Banner Graphic, Greencastle, Putnam County, 27 November 1973 — Page 5

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Tutdqy, November 27,1973

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IY FEDERAL CRIME COMMISSION

Citizens’ Crusade Against Govt. Corruption Urged

By MARGA RETGENTR Y Associated Press Writer WASHINGTON (AP> — A federal crime commission today appealed for a citizen crusade against government corruption and the street crime it promotes. “The system of criminal justice will break down unless citizens come forward as complainants, as witnesses, and as jury members to participate actively in the prosecution of official corruption,” said the National Advisory Commission on Criminal Justice Standards and Goals. The tools of reform “can be effective only if the public is determined to rid the nation of governmental corruption,” the commission said in the sixth and final report prepared during a two-year study financed with a $1.75 million grant from the federal Law Enforcement Assistance Administration. The 364-page report was based on the work of a task force headed by Jack Michie, director of the Michigan Division of Vocational Education. Enlisting citizen participation in a broad range of anticrime efforts, the commission encouraged such projects as prison counseling, youth recreation.

and drug treatment centers. It also said teachers must abandon arbitrary discipline and practice justice in the classroom if children are to learn respect for democratic procedures. But much of the report concerned the corruption tainting many state and local governments. Acknowledging the absence of accurate measurements of the pervasiveness of corruption, the commission said even the cases alreadydisclosed are alarmingly numerous. Further, the report said, “Official corruption breeds disrespect for the law ... As long as official corruption exists, the war against crime will be perceived by many as a war of the powerful against the powerless.” The commission urged citizens to band together and demand such reforms as these: —Ethics codes for state officials, enforced by a state-ap-pointed board of private citizens with power to conduct investigations, subpoena witnesses and evidence, and conduct public hearings. —Legislative limits on political campaign spending and a ban on political contributions

from individuals who do business with the state. —State laws at least as strong as the 1971 Federal Election Campaign Act which requires regular public reports of the money received and spent by candidates and campaign committees.

—Laws requiring public officials to disclose their personal and financial interests. —Creation of central purchasing agencies staffed with wellprid professionals as a move to combat bribery in the awarding of state contracts. —Tighter regulations on zon-

ing, tax assessment and government licensing so public officials will have little room to exercise their own discretion and perhaps succumb to illegal payoffs. The commission warned that organized crime plays a significant, though not well-docu-

mented, role in government Organized crime thrives only corruption. j n a climate of “acquiescence

or active assistance of public officials,” the report said.

Arabs Search For Uatty

Ford, Energy Leg. Congress Top Bills

By JOHN CHA D WICK Associated Press Writer WASHINGTON (AP> — The nomination of Gerald R. Ford to be vice president and energy legislation share top billing this week as Congress returns from its Thanksgiving recess. The Senate, starting debate today on the Ford nomination, is to vote on confirmation Tuesday. No senator has announced he intends to vote against the nomination, unanimously approved by the Senate Rules Committee after its examination of Ford and his record. The House Judiciary Committee, still conducting its hearings on President Nixon’s selection of Ford to replace Spiro T. Agnew, is expected to act later in the week.

The House, meanwhile, is scheduled to vote this week on a bill requiring year-round Daylight Saving Time on an experimental basis until April 1975. The measure is a response to part of President Nixon’s legislative program to cope with the energy shortage. After voting on Ford, the Senate is to take up a bill to roll back the salary of the attorney general in an effort to make Sen. William B. Saxbe, R-Ohio, constitutionally eligible for appointment to the Cabinet post. The Senate Judiciary Committee reported the bill last week without recommendation. It had received conflicting testimony on whether the measure could overcome a constitutional ban on the appointment of a Congress member to an office

for which the salary has been increased during his elected term. Saxbe, whose term does not expire until Jan. 3, 1975, was a member of the Senate in 1969 when the salaries of Cabinet members were raised from $35,000 to $60,000. Also slated in the Senate is floor action on a House-passed bill to raise the limit on the national debt to $475.7 billion through June 30, 1974. A bipartisan effort is being made to attach a measure for public financing of federal elections to the bill. The present $465-billion temporary debt ceiling expires Friday, and without new legislation the Treasury would run out of operating funds in about a week.

By THEASSOCIA TED PRESS Leaders of 17 Arab nations are gathering in Algiers in search of a unified approach to the proposed peace conference with Israel. The Israeli government said it is willing in principle to begin the conference in Geneva Dec. 18. But Egypt, although it also has expressed willingness to participate, was reported reluctant to start the conference until there is some withdrawal of Israeli troops along the Suez Canal. Negotiations between Israel and Egypt for a joint troop withdrawal were deadlocked. The Arab summit conference in Algiers was aimed at developing “a course of action ready to face any development,” one informant in Algiers said. “This would include more fighting if diplomatic efforts fail, plus economic pressure to create a favorable international climate.”

