Banner Graphic, Volume 20, Number 177, Greencastle, Putnam County, 2 April 1990 — Page 2

THE BANNERGRAPHIC April 2,1990

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Gorbachev sends in troops, tanks after offering talks

MOSCOW (AP) A day after Mikhail S. Gorbachev offered talks if Lithuania repeals its declaration of independence, Moscow stepped up the pressure by moving dozens more armored personnel carriers into the republic’s capital. But leaders of the Baltic state stood firm, refusing to back down from their March 11 declaration despite the Soviet president’s warning that pressing on with secession could result in “grave consequences for all of us.” LITHUANIA’S deputy prime minister, Kazimieras Motieka, told reporters in the capital, Vilnius, that his government “remains ready to negotiate and discuss any questions with the Soviet Union except that of independence.” The republic’s president, Vytautas Landsbergis, said Gorbachev was demanding “impossible things.” Lithuania’s Parliament was to meet this morning to forge a response to Gorbachev’s appeal, and Landsbergis said he would send negotiators to Moscow today to try to set up a meeting with Soviet officials.

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“IT CANNOT BE now demanded that we annul everything that we bore in our hearts,” he said in comments carried Sunday by the official Soviet news agency Tass. The last Western correspondents were ousted from Lithuania on Sunday night on orders of the Soviet government, leading some Lithuanians to express fears of an impending military crackdown. Last week, Gorbachev said he would use force only if lives were threatened. But Soviet troops subsequently rounded up several dozen Lithuanians who had deserted the Red Army. The troops also seized several buildings Friday, taking over the Lithuanian prosecutor’s office and the main newspaper printing plant. MANY PEOPLE worried that martial law would be imposed within days. “I fear they are going to start shooting,” one middle-aged Lithuanian woman said Sunday. Western reporters counted nearly 30 armored vehicles being unloaded from trains that arrived near the Vilnius airport on Sunday.

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Others drove through the city, their treads slicing into the asphalt, apparendy on their way to a nearby base. THE REINFORCEMENT of the Vilnius garrison came in broad daylight when many residents were out for Sunday strolls in the spring sunshine. Motieka complained that the Soviet army had refused to inform the Lithuanian government about its activities. An additional column of some 15 armored personnel carriers had moved through Vilnius in the early morning hours, Lithuanian officials said, the vehicles rolling into a military base in central Vilnius. Gorbachev, in his first formal appeal since the Lithuanian crisis began, said Sunday that the republic’s chosen path towards independence was “ruinous and will only lead to a dead end.” IN AN 18-LINE statement addressed to Lithuania’s Parliament, he charged Lithuanian leaders with taking steps that “are openly challenging and insulting to the entire (Soviet) Union.”

Finding out the cost of reunification gives sticker shock to East Germans

EAST BERLIN (AP) Rainer Korkow leaned back on a park bench in a grassy square called Marx-Engels Forum and pointed to the stark, gray apartment building across the street “One hundred and nine marks a month it costs for my four rooms,” said the 32-year-old window washer as he lounged in the sun with his wife and two children on a beautiful Sunday in East Berlin. “HOW MUCH WILL IT cost after reunification? Six hundred marks? Seven hundred? And how much will I make? Half as much!” The 109 marks that Korkow pays monthly for a three-room apartment is officially about 36 West German marks (s2l). The same modest apartment in West Berlin, one of the world’s most expensive cities, could go for

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Two men with posters reading “No to Neonazi Dictatorship in Lithuania at the End of the XX Century" and “No to U.S. Congress Interference in Soviet Affairs” showed up at a recent meeting

-1,000 marks ($600), perhaps 1,500 marks ($900). East Germans who can barely follow the labyrinthine political wrangling that is a prelude to merging two economically disparate countries got a serious dose of price sticker shock during the weekend. THE BUNDESBANK, the government institution that controls the West German money supply, said it was proposing East German marks be valued at a 2-1 rate against West German marks in a planned monetary union. That would appear to be a good deal, since East Germany itself has only an official 3-1 rate. In truth, the currency is non-convertible and virtually worthless in Western markets. But for many East Germans, some of whom fear a Western-style

Bush turns to ideas opposed by Reagan to stabilize energy future

WASHINGTON (AP) The Bush administration is calling for a re-examination of dozens of ideas for stabilizing the nation’s energy future, including many staunchly opposed by former President Reagan. The list of possibilities being laid out at a news conference today includes strict conservation requirements and government-finan-ced development of renewable alternative fuels, both of which are contrary to the laissez-faire energy policy of the preceding administration.

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in Vilnius, Lithuania organized by a Soviet citizens committee. Now the square the men protested in is likely occupied by Russian tanks sent in by Mikhail Gorbachev. (AP photo)

cost of living as much as they hope for Western-style wages, the news was disturbing. I THINK IT’S terrible. I work for 600 marks (monthly) now. I cannot live on 300 marks,” said Miriam Jonas, 20, an employee at the government travel bureau in East Berlin. “All prices, for rent and groceries, will go up. But our savings and salaries will go down.” “We were very optimistic. Now, I don’t know if we can live with such conditions,” she said. The idealism that brought down Communism last year has been quickly replaced by shock over the cost of capitalism. Some blame West German Chancellor Helmut Kohl for promising them Western prosperity while campaigning for his political surrogate in East Germany, Chris-

ENERGY SECRETARY James Watkins’ “Interim Report: National Energy Strategy” signals Bush’s determination to “get the best public dialogue going in the history of energy policy,” said Deputy Secretary W. Henson Moore. The report contains no formal proposals, but lists scores of ideas calling for a more active government role, including industry regulation. By contrast, Reagan, who believed energy issues should be left to the marketplace, proposed abolishing the Energy Department. The debate agenda, designed to

tian Democrat leader Lothar de Maiziere. De MAIZIERE’S conservative coalition easily won East Germany’s first free elections on March 18. Now, he is trying to negotiate an even larger alliance with the left-leaning Social Democrats so he can have twothirds control of Parliament and push through Kohl’s plan for swift unification. Kohl said Sunday that he never promised a 1-1 money conversion rate, but he also did not say whether he supported the 2-1 formula proposed by Bundesbank Chairman Karl Otto Poehl. Kohl’s sidestep triggered a deluge of criticism in East Germany, and even de Maiziere responded by saying he was against a 2-1 conversion.

lead to formal proposals in December, includes: • New or heightened government efforts to find new energy sources, including solar, nuclear fusion, safer and cheaper nuclear fission, and alternative fuels like liquefied natural gas, methanol and ethanol for automobiles. • More demanding government fuel efficiency standards for automobiles, requiring the manufacture of more compact vehicles. • A return to energy-oriented tax breaks, ranging from special allowances for domestic oil explorers to new incentives for homeowners to install better insulation and solar heating systems. SOME OF THE ideas already are at odds with programs advanced from other quarters within the Bush administration. For example, the Transportation Department’s policy statement calls for less government subsidy of energy-effi-cient mass transit systems, and makes general fuel conservation a virtual footnote. The clean air legislation now before Congress threatens to stem exploitation of the nation’s coal resources, while the Energy Department document says new ways must be found to take advantage of that abundant energy supply.

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