Muncie Post-Democrat, Muncie, Delaware County, 28 April 1950 — Page 2

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THE HERALD, EATON, INDIANA, FRIDAY, APRIL 28, 1950.

ill£ i'OSi-DEMOCRAT . democratic weoxly newspaper representing the 'eurocrats of Muncie, Delaware County and the 10th .tmgressional District. The only Democratic News* >aper in Delaware County.

Entered as second class matter January 16, 1923, ft the Post Office at Muncie. Indiana, under Act of *Ki*ch 3. 1879.

PRICE 5 CENTS—$2.00 A TEAR MRS. GEO. R. DACE, Publisher 816 West Main Street

Muncie, Indiana, Friday, April 28, 1950.

A Stabilized Economy President Truman has continued his efforts toward a stabilized economy and self won security for working people with a special message to the Congress urging that the unemployment insurance system be overhauled. The President urged action by the Congress to extend unemployment insurance coverage to six million more workers than at present, and asked a longer duration for such benefits. The President praised the present system in these words: “One of the great advances in economic legislation made during the Nineteen Forties was to establish the Federal-State system of employment security. This system has two parts—first, a nation-wide employment service to help workers find jobs and employers find job-seekers, and, second, a nation-wide system of unemployment insurance to help tide workers over periods of unemployment.” The message emphasized that the pride and self-reliance of Americans makes finding and having a job much more important to a worker than receiving unemployment insurance benefits. That is why th« employment service is so important. But the President also pointed out: “We cannot, however, completely eliminate unemployment; even in times of high employment, there will be turnover of jobs and numerous shifts and changes in job opportunities. Consequently, we must have a strong and steadily improving system of unemployment insurance.” The President urged the lawmakers to strengthen this insurance program this year, because, as he pointed out, State legislatures will have to enact or change their own laws to fit any new Federal action, and most of the State Legislatures will meet in 1951. Here are some of the significant points in the President's message: “In the past twelve years, unemployment insurance has proved its worth, not only as an invaluable source of support to unemployed workers and their families, but also as a means of maintaining purchasing power of great value to the entire economy ... This was a significant factor in preventing serious dislocations during last year’s period of economic readjustment. . . “Over 15,000,000 workers — about onethird of all employes—are not protected by unemployment insurance . . . “On several occasions in recent years, I have recommended that hte system be imhave recommended that the system be imers not now covered; to provide, in every state, benefits for twenty-six weeks, ranging up to $30 a week for single persons, with additional benefits for dependents . . . “Action on these proposals has become more urgent as unemployment has increased somewhat, in spite tof the continuing high levels of business activity ...” The President’s specific five points were listed in these words: “First, I recommend that coverage be extended to about 6,000,000 workers not now covered . . . “Coverage should be extended to employes of small firms—those employing one to seven workers . . . “Coverage should also be extended to Federal Government civilian employes . . . “I also propose extension of coverage to about 500,000 persons who are employed on a commission basis, and about 200,000 workers in occupations of an industrial nature connected with agriculture, all of whom are excluded at present . . . ■ “Second, I recommend the establishment of nation-wide minimum levels for amounts and duration of unemployment benefits, in order to correct the second major deficiency in the present unemployment insurance system—the inadequacy of benefits . . . “. . . The standards proposed are these: Benefits for single persons should approximate 50 per cent of normal earnings, up to a maximum of at least $30 a week . . . The proportion of previous earnings replaced would vary with the number of dependents, up to a maximum of 70 per cent of wages, or $42, whichever is lower, for an individual with three or more dependents ... “Benefits should be available for at least twenty-six weeks in a year . . . “Third, I recommend that adequate methods should be required to provide benefits for workers who move from one state to another . . . “Fourth, I recommend that both Federal and State laws concerning fraud and disqualifications should be revised and improved .. . “Fifth, I recommend, at this time, two improvements in the financing arrangements for unemployment insurance ... I propose that the Federal unemployment tax be paid into a special Federal unemployment account in the Unemployment Trust Fund . . . “Experience has demonstrated that the cost of unemployment insurance varies widely among the different states . . . So that these states will not be forced to increase their tax rates unduly during periods of declining employment and payrolls, the legislation should be amended to provide assistance to such States through reinsurance grants when their funds approach exhaustion.” These proposals to help Americans get

jobs and to aid persons who have been working to keep on living decently when they are out of work are sound methods to help iron out the ups and down in our economy by use of the proven method of insurance. Those who oppose them would do well to compare the cost of the economic stability achieved through the present program with the cost of the unemployment of the last depression when, no such stabilizing program

existed.

