Banner Graphic, Volume 21, Number 74, Greencastle, Putnam County, 29 November 1990 — Page 2

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THE BANNERGRAPHIC November 29,1990

Former military officials counsel Congress against a war in the Gulf

WASHINGTON (AP) Two former U.S. military chiefs are urging President Bush to give sanctions against Iraq more time to work before opting for war, amid new talk of a special session of Congress to deal with the Mideast crisis. “The question is how much pain we administer and how quickly and whether we do it with the embargo or the use of force,” said Sen. Sam Nunn, D-Ga., chairman of the Armed Services Committee, as Democrats demanded a go-slow approach in the Persian Gulf. SEN. 808 DOLE, R-Kan., the Senate minority leader, said in a statement Wednesday evening the chances were “better than 50-50” for a special session on the gulf crisis, probably before Christmas. He didn’t say whether he expected Bush or congressional leaders to call the session. Dole’s statement attracted attention because he put it out after a chat with the president. The White House said no decision had been made on whether to seek a special session, though spokesman Marlin Fitzwater said he expects the subject to be raised again when Bush and congressional leaders meet Friday. Nunn and Democrats on his panel have voiced growing frustration over what many say is a United States careening inexorably

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toward war in the Middle East to oust Iraq from Kuwait THE TESTIMONY Wednesday from two former chairmen of the Joint Chiefs of Staff one who served under President Reagan, the other who worked for President Carter provided greater impetus to Democratic charges. “I think the force is much too large to be able to be sustained politically and perhaps even logistically,” Nunn said at the conclusion of the day’s hearing. The criticism and this week’s hearings were prompted by Bush’s decision to send 200,000

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REP. LEE HAMILTON Is support fading?

additional troops to the Persian Gulf region to supplement 230,000 sent there after Iraq invaded Kuwait on Aug. 2. HEARINGS CONTINUE today with former Navy Secretary James Webb, who has been an outspoken critic of the Bush administration’s policy; Richard Perle, former assistant secretary of defense under Reagan, and Edward Luttwak of the Center for Strategic and International Studies. Bush’s gulf policy came under question from two former military officials, including one who, like Bush, served under Ronald Reagan.

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“I counsel patience. War is not neat, it’s not tidy. It’s a mess,” said retired Adm. William Crowe, who was chairman of the Joint Chiefs of Staff. Retired Air Force Gen. David C. Jones, chairman of the joint chiefs under President Carter, voiced concern with the latest troop deployment JONES SAID HIS fear “isn’t that we might choose to fight, but rather that the deployment might cause us to fight perhaps prematurely and perhaps unnecessarily.” Crowe and Jones recommended that the United States give the sanctions a year to 18 months to take effect before resorting to military force. Sen. Robert C. Byrd of West Virginia, a former Democratic leader and key power figure in the Senate, told Armed Services Committee colleagues he believed the world would welcome “patience rather than impetuousness” before any U.S. decision to go to war. “WHEN WE VIEW grandmothers and grandfathers who lost not one but two, three grandchildren and they feel we took the action too hastily, I think we’ll all have the time to be sorry,” Byrd said. Former Secretary of State Henry . A. Kissinger told the committee, “I do not believe we can maintain 400,000 troops much beyond the spring of next year, and therefore our general position will be yes, we will be driven to” a decision on whether to go to war. Sen. Edward Kennedy, D-Mass., said he supports a special session and said he hopes “Congress will make it clear sanctions need time to work.” Meanwhile, Rep. Lee Hamilton, D-Ind., said the timing of a debate on a congressional resolution could lead Saddam to believe U.S. resolve is weakening. “I don’t know whether it would carry or not” if put to a vote in Congress, said Hamilton, chairman of the House Foreign Affairs’ Middle East subcommittee. “But there would be a large number of votes against it.”

