Banner Graphic, Volume 13, Number 101, Greencastle, Putnam County, 5 January 1983 — Page 7

OMB studies $1.4 billion cut in food programs

BvROBERTPEAR c. 1983 N.Y. Times WASHINGTON The Office of Management and Budget has tentatively decided to recommend reductions totaling Si. 4 billion in domestic food assistance programs such as food stamps and school breakfasts for poor children for the fiscal year 1984. The cuts would not only eliminate expansion of spending for the programs that had been expected by the agencies involved, but would reduce the 1984 budget below the level set by Congress for the present fiscal year, which ends Sept. 30. The budget of $15,587 billion for food assistance programs proposed by the budget office for the fiscal year 1984 is in contrast to the $16,541 billion projected cost of such programs in this fiscal year. If there was no change in the existing law, according to Agriculture Department estimates, the food assistance programs would cost nearly sl7 billion in the next fiscal year. Officials at the budget office, the White House and the Agriculture Department said Tuesday that the recommended reductions had been drafted for inclusion in the budget that President Reagan is scheduled to submit to Congress at the end of this month. Most of the overall cuts, $970 million worth, would be achieved through further changes in the food stamp program, which has been trimmed in each of the last three years. More than 20 million people receive food stamps. Food stamp benefits now

Constant battle waged by Customs Newhouse News Service NEW YORK Big drug busts make headlines; confiscation of contaminated fruit does not. But a single orange may cause more woe than a carload of cocaine. At New York's John F. Kennedy International Airport, a table is stacked high with mangoes, grapes, German salami, giant African snails, dried Jordanian yogurt, beef, apples, avocados, and guava from India. Though it looks like the fixings for a feast, the food has been confiscated by the U.S. Customs Service from airline passengers. Federal Agriculture Department employees examine each item for pests and diseases, then grind it all up in a giant garbage disposal. In the main terminal. Customs Service inspectors question passengers and search baggage looking first for drugs, then for prohibited food. The Agriculture Department paid customs nearly $5 million in fiscal 1982 for 100 percent inspection of hand-carried luggage, but partial inspection is the rule in much of the country because customs lacks the personnel. One overlooked item. Agriculture officials say. was an orange brought into the country by an overseas traveler. The orange contained larvae that grew into Mediterranean fruit flies. It took two years to eradicate the pestilent Medflv. Cost. SIOO million. . High-speed air travel, harder-to-search cargo containers and efforts by customs to speed passenger processing have complicated the job of keeping foreign pests and diseases out of the United States. "Let's say you ate a raw steak in London,” says James Armstrong, a plant quarantine officer at Kennedy International. "Y’ou’re able to move so fast you could get to your farm in Houston and spit and could spread the virus of foot and mouth disease." An outbreak of foot and mouth disease which affects cattle, pigs, sheep, goats and deer would cause $lO billion in damages the first year. Agriculture estimates. What are the odds of disease-carrying pests or food getting across the border? "I don’t have the staff to do a 100 percent agricultural inspection,” says Ronald E. Hill, assistant director for customs at Miarpi International Airport echoing the lament of other customs officials around the country. But Hill defends customs's efforts, saying 1982 agricultural seizures were up 10 percent over 1981. Customs also watches for smugglers of exotic birds, which may be purchased abroad for as little as S3O and sold in the United States for as much as S7OO. The birds can carry Newcastle disease, a virus. Such a shipment in the early 1970 s triggered an epidemic in Southern California’s poultry industry. More than 12 million birds had to be slaughtered to wipe out the virus. Inspectors have found birds drugged, tied up and strapped under a passenger's clothing. In one case, a woman w'ho had tied birds under her dress was caught when the drugged birds awoke and began biting her legs.

Lettuce crop is record WASHINGTON <AP) - Lettuce growers harvested a crop worth a record $722.1 million this year, up from $677.4 million in 1981, says the Agriculture Department. In all, the department’s Crop Reporting Board said Wednesday, production of nine major, fresh market vegetables and melons in 1982 is estimated at 202.8 million hundredweight, up from 192.6 million last year. Collectively, those crops were valued at $2.61 billion, up fractionally from last year. Also, the report said, vegetables produced for processing topped $1 billion this year, up 22 percent from 1981 output. Officials said the total crop was harvested from about 925,000 acres, a decline of 3 percent from last year. The five leading states for fresh market vegetables, in order of total output, were California, Florida, Arizona, Texas and New York.

