuioii ware eoaey watclied and coianared. It UW V be tliaa bn
fore we confine oonlves upon thfa ItmorvV ant quest km within tho striogiiBt, bowwfl t statutory cna-itinent, wo uay gpatiaswMy await theirsol! ot tmthir itttpiiry kit : pcriment Th nth liitsioil (if . MfltteS Of
tho uoroiiinti iris to a central kcwsm
examiner reicriaeu iDay iin: nawjiaj wajti
n oxious ot np)MK-.Bni, iuy,.ferapa,: resort to the oomtietiUio ft pal a
the mischief which Hiieou vi 'AtaeeWw
or appomtuieiit, aiiet it may toree-Uiae I in auch a Uiaitl a wide diaor oti. to ao:
tbo cuoracieristies ana auamtaelin.nr;
ICuotMwru a rWtir4
mm,
lm
i'i;'fef-