Banner Graphic, Volume 12, Number 83, Greencastle, Putnam County, 14 December 1981 — Page 2

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The Putnam County Banner-Graphic, December 14,1981

U.S. weighs Poland crisis

Reagan summons Haig, Weinberger

WASHINGTON IAP) - With the tempo of Poland's long labor crisis quickening. President Reagan is bringing home two key members of his foreign policy team and warning the Soviet Union of the risks of intervention. Secretary of State Alexander M. Haig Jr. abruptly canceled a long-planned and important trip to six nations in the Middle East and South Asia and headed home from Brussels, Belgium today. Secretary of Defense Caspar W. Weinberger, who was in London when the Polish government announced its crackdown against the independent trade union Solidarity, was back in Washington by nightfall Sunday. With top policy-makers being assembled for quick decisions if

'We're all with them--at least spiritually'

By JOHN M. DOYLE Associated Press Writer At churches, around radios and televisons Indiana residents of Polish descent gathered to watch, wait and pray after the Polish government’s sudden crackdown on the independent labor union Solidarity. “I’m praying,” said Wanda Kowak of South Bend. “We’re all Roman Catholics here. We’re all with them at least spiritually.” Mrs. Kowak, the St. Joseph County recorder, said she, like most of the 2:5,000 to 30,000 Polish-Americans in the South Bend area, spent Sunday listening to radio and televison broadcasts on the Polish situation. Most of Indiana’s Polish population is concentrated in the industrial belt along Lake Michigan from Gary to Michigan City. Many spent the day near the television or in church. “We had a Mass today. We’re participating in a prayer session tonight,” the Rev. Matt Sienkiewicz, pastor of St. Hedwig’s Church in South Bend said Sunday night. St. Hedwig’s, the oldest of the four Polish Catholic parishes in the area, also will have “a special Mass of spiritual support for the people of Poland” today, Sienkiewicz said. Martial rule was proclaimed early Sunday in Poland after Solidarity called for a nationwide vote on whether to retain

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necessary, U.S. officials awaited anxiously for word on what would happen when Polish workers were due to report to their jobs early today for the first time since the crackdown. In Poland, officials of the military regime said they were conferring with Solidarity leader Lech Walesa in hopes of heading off a nationwide strike urged by union militants. Reagan m et Sunday with Vice President Bush, Weinberger, CIA Director William Casey and several other top advisers shortly after returning to the White House from the presidential retreat at Camp David, Md. “Several times, along with the whole free world, we have made it plain how seriously we would view any interference in Poland," Reagan told reporters enroute from his helicopter to

the White House. Soviet and Polish diplomats in Washington were summonedL to the State Department" for separate talks Sunday, but details were not made public. The Pentagon said U.S. intelligence had spotted no sign that Soviet forces near Poland were being mobilized. Haig, who said the United States and its allies were taken by surprise by the suddenness of the Polish move, said, “None of us have ascertained any Soviet readiness measures which would be a source of alarm.” He said the immediate U.S. policy will be to “express our concern and to watch very, very carefully.” The Reagan administration clearly believes the stakes in Poland are high, especially if

communism. Authorities reportedly have interned 1,000 people. The new military regime announced that anyone in the army or government service who refused to obey orders would be subject to penalties of from two years in prison up to death. Solidarity was officially suspended, but some activists called for a nationwide strike, defying the proclamation of a state of emergency and martial law. “They have to go for it,” Dick Niemczycki said, referring to the Solidarity strike. “The people are going to fight because it’s the last chance they have. They could lose everything. But if the people go to the streets, then we are going to have blood in the streets.” Niemczycki, a recording engineer who lives in the Indianapolis suburb of Zionsville, helped record “Solidarity,” a rock tune praising the labor group last summer. “My family and friends have all been talking and listening to the radio and watching television,” said Niemczyck, adding he still has relatives in “the old country.” Some Hoosier Poles said Sunday’s news was shocking but not surprising. “The people (of Poland) are 90-95 percent Catholic, and communism and Catholicism just can’t live together,” said Sienkiewicz. *