"A Scientists Looks At Government" Charles C. Price, Head, Department of Chemistry University of Notre Dame THE MEANING OF FREEDOM In view of the grave situation the free nations of the world face today, it is of vital significance to examine the concept of freedom, what it means to us and how it is secured. First, let us recognize that complete unrestrained individual freedom would be anarchy. We must certainly recognize that our individual natural rights and freedom are not protected by personal force. We do not obtain our rights and freedom because we have more machine guns than our neighbors. We have personal freedom because we have, collectively, instituted a constitutional government which protects our rights and freedom by the authority we have granted it to enforce law. We have given our city governments the right to enact and enforce city laws for this purpose, our state governments the rights to enact and enforce state laws, and our federal government the authority and power to enact and enforce laws regulating interstate affairs. Thus, in the interest of our common welfare and security, we have pooled some of our individual sovereignty to obtain peace and freedom through law and order under representative government. W^ have thereby achieved far greater individual political and economic benefits than could ever be achieved through the chaos of anarchy. Any actions taken by our government in the form of law for the common welfare and security of the American people of necessity must to some extent limit the freedom of individuals to take action detrimental to the commonly agreed welfare and security of all We must therefore recognize clearly that complete personal freedom would leave us with no security; we would have the Jungle law of winner take all* the devil take the hindmost. Complete security, on the other hand, would leave us with no freedom. The purpose of our government is to seek those compromises which protect the maximum of individual freedom consistent with a reasonable degree of security and welfare for all. As times and conditions in our nation and the world change, the welfare and security of more and more people become interdependent and interrelated. For this reason, the responsible functions of government must inevitably become more and more extensive. Today, when conflict and interdependence have reached the world level, it has become imperative to the peace and freedom of the nations of the world that the functions of peace through equal justice under law and government be extended to the world level. Reach For Goals Of FDR Last week marked the fifth anniversary of the death of Franklin D. Roosevelt and the swearing in of Harry S. Truman as the President of the United States. The President observed the anniversary by working hard at the duties of his office and by sending a simple wreath of flowers to the tomb of his predecessor at Hyde Park. The President’s duties on April 12 symbolized his untiring efforts to reach the goals Harry Truman shared with Franklin D. Roosevelt: A * stable and prosperous United States where free citizens share equitably in the results of our national production; A world in which free nations unite their energies toward achieving a just and lasting peace and a higher standard of living for all of the world. On his fifth anniversary as President, Mr. Truman conferred with Administration officials on problems of the domestic economy and national defense, and in the field of international relations he welcomed the President of Chile on a state visit of inter-Ameri-can friendship. These five years in office have not been easy ones. The President has made the decision on the atom bomb which saved countless thousands of lives and ended the war. He, along with his Administration and the Congress, has wrestled with the endlessly difficult problems of converting our wargeared economy to peacetime production without severe economic dislocation. Confronted by stubborn and unscrupulous people seeking to spread communism rather than to secure the peace, the United States has developed a bi-partisan foreign policy and has assumed the responsibility of world leadership of nations of good will. Under Harry Truman’s leadership, it has brought to free nations hope and confidence where once has been discouragement and terror. There has also been a political campaign in which the President fought and won the campaign for Democratic liberalism against odds which many thought hopeless. None of these last five years has been easy for Harry Truman. But he has worn them well. His hair is whiter, but he is as energetic as ever in working at the biggest and hardest job in the world. The President is not looking backward at hazards and difficulties already encountered and surmounted, but forward to the needs of : the future, to what must be done to keep our . economy continually expanding as our popu-

Lt.-Col. R.A. Kalb Gets “Big A” For Work In Reserve ATTERBURY AIR FORCE BASE—The “Big A” for the first of Indiana’s Reserve flying units to reach the coveted Class “A” status. The symbolic award was made by Colonel James A. Ronin, commanding officer of the 2466th Air Force Reserve Training Center, Atterbury Air Force Base, to Lt. Col. Robert A. Kalb, 72nd Troop Carrier Squadron, in recogniation of his organization being the first tactical unit in Indiana Air Force Reserves to reach this goal. The other three tactical squadrons of the 434 Troop Carrier Wing were not far behind in obtaining the 80 per cent of full authorized strength necessary for the Class A. Status. Second of these was the 74th TC squadron, commanded by Major John E. Conner, 2815 E. Main St., Indi-

apolis.

