Banner Graphic, Greencastle, Putnam County, 21 November 1974 — Page 5

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THVKSDAY.NOYEMBEK 21,1974, THE PUTNAM COUNTY BANNER-GRAPHIC 9A

« ^Justice Department acts to break up Bell Telephone System

WASHINGTON (AP) - The Justice Department has gone to court to strip the Bell System of its 60-year-old grip on the nation’s telephone industry in a move to spur competition and drive phone rates down.

The lawsuit filed Wednesday against the American Telephone and Telegraph Co. signaled the beginning of a yearslong government battle to carve up the world’s largest privately owned corporation

into competing enterprises. AT&T claimed that, contrary to the department’s goal, a government victory would push phone rates up. The company is the biggest one the government has ever

tried to break up. The suit is only the second in recent history in which the government has attempted a major restructuring of an industry dominated by one company or a handful of companies.

Ford ends talks with Tanaka

KYOTO, Japan (AP) — President Pord turned to sightseeing today in Japan’s former capital and ancient cultural center following conclusion of his talks with Prime Minister Kakuei Tanaka. Relaxed and smiling, Ford rode into the teeming industrial city in a long black limousine, waving his left hand in greeting. Kyoto, in southwest Japan, is the country’s third largest city and was the capital from 794 until 1866. It was the only major city to escape bombing in

World War II. The President’s itinerary included visits to such tourist attractions as the lakeside Golden Pavilion, a 16th century castle and the ancient imperial palace where Emperor Hirohito was enthroned 46 years ago. Officials said 34 leftist organizations had applied for permits to hold a demonstration protesting Ford’s visit, and 35,000 to 50,000 people might turn out. But the demonstrations were to be held in the late afternoon, at least two

miles from the President’s hotel, and large numbers of police were on duty to insure that Ford was not disturbed. Ford and Secretary of State Henry A. Kissinger flew from Tokyo to Osaka aboard the President’s plane and then took a helicopter to Kyoto, 25 miles away. Emperor Hirohito went to the state guest house in Tokyo to say goodbye to the President. As they moved down a line of about 100 foreign diplomats, a Japanese band played a medley of tunes including “You

Got To Be A Football Hero” and “Betty Coed” in tribute to Mrs. Ford, who is convalescing in Washington from cancer surgery. Ford flies to Seoul, the South Korean capital, on Thursday for an overnight visit to President Chung Hee Park and on Friday goes to Vladivostok for his first meeting with Soviet Communist party chief Leonid I. Brezhnev. The visit to South Korea has been criticized by opponents of Park as a demonstration of support for his dictatorial rule.

Rocky faces tough questioning

WASHINGTON (AP) - Nelson A. Rockefeller’s overwhelming confirmation as vice president appears assured in the Senate as of now but he still faces tough questioning in the House. An Associated Press poll found only five senators who say they will vote against Rockefeller’s confirmation, 79 who say they’ll vote for and 13 uncommitted. Confirmation requires a majority vote in both houses. At confirmation hearings today, members of the House Judiciary Committee were poised to probe such areas as Rockefeller’s gubernatorial pardon of former New York Republican • L. Judson

Morhouse, who had been convicted in a bribery scandal. Rockefeller told senators he granted the pardon in 1970 because of Morhouse’s ill health. But a House committee staff report says there is some question whether Rockefeller could have had medical reports that Morhouse’s health was failing at the time of the pardon. CBS News reported that committee investigators found that only four of seven physicians who attested to Morhouse’s deteriorating health had actually examined Morhouse. Morhouse, one of the recipients of Rockefeller’s $3 million in gifts and loans, was convicted in connection with a

1963 bribery attempt to secure a liquor license. Rockefeller faced the same tough, blunt hearing questioning and core of opposition in the House and Senate as President Ford did when he went through vice presidential confirmation. But barring any major new disclosures, the former New York governor also appears headed for congressional confirmation before Christmas as vice president. The five senators who told the AP they will or are strongly inclined to vote against Rockefeller’s nomination include Sen. Barry M. Goldwater, RAriz., who has said he told Ford that Rockefeller’s nomination would antagonize GOP con-

servatives. Other opponents include Sens. Jesse Helms, R-N.C., and William L. Scott, R-Va., also conservative, and James S. Abourezk, D-S.D., who said Rockefeller’s career shows “an insensitivity of the needs of the average person.” The fifth senator said he does not want to be named yet. House Judiciary Chairman Peter W. Rodino Jr., D-N.J., said Wednesday that Rockefeller may be on the stand three or four days rather than the scheduled two — continuing into next week — but that he still hopes to complete House hearings by the second week of December.

