Banner Graphic, Volume 20, Number 73, Greencastle, Putnam County, 29 November 1989 — Page 2

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THE BANNERGRAPHIC November 29,1989

Superpowers prepare

Bush has agenda for no-agenda, no-surprises summit

WASHINGTON (AP) to be a casual “feet up” meeting with neither expectations nor an agenda. But since this weekend’s superpower summit was first announced, the White House is gradually defining items it expects to broach at Malta. The administration is seeking to shape an agenda that seems guaranteed to keep the feet of both Soviet and U.S. leaders firmly planted even as President Bush insists his shipboard summit with Soviet President Mikhail 'S. Gorbachev will yield no deals and no surprises. “SO THE SURPRISE will be, if you’re looking for a surprise, there won’t be a surprise. That may come as a surprise,” Bush told reporters Tuesday. Presidential press secretary Marlin Fitzwater recently observed that the Soviets tend to overplay advance expectations for summits, Americans tend to minimize them; and that the truth lies somewhere in between. Bush insisted he would cut no deals with Gorbachev on arms control nor do anything else that would give allies pause. And he said the meeting remains “without a fixed agenda.” STILL, IN AN effort not to be caught off-guard as the United

Tight budget may force U.S. troop reduction before summit

WASHINGTON (AP) The U.S. budget squeeze may force President Bush to confront a proposed armed forces cutback even as he reassures the allies he will not cut a military deal behind their backs in his first summit with Soviet leader Mikhail S. Gorbachev, sources say. On Bush’s desk before his takeoff Thursday evening for Malta could be a recommendation from Defense Secretary Dick Cheney to trim the Army, Navy, Air Force and Marine Corps by 275,000, or 12.9 percent from current levels, defense sources told The Associated Press on Tuesday night. THE ARMY WOULD be reduced by 135,000, the Air Force by 100,000 and the Navy and Marine Corps by 40,000 under a proposal from the U.S. armed services chiefs, said the sources, who declined to be identified.

East Germany’s Krenz rejects West German reunification plan

EAST BERLIN (AP) Communist Party leader Egon Krenz strongly rejected Chancellor Helmut Kohl’s call for an eventually united Germany but welcomed the West German leader’s proposal for closer cooperation. In a rare moment of agreement with the embattled Communist leadership, some prominent East German dissidents also said they opposed reunification.

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States was at the 1987 ReaganGorbachev summit at Reykjavik, the Bush administration has been compiling a list of subjects that Bush is prepared to discuss. It also has suggested ground rules on how some of the subjects will be handled. That looks an awful lot like an agenda. For one thing, the president has made clear he will confront Gorbachev on the issue of continued

Cheney will find the recommendation on his own desk when he flies home from Europe early Thursday. The cuts would be carried out by 1994, and would involve the elimination of three army combat divisions, five and a fraction Air Force fighter wings and about 60 naval vessels, the sources said. THE FLEET INCLUDES 562 vessels, and the idea would be to reduce to about 500 by 1994. If Cheney accepts the recommendation, he would take it to the president before his departure for this weekend’s saltwater summit with Gorbachev. Richard Darman, the director of the Office of Management and Budget, is pushing for even deeper cutbacks in the U.S. military, the sources said. It was not clear whether the president would make a decision before his takeoff.

AFTER KOHL MADE his proposal on Tuesday, Krenz said a united Germany could conjure fears of a Na i-era Germany, “and I know no one in the world who would like such a Germany.” Many Europeans worry that with its economic and political might, a reunited Germany of 80 million people would dominate the continent. Germany was divided into two states after the Nazi defeat in World War 11. The prospect of reunification seemed distant less than a month ago, but sweeping changes in East Germany have revived the idea. WITH EAST GERMANS disillusioned with Communist rule fleeing in droves and taking to the streets by the hundreds of thousands, the party leadership ousted hard-liner Erich Honecker last month and launched a radical program of reforms with the promise of free elections. The opening of the country’s borders on Nov. 9 gave East Germans unrestricted freedom to travel to West Germany for the first time since the Berlin Wall was built in 1961. Millions of East Germans have since visited West Germany. At demonstrations in recent weeks, some have called for reunification.

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Soviet bloc arms shipments to rebels in El Salvador, by way of Nicaragua and Fidel Castro’s Cuba. THE UNRAVELING of the Soviet Union’s East European dominion, of course, will set the tone for the Bush-Gorbachev talks and dominate any agenda-setting efforts. Bush has said he intends to discuss the upheaval in detail with the Soviet leader and will delve into such issues as U.S. trade with Soviet bloc nations.