The 71st, commanded by Major James C. Brown, 3321 N. Wallace St., Indianapolis, and the 73rd, under the leadership of Lt. Col. David E. Young, Newburgh, received their designations simultaneously. Attainment of the Class “A” rating means in effect that the unit is ready for prompt mobilization in case of an emergency. Total authorized strength of the 434th Wing, with its four tactical squadrons, medics, maintenance and supply and other squadrons, is 1511 airmen and officers. Total Wing strength for Class “A” requires 207 airmen and officers. Present total strength is 1125. Now that they have reached Class “A” status, the Hoosier reservists are permitted four training periods per month.. These are scheduled for a Saturday afternoon and evening and Sunday morning and afternoon on one weekend per month. For this two days time the Reservists receive four days pay. This is in addition to the 15 days active duty period each summer. Although the 434th has a total of 1125 officers and airmen at the present, there are still openings in the program for recruits, vetersan or not, in various fields. The age limits are 19 to 35 years but waivers can be made in many instances for certain personnel up to 45 years of age. Practically every county and community in the state is represented on the rosters of the 434th Troop Carrier Wing.

I

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Captain Assumes

Blame For

PHONE 2-3284

Grounding Of Mo NOFOLK, Va.,—1 -Capt. W. D. Brown assumed personal responsibility today for the grounding of the Battleship Missouri, while it was under his command. “I and I alone bear the sole re_ snonsibility,” Brown told a Naval

accident. “A$ captain of the ship,” he told the board in a formal statement “it was my duty to keep her safe and secure. I didn’t do it.” Brown was taking the 45,000ton battleship on her first cruise

under his command last Jan. 17 when the vessel went aground on Timble Shoals in Hampton Roads while trying to run a secret acoustic range. The Mighty Mo sat on the mudbank for 15 days.

lation grows; to what must be done to provide more security and a better standard of living for all of our citizens; and toward the new steps that must be taken to give continued vigor and purpose to our efforts to win the peace. The road ahead is not an easy one, but the President is facing it with the traditional American confidence that we have the unity, the ideals, the ideas and the energy to make our destiny what we will it to be. National Unity Strengthened Despite the distractions of the guerrilla warfare still being carried on by some Republicans against Secretary Acheson and the State Department, Democratic efforts to bolster bi-partisan cooperation in foreign affairs ARE strengthening national unity. The appointment of John Foster Dulles as a special adviser to the Secretary of State was such strong evidence of the Democratic desire for cooperation that no one could ignore it or minimize its significance. But the job of keeping bi-partisanship in foreign affairs alive and strong in the unhealthy atmosphere of partisan political attacks cannot be done in Washington alone. It is a job for responsible leaders of both parties in all sections of America. All of you who receive this letter can help. Keep on being calm and unfrightened by Red Scare headlines. The FBI IS on the job and doing a good job. A competent, fair, unbiased board of citizens of the highest character, headed by a Republican, is investigating charges of disloyalty among government employes. It makes its findings on the basis of hard facts. NOT on hearsay, headlines, gossip, and “guilt by association.” Remind your friends of these facts. Keep on rejecting demands that we resort to police state methods to combat communism. One reason we combat communism is that it is a police state government. If we substitute “purges” and persecutions for the traditional American concept that a man is innocent until proVed guilty, we shall have done to ourselves in panic what the communists could never impose on us by force. Keep on refusing to let irresponsible charges by some Republicans lead you into retaliating with the same kind of dangerous partisanship on foreign issues. Of course ^we all should deny false charges and defend Secretary Acheson and the State Department. But we should make our replies dignified and factual and not retaliate with the sort of personal vilification that some have injected into the loyalty investigation. If you leaders of our party keep on being