American ambassador returns to Beirut

BEIRUT, Lebanon (AP) U.S. Ambassador Ryan Crocker presented his credentials to Prime Minister Salim Hoss today after reopening the U.S. Embassy, which had been evacuated 15 months ago during fierce fighting. The decision to send in Crocker despite the still-tenuous security situation reflects U.S. support for President Elias Hrawi’s government, which is trying to create a militia-free capital and end 1516 years of civil war. ON WEDNESDAY, Crocker was flown by helicopter from Lar-

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Lobbying goes on for U.S. use-of-force resolution

UNITED NATIONS (AP) Even though the United States had the votes to pass a U.N. resolution authorizing military force to drive Iraq from Kuwait, Secretary of State James A. Baker 111 lobbied for it up to the last minute. The resolution, expected to pass overwhelmingly this afternoon, would authorize an attack if Iraqi troops do not withdraw by Jan. 15, diplomats say. THE ONLY OTHER time the Security Council has sanctioned force was to counter aggression during the Korean War. Baker was to preside over today’s meeting. On Wednesday night, he met with Cuba’s foreign minister, Isidoro Malmierca, then with China’s top envoy, Qian Qichen. Both countries have said they would not vote in favor of the measure, though U.S. officials say China was not expected to exercise the veto power it wields as one of five permanent Security Council members. THE RESOLUTION remained on track after the United States, presiding over the council this month, delayed a vote Wednesday on whether to deploy U.N. observers to protect Palestinians in Is-raeli-occupied lands. Seeking to maintain its alliance with Arab countries opposing Iraq, Washington wants to avoid having to veto or abstain in a vote that would offend Israel. U.S. officials also wanted to pass the use-of-force resolution before Saturday, when the council presidency passes to Yemen, which has sympathized with Iraq. THE USE-OF-FORCE resolution is the 12th pertaining to the Persian Gulf crisis to be taken up

naca, Cyprus, to the U.S. Embassy compound in Beirut’s northern suburb of Aukar. The 51-year-old career diplomat became the first American diplomat to enter the compound since it was evacuated by former Ambassador John McCarthy and his staff on Sept. 6, 1989. Followers of rebel Gen. Michel Aoun had besieged the compound. The Christian general, who battled Syrian troops backing the government, was defeated in October. Militias have since been withdrawing from the capital.

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by the Security Council since Saddam Hussein’s troops seized Kuwait on Aug. 2. Baker’s talk Wednesday with Malmierca was the first formal U.S.-Cuban meeting in more than 30 years, although the twe countries still lack formal relations. It also meant Baker has personally consulted all 14 othei Security Council members. At least 12 appeared solidly behind the resolution. WITH NINE VOTES needed to pass, Cuba, Yemen and China were the holdouts. Malmierca said after meeting with Baker that he found the resolution “not acceptable.” Baker and Qian refused to answer reporters’ questions when they got together at midnight Wednesday at a New York hotel. China, which had earlier indicated it would support the resolution, shifted position Wednesday when Qian said he would not vote in favor. QIAN’S STATEMENT was widely viewed as a move to win political concessions from Washington, which imposed sanctions on China after its June 1989 military crackdown on the pro-democracy movement. In a possibly related development, the Asian Development Bank today granted China a SSO million agricultural loan, its first to the Beijing government since the crackdown on the pro-democracy movement. The United States is a principal shareholder in the Manila-based bank.

AFTER HIS one-hour meeting today with Hoss, a Sunni Moslem who doubles as foreign- minister Hrawi’s Cabinet, Crocker was whisked to Hrawi’s temporary residence in Moslem west Beirut in a bullet-proof gray Mercedes-Benz. Green-bereted soldiers of the Lebanese army’s elite commado brigade provided security for Crocker, surrounding his car with seven jeeps that sped across the jammed streets of west Beirut with lights on and honking horns. In Washington, deputy State Department spokesman Richard Boucher said Wednesday that Crocker was dispatched to Beirut after a U.S. security team inspected the situation in the Lebanese capital last weekend. A LEBANESE Foreign Ministry official, speaking on condition of anonymity, said Crocker and seven American security officials arrived at the embassy compound Wednesday morning aboard two U.S. helicopters. He said a third helicopter also landed supplies at the heavilyguarded embassy compound. A state department official, speaking on condition of anonymity, said the United States had discussed its decision to send in Crocker with Syria, which backs Hrawi with 40,000 troops deployed in most of Lebanon.