BUSH PROMISED the allies Tuesday that “I’m not going to surprise them” with any agreement to cut nuclear weapons or reduce U.S. troops overseas. Bush said he and Gorbachev may discuss possible military cutbacks “in a general way” when they meet off the coast of Malta on Saturday and Sunday. But he added, “In writing, I have made clear to Mr. Gorbachev in my handwriting, so he knows it comes from me, not the bureaucracy that this is not a summit for arms control agreement” SIMILARLY, CHENEY pledged to the NATO allies at a meeting in Brussels that they would be consulted before any U.S. troops were withdrawn from Western Europe. “The United States will continue to have its forces in Europe as long

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HELMUT KOHL Has reunification plan

an idea consistently rejected by the country’s leaders. KRENZ EMPHASIZED the need for two “sovereign, independent German states.”

Czech communists to share power with dissidents

PRAGUE, Czechoslovakia (AP) The country’s beleaguered rulers, trying to placate the emboldened masses, pledged to give up the Communist Party’s claim to total power and bring non-Com-munists into the government this week. New party leader Karel Urbanek, however, said the Communists must remain a presence in the

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White House officials also indicated this week that Bush is prepared to talk with Gorbachev about arms reductions in Europe, even though the administration earlier played down this aspect. IF THE LOW-KEY projections issuing from the White House this week follow an old mold for summitry, they also adhere to a pattern Bush has set in his political life. Bush and his lieutenants did their best to lower expectations about Bush’s 1988 acceptance speech at the Republican National Convention; and yet the intensely practiced speech he gave was one that many analysts viewed as the best of his career. The Bush camp sought to play down expectations of the candidate’s performance potential before both of his campaign debates with Democratic contender Michael Dukakis. And, more recently, Bush and his lieutenants voiced low expectations before May’s NATO summit in Brussels that the session would produce anything dramatic or lead to a resolution of the alliance’s intramural dispute over short-range arms based in West Germany. However, Bush produced a breakthrough compromise that unified NATO on the arms issue.

as our NATO allies want them (and) need them there,” said a senior U.S. defense official who spoke to reporters in the Belgian capital on condition of anonymity. NATO and the Warsaw Pact are negotiating in Vienna on a Bush proposal to reduce U.S. troops in Europe from 305,000 to 275,000, provided the Soviets reduce by about 325,000 to reach the same level. BUSH ADMINISTRATION officials confirmed on Monday an easing of East-West tensions had caused the president to consider proposing even deeper cutbacks on both sides. The U.S. armed forces on Nov. 1 stood at 2,127,965, with 770,091 in the Army, 590,473 in the Navy, 569,783 in the Air Force and 197,618 in the Marines.

■i® '

EGON KRENZ World fears reunification

“A unity of Germany isn’t on the agenda,” he told West Germany’s ARD television network. However, he did not rule out the concept of a confederation, or

workplace, and he rejected demands that the party dissolve its paramilitary police force, which has been used to smother dissent. IN A MEETING with opposition leaders Tuesday that followed 11 straight days of huge protests demanding democracy, Communist authorities promised to part with some power and end their constitutionally mandated political supremacy. “The future of the party requires giving up the monopoly of power,” Urbanek told 3,500 Communist Party activists in Prague on Tuesday night, according to the state news agency CTK. The party chief, named Friday in a shakeup of the ruling Politburo, also said that many other opposition demands are acceptable to the Communists, though he was not specific. DIFFERENCES EXIST, he added, but “we shall have to get used to making politics not only with those who agree with you.” Parliament planned to meet today to consider the constitutional change and other opposition demands.

world

Former Soviet citizen calls reform a trick

INDIANAPOLIS (AP) The Western world shouldn’t be lulled into reducing defenses by the reforms sweeping Communist Europe, says a former Detroit toolmaker who lived in the Soviet Union 44 years. It’s all a trick, “a concerted, deliberate policy to fool the West,” Robert Robinson told a news conference in Indianapolis Tuesday. “You may not believe me. That’s the way I see it, knowing the Russian mentality as I do.” ROBINSON, WHOSE autobiography “Black On Red” tells of his life as a black American in the Soviet Union and his struggle to leave the country, was here as a guest of the Washington-based Accuracy in Media organization. He gave the news conference before speaking at a luncheon of the Downtown Indianapolis Rotary Club. “All of what is going on is one of the greatest tricks ever devised by the Soviet Union to lure the West into believing the West has nothing to fear,” Robinson said. “It’s a well organized trick designed to disarm the West.” Robinson signed a one-year contract when he left Detroit for the Soviet Union in 1934 to teach his skills as a toolmaker to the Russian people, he said. ROBINSON SAID HE was offered much more than he was earning at the Ford Motor Co. but only intended to remain in the Soviet Union one year. “I decided to go for one year because of the Great Depression in the 19305. Thousands of people were being laid off

