Muncie Post-Democrat, Muncie, Delaware County, 12 December 1947 — Page 3

THE POST DEMOCRAT, MUNCIE, IND., FRIDAY, DECEMBER 12, 1947.

PAGE THREE

Legal Notices

4. Motor Bus and Railroad Stations. V. Bakeries employing more than five (5; persons on the premises, t. Laundries employing more than five iSl persons on the premises. 8. Blacksmith khop. 10. Bottling works. 11. Building Material Storage Yard. 12. Carting. Express, Hauling or Storage Yard. 13. Contractor’s Plant or Storage Yard. 14. Coal, Coke or Wood Yard. 15. Dyeing and Cleaning Works, employing more than five (5) persons on the premises, or using a cleaning fluid that has a petroleum base. 16. Public Stable. 17. Lumber Yard, but not including a planing mill. 18. Machine Shop. 18. Milk Distributing Station, other than a retail business conducting on the premises. 20. Wholesale Poultry Shop. 21. Stone Monument Works, employing more than five (5) persons on the premises. 22. Storage or Wholesale Warehouse. 23. Industrial Operations normally using only light machinery, and which are not noxious or offensive by reason of the emission of smoke, dust, gas, fumes, odors, noice or vibrations, beyond the immediate confines of the piernises or building where such use is conducted. b, HEIGHT. No building hereafter Greeted, reconstructed or structurally, altered. shall exceed one hundred twentyfive (125) feet or ten stories in height. C.-RESIDENTIAL BUILDINGS. Residential Buildings hereafter erected in the C-l General Commercial District shall comply with all of the Regulations of the M-l Multiple-Family Residential District which apply to such buildings. d. SIDE YARDS. Where a C-l General Commercial District adjoins a Residential District within a block, a side yard of at least four (4) feet shall be provided next to the residential district lot, and if the commercial building exceeds fory (40) feet in height, the side yard shall equal ten per cent (107c) of the height of the building. SECTION 8. C-2 NEIGHBORHOOD COMMERCIAL DISTRICT «. No building or premises shall be used, and no building shall be erected, recon•trueted or structurally altered, which is arranged, intended or designed to be used for other than the following uses, unless otherwise provided herein: 1, Uses listed under this Title in the M-l Multiple - Family Residential District. 2. Personal Service Uses, including Barber Shop. Beauty Shop, Photographic Shop. 3. Clothing Service Uses, including Dry Cleaning and Pressing, Laundry Agencies. Self-Service Laundries, Dressmaking. Millinery, Tailor Shop. 4, Equipment Service Uses, including Radio Shop, Electric Appliance Shop, Record Shop. 6. Business Service Uses, including Banks, Real Estate Offices, Professional Offices, Utilities Offices, Postal Stations. 8. Food Service Uses, including Groceries, Meat Markets, Supermarkets, Restaurants, Delicatessens, Roadride Sales Stands. Small Bakery. 7. Retail Service Uses, including Drugstore, Newsdealer, Sales or Show Rooms, Flower Shop. Greenhouse not over 1000 square feet in area. i. Automobile Service Uses, including Filling Stations, Public Garages, Tire Repair Shops, Public Parking

Lots.