Soviet troops intervene. For months the United States and its NATO allies have discussed a wide range of political and economic options, including possible trade sanctions, if the Soviet Union acts in Poland. Negotiations between the United States and the Soviet Union on reducing mediumrange missiles in Europe are barely two weeks old and their continuation could hinge on events in Poland. The Polish government is estimated to be some $26 billion in debt to Western financial institutions and the Polish economy is in a shambles. Some U.S. officials believe that the very dimensions of the Polish troubles may prevent the Soviets from getting deeply involved.

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Polish steel workers at the Hytna steel works near Warsaw listen to a Solidarity leader explain the labor situation in the wake of Sunday's crackdown by the government.

Strikes reported at two large plants

Polish military takes over more factories

WARSAW, Poland <AP) Workers at two of Warsaw’s biggest factories went on strike today, Solidarity sources said, but a threatened general strike to protest the crackdown on the independent labor movement failed to materialize. The day-old martial-law regime, which put the military in charge of power plants and coal mines Sunday, militarized still more factories today. The Soviet Union, in an apparent warning to the West, declared that the actions by Poland’s Communist leadership were an “internal affair.” Members of the temporarily suspended Solidarity union distributed leaflets in Warsaw Sunday calling for a nationwide walkout in defiance of the government’s proclamation of martial law and its suspension of the right to strike. Spokesmen for the temporarily outlawed Solidarity labor union told reporters of work stoppages by thousands in the giant Ursus tractor factory and the Warsaw steel mill. The reports could not be independently verified. Initial checks of other large factories in some districts of the capital found no strikes or protests by members of Solidarity, many of whose leaders were seized Sunday when the government imposed martial law. Employees on the first shift at

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BISHOP GLEMP Appeals to workers

the steel plant began work at 6 a.m. but put down their tools after a mid-morning break, the sources said. “Nothing is going on, as you can see for yourself,” said a steelworker outside the giant steel works. But there were no outward signs of a strike, such as banners or flags. Conflicting reports emerged from the Ursus factory, in a Warsaw suburb. Some workers said employees were on the job, but other sources said work had stopped in several departments. Earlier today a Solidarity member at the steel mill said authorities had “fished out the

Workers at many plants appeared Monday to be staying off the job in protest over the move against Solidarity. (AP Laserphoto)

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LECH WALESA Reaction uncertain

most important (union) men. But there are others to take their place, so some time will have to elapse before they arrive at some decision. ” Government officials said arrests would be an “ongoing process,” but Solidarity sources said some detainees had already been released. Solidarity sources said as many as 3,000 members of the union may have been rounded up in the capital alone. Earlier estimates put the total number interned in the entire country at about 1,000. Government leaders conferred with Solidarity chief Lech Walesa in an attempt to

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POPE JOHN PAUL II 'No bloodshed'

avert a general strike. But Warsaw Radio carried no word from him today. Poland’s Roman Catholic primate, Archbishop Josef Glemp, appealed to the workers in a broadcast sermon: “Do not start a fight between Poles. Do not give your lives away.” Pope John Paul II also appealed for restraint, saying: “Polish blood cannot be shed, because too much was spilled in the last war.” Premier Wojciech Jaruzelski, a general who is also head of the Communist Party and defense minister, cracked down on Solidarity after 17 months of general unrest, strikes, a steadily worsening economy and tension that saw the legalization of the Soviet bloc’s first independent labor union and its increasing insistence on major economic and political reforms to rebuild the nearbankrupt economy. Although it gave in repeatedly to Solidarity’s demands, the government had hinted repeatedly that it would order the army to take action if the union continued to challenge it. There also had been recurrent fears of Soviet military intervention. The last straw came Saturday when the unicffi leaders at their meeting fn Gdansk called for a nationwide referendum to retain or reject communism unless the goveri)ment met their demands fdr economic and political reforms before the end of the year.