partnership, between the two Germanys, that Kohl promoted. Krenz said talk of such an art an gement “requites more time.” East German government spokesman Wolfgang Meyer said Kohl’s proposal for eventual reunification went “beyond realities and could easily lead to irritation ... by not observing the sovereignty and independence of the two German states.” IN A STATEMENT carried by the official news agency ADN, Meyer said relations between the two German states must be based on “mutual respect of sovereignty and territorial integrity." But Meyer said Kohl’s proposals for cooperation with East Germany contained “interesting starting points for negotiations.” A group of leading East German intellectuals also rejected reunification and expressed fear of their country “being pocketed” by West Germany. They said East Germany should remain a separate socialist

Opposition leaders continued to push for free elections, free speech and other rights including the freedom to form independent labor unions. Communist Premier Ladislav Adamec promised the opposition during Tuesday’s talks that he would name by Sunday a new coalition government that includes non-Communists, a concession to demands for an end to one-party rule. THE AGREEMENT WAS reached during a meeting with Adamec and a delegation from the opposition coalition Civic Forum. The dissident delegation was led by playwright Vaclav Havel, Czechoslovakia’s most prominent opposition activist The streets were quiet on Tuesday, as Civic Forum had requested to show that it did not want to disrupt the economy. On Monday, millions of people joined a two-hour general strike called by the opposition to demand an end to 40 years of authoritarian rule. Civic Forum said strike committees would remain in place in case

everywhere. Being a black man I expected any day to lose my job,” he said. “Circumstances beyond my control caused me to live there for 44 years, 29 of which was against my will.” While in the Soviet Union, Robinson became a Soviet citizen and gave up his American citizenship. “IN JULY 1945, I began to ask permission to leave the Soviet Union. I only succeeded in February 1974. I went to Uganda, and I taught at the college there for four years,” he said, adding that he then returned to the United States and began becoming a naturalized citizen. “I became a Soviet citizen because of circumstances in the United States. After 1934 the depression was still on,” he said, adding that he was told by American authorities to either leave the Soviet Union immediately or lose his U.S. citizenship after he was elected to the Moscow City Council without his approval. ROBINSON SAID HE argued that he was working under contract and would not be able to get a job in the United States, but American authorities refused to change their decision. “Then came the second World War. I couldn’t get out. I was trapped.” He said he spent much of his time in the Soviet Union alone and in fear of the KGB, the Soviet secret police. He said he believes the Soviet government still considers him a public enemy because of revelations in his book about the country’s poor treatment of blacks.

state. “WE ARE PEOPLE who say that we want to keep die GDR (East Germany) as an alternative io the capitalist Federal Republic (West Germany),” said the statement signed by, among others, prominent authors Stefan Heym and Christa Wolf. In his speech to Parliament, Kohl sought to allay fears about a reunited Germany, saying, “The Germans... will be a dividend for a Europe that is coming together, and never again a threat” He did not offer a timetable and made it clear it could take years to form a federation. Kohl said German reunification can only occur as the overall East-West division of Europe is overcome. Kohl proposed creation of joint governmental and parliamentary committees whose purpose would be “permanent consultation” between the two Germanys on economic, environmental, cultural, and scientific matters.

the Communists do not heed the popular will. ADAMEC’S PLEDGE to ask President Gustav Husak to approve a new coalition was announced by Marian Calfa, minister without portfolio, after Tuesday’s two-hour talks. Hours after Calfa spoke, Urbanek lent his support to the constitutional changes but rejected other demands outright. He said it was “totally unacceptable” to disband the People’s Militia, the party’s paramilitary force, and to remove the party from workplaces. But Urbanek also criticized his predecessor, Milos Jakes, saying his hard-line policies had made it easy for the opposition to gain momentum. JAKES ON TUESDAY resigned his last top post as chairman of the National Defense Council, which gave him essential command of the armed forces. Many of those ousted in the government shakeup that began Friday were associated with the decision to crush the reforms of liberals in 1968.