Israel’s ‘right to exist’ defended

UNITED NATIONS, N.Y. (AP) — A small but influential group of nations is defending Israel’s right to exist as the United Nations General Assembly nears a vote on the Palestinian claim to nationhood. The United States joins in the assembly’s Palestine debate today with a speech by Ambassador John A. Scali upholding the Israeli position.

Britain, France, West Germany, Italy, Japan, Canada, Greece, Finland, Belgium and Nigeria are among the countries who have spoken out for Israel’s right to conntinue as a nation. Most of them also said Israel should withdraw from the Arab territories occupied in the 1967 Arab-Israeli war. Italy and Britain also voiced support for Secretary of State Henry A.

Kissinger’s efforts to arrange an Arab-Israeli peace settlement. The assembly is scheduled to vote Friday on resolutions still under negotiation between Arab and Third World backers of the Palestine Liberation Organization and other nations whose support they want. The majority of the countries in the week-long debate have backed the PLO demand for

self-determination and the creation of a Palestinian nation. PLO chief Yasir Arafat, the first speaker in the debate, made clear that this new nation should include the territory that is now Israel, but many of his supporters have been silent or vague about the future of the Jewish nation. The resolution drafted by the Arab and Third World countries also is silent on this point.

Kelley pledges legitimacy of FBI

WASHINGTON (AP) - FBI Director Clarence M. Kelley said Wednesday the FBI would not engage in any counterintelligence activities designed to disrupt domestic organizations without the approval of

the attorney general or the President. Kelley gave the pledge to a House Judiciary subcommittee looking into a report of such activities conducted under the direction of the late FBI Director

‘Worry, anger, joy, love in ‘Great Depression’

KENOSHA, Wis. (AP) - "There was worry, anger, joy and love all jumbled together, and l have a deep feeling of unhappiness when I try to recall the things I want to forget.” Those are the words of Gertrude Haltman, and they apply to the Great Depression of the 1930s. They appear with the recollections of more than a dozen oth$r amateur authors in a 22pagp booklet on sale during a /und-raising fair at the Kenosha Senior Citizens Center. Mrs. Mart ion Bach, program coordinator for the community activities center, said the pamphlet was a bot sales item. t C Mre. Bach said members of a creative writing class, many of thejn* retired persons who recall the deprivation of the 193Q4, “wanted to contribute something,'’ and they put together their “Reminiscences of .Depression Days,” a collection of essays and poems. Mrs. Haltman, for example, relates the frustration felt by her husband who was a meat department manager in a grocery; store. “jit the beginning of the Depreateon," she writes, “the government passed some kind of atage scale that was supposed to help people. But the fimipmy husband worked for took: unfair advantage of it. They changed his title from manager to clerk and were able to cut him exactly onethird of his regular salary.” Lukian Lundin compares her experiences with today’s cost of living, recalling seven-cent

bus fares and hamburger for 10 cents a pound. “We saved pennies, ana it seemed we bought everything with pennies,” Mrs. Lundin said. “Once, when the pennies were exhausted, we sold dad’s gold inlays from teeth that were extracted, and bought cherries to can and eat. “We had company for dinner one evening, and Lois, 3, said: ‘Daddy, are these cherries from your gold teeth?’ "Wealth we id not have. But there was good health and lots of love in our home.” Edna E. Veale recalls her brother’s frantic search through dresser drawers for five cents with which to buy tobacco. Suddenly he remembered having accidentally tossed a nickel which disappeared through a gap in some doorway woodwork. “Off came the woodwork and they found the wedged nickel, which meant another day of smokes,” she writes. Harold Kolb, a retired printer, recalls the dearth of jobs in Minneaolis in 1934. “Shortly after World War II started, work increased,” he said. “One day the foreman of the shop ordered me brusquely to get a job out in a hurry. “Then he paused, remembering things were different and added pleading: ‘Will you please?’ I laughed, the Depression was over.”

J. Edgar Hoover between 1956 and 1971. The subcommittee also was told by Deputy Atty. Gen. Laurence Silberman that he knows of no statutory authority for the kind of tactics used in Hoover’s program, known as Cointelpro. A report on Cointelpro, made public Monday by Atty. Gen. William B. Saxbe, showed the FBI used methods Saxbe called “abhorrent” in an effort to disrupt organeons of the militant left, black extremists, white hate groups, the Communist party and some civil rights groups.

When the report was released, Kelley defended the operation as an appropriate response to “the anarchistic plans and activities of violenceprone groups” and said the FBI would have been derelict in its duty if it had not conducted it. Under sharp questioning Wednesday by members of the panel headed by Rep. Don Edwards, D-Calif., however, he said he could conceive of no circumstances in which such activities would be authorized now.