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But the first pan-Arab meeting since the October war was plagued in advance by characteristic Arab disunity. Iraq and Libya were boycotting the meeting, claiming it would only lead to capitulation to Israel. And King Hussein of Jordan sent a representative to avoid an embarrassing face-to-face confrontation with Yasir Arafat and other Palestinian guerrilla leaders who reject Hussein’s claim to speak for the Palestinians in Jordan. Foreign ministers of the 17 states met in Algiers Saturday and Sunday to draft resolutions for submission to their chiefs. Conference sources said it was hoped the result would be at least the framework of a panArab program of action. The Israeli cabinet announced that, while it is willing to attend the proposed Geneva conference. Premier Golda Meir would give her final decision after Israel receives a formal invitation. The Israelis have been trying to delay the peace conference until after their national elec-

tion Dec. 31. Government sources said the conference can’t get down to substantive negotiations until after the new political lineup in Israel is decided. At Kilometer 101 on the SuezCairo road, meanwhile, an Is--raeli-Eyptian negotiating session to discuss new cease-fire lines was cancelled Sunday. Unofficial sources said the two sides have agreed to an Israeli withdrawal to a line several miles east of the Suez Canal. But Egypt is demanding that it be allowed to leave a full military force on the east bank of the canal, while Israel will permit only a lightly armed police force. The Israeli military command reported intermittent firing Sunday along both the Suez and Syrian cease-fire lines and said an Israeli soldier was killed in an exchange of artillery and tank fire on the west bank of the Suez Canal, south of the Ismailia-Cairo road. A spokesman said he was the second Israeli soldier to die on the Egyptian front since the ceasefire Oct. 24.

Consumer Questions To President

ByGAYLORDSHAW Associated Press Writer WASHINGTON (AP>— President Nixon announced on Sunday night a series of steps intended to cope with this winter’s energy crisis. Here are some of the questions consumers might be asking as a result of the President’s action, and the answers based on information from the White House and other administration officials: 0- What did the President do? A. The main points he announced are a movement toward banning Sunday sales of gasoline coupled with a mandatory allocation program for gasoline at wholesale and retail levels, an extension of the mandatory allocation system for middle distillate fuels — including home heating oil — to the end user, and a reduction in jet fuel available for airlines. He also said he would impose a 50 mile-per-hour speed limit for cars and a 55 mph limit for buses and trucks, if Congress gives him the authority. 0- How would the Sunday gasoline sales ban work? A. The President is asking service stations to halt Sunday sales voluntarily beginning Dec. 1. The ban would become mandatory after Nixon receives legislation pending before Congress. All retail gasoline sales would be banned from 9 p.m. Saturday to 12:01 a.m. Monday. This applies to cars, trucks, pleasure boats, private aircraft and recreational vehicles. Service stations could remain open on Sunday, but they could not sell gasoline. The idea, officials said, is to prevent long weekend journeys while allowing people to use their cars when necessary on Sundays. 0- What about the allocation program for heating oil? A. The program will reduce the amounts of heating oil available for residential heating by 15 per cent, for commercial heating by 25 per cent and for industrial uses by 10 per cent. The regulations will be effective on Jan. 1, but officials said voluntary compliance is expected sooner. Enforcement will be handled by state-level committees and by the Interior Department’s Office of Oil and Gas. 0- How would a householder know what to expect and what to do, if his home is heated by oil? A . Detailed regulations should spell it out, but it looks like a simple 15 per cent reduction from last year’s supplies for the home owner. If you know how much fuel you used last winter, subtracting 15 per cent should tell you about how much you can expect to get this winter. The President said that much oil could be saved by lowering thermostat settings about six degrees. Q. Will homes heated by natural gas or electricity be affected 0 A. Not officially, but the government is urging these consumers to turn down their thermostats to 68 degrees or less to avoid severe shortages. No formal controls are being applied because of the difficulty in

regulating how muen electricity or natural gas goes to each home or business.

Some like Difference Between Cox, Jaworsk?

By DONALD A/_ ROTH BERG Associated Press Writer WASHINGTON (APj— A big difference between Archibald Cox and Leon Jaworski is the difference between a constitutional lawyer and a prosecutor. And many lawyers on the special Watergate prosecutor’s staff, who had been deeply suspicious of Jaworski, have come to like that difference. But still unanswered is whether it will lead Jaworski into the same sort of confrontation with the White House that led to the firing of Cox. “I want such tapes as are material and I intend to get them,” Jaworski told the Senate Judiciary Committee, which is considering a bill that would cloud his status by establishing a court-appointed special prosecutor. “I may move a little faster than some people would,” Jaworski told the committee. He was sworn in as special prosecutor Nov. 5 and two days later sent the White House a formal request for still another tape of a presidential conversation. Jaworski’s readiness to move quickly to obtain more evidence impressed staff lawyers accustomed to Cox’s tendency to agonize over fine legal points that might prove more significant to the Supreme Court than to a federal grand jury. “Archie was always looking ahead to the appeals,” one staff member said. “Jaworski has more a prosecutor’s mentality.” The favorable impression Jaworski has made on his staff and on Congress appears to have undercut chances for passage of a court-appointed prosecutor bill. So far, the White House has given the new prosecutor far more promises of cooperation than Cox ever received. Gone are the claims of executive privilege and the need to maintain the confidentiality of presidential discussions with aides. But it has only been promises, so far. Neither Jaworski nor U.S. District Court Judge John J. Sirica has received any of the documents or tapes Cox went to court to obtain. When Cox, after two court decisions upholding his right to obtain White House tapes, defied a presidential order to halt his efforts, President Nixon fired him on Oct. 20. The dismissal left Cox’s staff stunned and embittered but determined to stay intact, if possible, and continue its investigations. The White House too was stunned by the public outcry at Cox’s dismissal.

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