calm and reasonable during what is admittedly a trying and critical period in interparty cooperation on foreign problems, a lot of other people will also stay calm and reasonable and everyone (except a few partisan headline hunters) will benefit. Our State Department is sound and so is our foreign policy. Bi-partisan cooperation on foreign policy is still a working operation. McCarthy’s Headline Hunting Press comment and public reaction to efforts of Democrats and Republicans to repair the demage done to bi-partisan foreign cooperation has been encouraging, and shows that there is a strong desire for national unity in the struggle to win a just peace and combat the encroachment of communism on free nations abroad. Some Republican Congressional spokesmert and many Republican and independent editorialists and commentators were sharply criticizing Senator Joseph McCarthy (R. Wis.) and those Republicans who joined him in his smear attacks on the State Department. For example, Senator Henry Cabot Lodge, Jr., (R., Mass.) commented: “. . . the present method of making public charges against individuals before a Congressional committee has proved itself a very defective way of promoting loyalty, since it often besmirches the character of innocent persons, weakens the position of the United States before the world, fails to find the really dangerous individuals and, by putting the spotlight on others, can actually increase the security of the real communist ringleaders. Recently it wrote in reference to the statement of Elder Statesman Henry L. Stimson which was printed in last week’s “Capital Comment”: “Newspaper editorial writer, columnists and radio commentators across the land, regardless of political leanings and with astounding near unanimity, have been trying to tell the people of the damage Senator McCarthy is doing to his country. Not one, however, has made it as crystal clear as this respected elder statesman, Henry L. Stimson ...” This week the bi-partisan support which Mr. Stimson had urged so eloquently was increasing for two-story cooperation and for our public officials. Democrats can be proud of the share that their continued spirit of cooperation on foreign affairs, in the face of partisan attacks such as Senator McCarthy’s, have contributed to restoring unity.

Nile Daughters Decry Veil Seek 'Rights' CAIRO, Egypt — Egyptian women are on the warpath for political rights. Headed by chic Mrs. Doria Shafik, president of the Union of the Daughters of the Nile (Dint el Nil), the smartly clad, smart set of Egyptian ladies, whose mothers wore veils, are campaigning for full rights for their sex. There are many supporters of women’s rights in the present Wafdist cabinet, including the minister of education, Taha Hussein Bey, known to favor full political rights for women. He is for co-education and everything that would make women take place in an equal life. Plan Outlined The minister of social affairs, Ahmed Hussein, is another. He is married to a graduate of the American University of Cairo. Mrs. Hussein majored in social science. Doria Shafik outlined a plan for a referendum to the people in the hope that she might achieve results to obtain full political rights for

— 1 — : 1 ii p» * women n Egypt. She wants women to become deputies and’ senators. Mrs. Shafik is a brunette who certainly can be classed as one of the smartest-dressed women anywhere in the world. Pretty, svelt e and extremely confident in her own sex, she has become the symbol of young Egyptian womanhood and the hope of all young girls now graduating from the various schools and colleges in Egypt. At the last meeting of the union she heads, she summarized her group’s aims: 1. To obtain full political rights for women. 2. To increase literacy among women so that ignorance would not be one of the obstacles to the fulfilment of their rights. 3. Reform of the family in Egypt, as being one of the foundations on which a happy nation is built. Doria Shafik is going about it in a practical way which many male leaders could well emulate, say her proud supporters. Her union is starting schools where women teachers will organize classes for their less fortunate sisters. The first school has been opened in the slum area of Boulac, Cairo. “It’s going to be a tough, uphill fight, but we’re going to make it,” vow th e members of the Union of the Daughters of the Nile. There are 25 power-boat delivered and 31 airplane-operated mail routes in Alaska.

Straddling the center-line is characteristic OF A SELFISH, INCONSIDERATE DRIVER. IF YOU MEET A ROAD HOG, THE CHICAGO MOTOR CLUB ADVISES YOU TO PULL OVER TO THE RIGHT HAND SIDE OF THE ROAD AS FAR AS THE PAVEMENT PERMITS UNTIL YOU PASS HIM SAFELY.