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average 47 cents a meal for each recipient, according to the latest data available from the Agriculture Department's Food and Nutrition Service. Edwin L. Dale Jr., a spokesman for the Office of Management and Budget, said the president’s decisions on the food assistance budget were conveyed to the Agriculture Department on Monday. He declined to disclose the details or to give specific numbers. John W. Bode, a deputy assistant secretary of agriculture, said the numbers should not be regarded as final because “the budget is still being developed.” The proposed cuts are expected to encounter opposition in Congress, where some Republican leaders, including Sen. Bob Dole of Kansas, have joined Democrats in resisting further cuts in food and nutrition programs. The budget office proposal would eliminate itemized deductions for shelter, child-care and medical costs. Such deductions are now used in calculating the income of a household seeking food stamps. The Reagan administration believes it could save $290 million next year by establishing a standard deduction lower than the itemized deductions now taken by many families. Under the proposal, food stamp recipients would have to work enough hours, at the minimum wage, to earn the value of their food stamp benefits. Such “workfare” programs are now optional. The budget office proposal would also reduce the government

Export declines analyzed WASHINGTON < AP) Most of the decline in U.S. agricultural exports in 1982-83 is expected to occur in sales to developed countries, particularly those in Western Europe, according to Agriculture Department analysts. The total value of agricultural sales in the fiscal year that began Oct. 1 is projected at $37.5 billion, down from $39.1 billion in 1981-82 and the record of $43.8 billion in 1980-81. Much of the decline in value was due to lower prices, depressed because of huge world supplies and lagging demand. However, the actual volume of shipment in 1981-82 also was down. Export values climbed 12 consecutive years before last year’s slide. The expected drop in 1982-83 would be the first back-to-back value decline since 1968-69, according to USDA records. Some increase in the actual volume may occur, however. The latest look at the export situation was included Monday in a new Agriculture Outlook report issued by the department's Economic Research Service. As broken down by the analysts, 1982-83 shipments to developed countries primarly Western Europe, Japan. Canada. Australia and New Zealand are projected at $18.4 billion, down 8.5 percent from nearly $20.1 billion last year. Sales to centrally planned countries, including the Soviet Union, China and Eastern Europe, are expected to drop to $4 billion from $5.06 billion last year. Export sales to Japan, the largest single foreign customer of American farmers, are projected at $5.4 billion, down from $5.74 billion last year and a record $6.74 billion in 1980-81.

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subsidy for lunches served to children at schools in low-income neighborhoods. Schools with high concentrations of children from poor families now receive an extra payment of 2 cents a meal from the government. The proposal would eliminate this differential. Another feature of the proposal provides for indexing the charge for the reduced-price lunch so it would automatically rise with food costs. Last year Congress set a statutory limit of 40 cents for such meals. When it recommended indexing the price last October, the Food and Nutrition Service said that the change “makes near-poor children bear a fair share of inflation.” Another major proposal would end the school breakfast, summer food and child-care food programs. They w’ould be replaced with a consolidated block grant providing about 27 percent less money than the separate programs would otherwise receive. Agriculture Department statistics indicate that the number of children participating in the school lunch program declined 3.2 million last year, to 23.6 million. One-third of the children who no longer participate are from low-income families. Lynn Parker, a nutritionist at the Food Research and Action Center, said that many youngsters had dropped out of the program because they could not afford to pay the higher prices charged by schools The proposal for automatic indexing of meal prices would further reduce the number of children in the school lunch program, she said.

January 5,1983, The Putnam County Banner-Graphic

Market reports INDIANAPOLIS (AP) - Hogs 1,100. Barrows and gilts active, 25-50 higher. US 1-2 215-250 lbs. 54.50-55.00; US 1-3 mostly 2-3 270-280 lbs. 51.75-53.00. US 2-3 couple lots 330-360 lbs. 49.2549.50. Sows: Active, under 500 lbs. steady, over 500 lbs. 1.00-1.25 higher. US 1-3 400-450 lbs. 47.00-48.00. 525-700 lbs. 51.50-52.25. Cattle: 800. Slaughter steers and heifers steady to 50 higher. Cows weak to mostly 1.00 lower, instances 2.00 off. Bulls not well tested. Slaughter steers: Lot high choice 3,1300 lbs. 59.25; choice 24 1025-1245 lbs. 57.75-58.50, lot 870 lbs. 56.00: mixed good and choice 2-4 900-1120 lbs. 55.00-57.50; few good 2-3 900-1100 lbs. 53.00-55.50. Holsteins: Lot choice 3 1200 lbs. 50.50. Slaughter heifers: Choice 2-4 820-1125 lbs. 55.50-56.75. lot choice 4 920 lbs. 54.50; mixed good and choice 2-4 920-1050 lbs. 54.00-55.50, few 2-3 56.00-56.25; few good 2-3 960-1120 lbs. 52.0054.50. INDIANAPOLIS (AP) Grain prices Tuesday at In-dianapolis-area elevators: Corn. No. 2 yellow shelled 2.202.32. Feb. 2.27-2.34. March 2.28-2.37. new 2.36. Jan. 84 2.56: Oats, No. 2 white 1.75. Soybeans, No. 1 yellow 5.42-5.57, Feb. 5.50-5.62, March 5.56-5.67, New 5.38. Jan. 84 5.61; Wheat. No. 2 soft red new 2.92-3.08.

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