Shutdown set

INDIANAPOUS (AP) - Beginning next Wednesday, Chrysler Corp. will start a month-long curtailment of production at its four Indiana plants. The auto manufacturer previously announced cutbacks in its car assembly operations. The Indianapolis foundry, which employes 1,250 persons, will continue operating on its present two-shift basis through

Dec. 6, but then will shut down until January 6. The Indianapolis electrical plant, employing 2,600 persons, and the Kokomo transmissioncasting plant, with 5,400 employes, will operate at current levels through next Wednesday, at which time they will reduce operations to a minimal level through the end of the year. They will reopen with normal operations Jan. 6.

‘Right to report’ threatened: Landau

LONG BEACH, Calif. (AP) — The Watergate case provides an example of a dangerous trend toward the conduct of judicial proceedings in secret, a Washington legal reporter said Wednesday. Jack C. Landau of the Newhouse Newspapers said the increasing use of “gag orders” by judges threatens the right of the news media to report what is going on in the courts. A judge on the same panel defended the courts and said they are not enemies of a free press. He urged cooperation between newsmen and the courts. Landau told the 41st annual convention of the Associated Press Managing Editors that

Government victory in the Bell System case and another pending suit against International Business Machines would have immeasurable impact on the American corporate structure. The effect on consumers will be more difficult to judge. “I don’t believe we can promise this is going to lower rates,” said Keith I. Clearwaters, deputy assistant attorney general in the department’s antitrust division.

But the result “may be a downward pressure on those rates” if the department succeeds in the effort to introduce competition into the telecommunications industry, Clearwaters said. However, AT&T Board Chairman John D. deButts said the government action could fragment the nation’s telephone network and “if that happens, telephone service would deteriorate and cost much, much more.”

Clearwaters told reporters it will be at least three years before the case cranes to trial in U.S. District Court here because of complicated arguments about the data AT&T is required to produce. The IBM suit, filed nearly six years ago, is only now approaching a trial which the judge estimates will take another two years. The AT&T case turns on the company’s relationship with Western Electric Co. Inc., a

wholly-owned subsidiary which manufactures telecommunications equipment and sells virtually all of it to the Bell System, and with Bell Telephone Laboratories Inc., a subsidiary jointly owned by AT&T and Western Electric. What the Justice Department wants is a court order forcing AT&T to get rid of Western Electric and perhaps splitting Western Electric into two or more competing firms.

Nixon ‘hush money’ uncovered

WASHINGTON (AP) - Former President Richard M. Nixon once considered justifying some $450,000 paid the original Watergate defendants by saying the money was intended to keep them from talking to reporters. A tape of an April 17, 1973, conversation among Nixon, H.R. Haldeman and John D. Ehrlichman quotes Nixon as saying the White House could say, “Our purpose was to keep them (the original Watergate defendants) from talking to the press.” The tape was played Wednesday to the jury in the Watergate cover-up trial. The jury

today is scheduled to hear four more White House tapes, none of them made public before. Those tapes are the last to be put into evidence by the prose-

cutors.

In another development Wednesday, Herbert J. Miller Jr., an attorney for Nixon, told Judge John J. Sirica that arrangements had been cranpleted for three courtappointed physicians to examine the former president Monday. Sirica ordered the exam to determine if Nixon is healthy enough to testify at the trial. In the tape recording of the April 17 meeting among the

three men, the jury heard Ehrlichman reply to the President’s idea for justifying the payments: “Before I get too far on that, uh, I want to talk to an attorney and find out what the law is ...” During that conversation and others among nine tapes heard by the jury Wednesday, Nixon repeatedly looks for ways to explain the payments to the defendants. At one point Nixon asks Haldeman and Ehrlichman: “Have you given any thought to what the line ought to be — I, I don’t mean a lie — but a line, on raising the money for these defendants? Because both of

you were aware that was going on, you see — the, the raising of the money — you were aware of it, right?” Either Haldeman or Ehrlichman is heard to answer, “Yes

sir.”

All of the nine tapes played Wednesday had previously been made public by Nixon while he was still President on April 30, 1974. By comparison, the jury heard blocks of conversation and different phrasing than was contained in the transcripts released by Nixon over a year ago.

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“the Washington Post could never have broken the Watergate story if it had obeyed the gag order.” The order directed principals in the case not to discuss it with reporters. Landau said the editors should be prepared to fight the courts “every time they step on the First Amendment.” California Superior Cour Judge Arthur L. Alarcon of Los Angeles urged Landau to “drop the militaristic language” and added: “Let’s back off and work together.” “Most of us judges are not enemies of the First Amendment, are not enemies of the free press,” said Alarcon.

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