8. Commercial Recreational Uses, Including Theaters, but nob Drive-in Theaters. Bowling Alievs. Skating Rinks, Billiard Rcoms, Night Clubs, Taverns Dancing Academies. 10. Mortuary. 11. Veterinary Hospital. 12. Signs of Billboards. 13. Hotels. 14. Private Clubs or Lodges. 15. Accessory Buildings and Uses customarily incident to the above uses. Any building used primarily for any of the above nurposes may not have more than forty per cent (40%) of its floor area devoted to industrial or storage purposes incidental to such primary use. d provided that not more than five (5) persons are employed at one time or on any' one shift in connection with such incidental use. b. HEIGHT. The Height Regulations are identical with those prescribed herein lor the M-l Multiple-Family Residential District. c. INTENSITY OF USB OF LOT. The ■Regulations under this Title prescribed for the M-l Multiole-Fcimily Residential District shall apply to all residential structures as separate buildings or over com 1 - mercial structures. d. YARDS. The Yard Regulations are Identical with those prescribed for the M-l Multinle-Familv Residential District, except that Side Yards need not be provided except where the C-2 Neighborhood Commercial District adjoins a residential district within a block, in which case a minimum side yard of four (4) feet shall be provided. SECTION 9. 1-1 INDUSTRIAL DISTRICT #. USE. No building or premises shall be used, and no building shall be erected, reconstructed or structurally altered, which is arranged, intended or designed to be used for other than the following uses, unless otherwise provided herein: 1. Uses listed under this Title under the R-3 Two-Family Residential District. 2, Uses listed under this Title under the C-2 Neighborhood Commercial District. , ' 3, Uses listed in Items 3 to 23. both Inclusive, under this Title in the C-l General Commercial District. 4. Jupk storage and Automobile Dismantling only within enclosed buildings, or In yards completely enclosed 'find surrounded by solid wails or solid fences at least eigth (8) feet in height. 8. Industrial Operations of any kind except the following: (a) Aceylene gas manufacture or storage. (b) Acid manufacture. / (ci Alcohol manuiacture. (d) Ammonia, Bleaching Powder or Chlorine Manufacture. (e) Blast Furnace. . <f) Cement: Lime. Gypsum or Plaster of Paris Manufacture, i (g) Creosote Manufacture or Treat(h) Distillation of Bones, Wood or

Coal.

(i) Dyestuff Manufacture. (j) Explosives or Fireworks Manu-

facture, or -Storage. (k) Fat Rendering.

(l) Garbage. Otfal or Dead Animals ; Reduction or Dumping. (m) Gas Manufacture or Storage.

r - (n) Glue. Size or Gelatine ManU-

(o) Petroleum Refining'.

(p) Smelting of Tin. Coppea. Zinc

or Iron Ores.

in) Tar Distillation or Manufacture, (rj Manufacture or Industrial Operation of any -kiln! which is

1 . noxious or offensive beyond the

confines of the premises or building in which such opera-

' ’ reason ol

}Legal Notices

Y~

mission and determination that the Special Use on the site applied for is consistent with the spirit, purpose and- Intent of this ordinance, will not substantially or permanently injure the appropriate use of neighboring property, and, if of a public or semi-public nature, will substantially serve the public convenience and genera)

welia.e:

a. Airport of Aircraft Landing Field. b. Amusement Park.

c. Baseball Park.

d. Cepietery or Crematory, e. Fire or Police Station.

f. Golf Course.

g. Home Occupation.

h. Hospitals, including those for the

insane or Jeeble-minded.

i. Horse or Automobile Racing Estab-

lishments.

J. Library or Museum.

k. Motels and Tourist Lodges.

l. Penal and Correctional Institution. m. Philanthropic or, Charitable Insti-

tution.

n. Professional Office. o. Public Building. p. Institution of Higher Learning. q. Sa litary Fill. r. Sewage or Garbage Disposal Plant. s. Stockyards or Abattoir. SECTION 11. NON-CONFORMING USES. The lawful use of a building or premises, existing at the time of passage of this ardinance, may be continued although such use does not conform to all of the provisions of this ordinance, except : hereinafter rovlded. b. A non-conforming use may be extended throughout a building provided no structural, alterations are made therein, except those required by ,aw. c. A non-conforming use may be changed to anothtn non-conforming use of the same or greater restrictions, provided no structural c h an g e s are made in the building. d. Whenever a non-conforming use has been changed to a conforming use or to a use permitted in a district of greater restrictions it shall not thereafter be changed to a non-conforming use or a less restricted use. These provisions aoply in the same manner to a use which may become a non-conforming use due to a later amendment of this ord,nance. f. In the event that a non-conforming use of any building or premises in discontini'id r v period of one year, ihe i se of the same shall thereafter conform to the uses Permitted In the district in which it is located. g. To building shall be erected upon any premises devoted to a non-oenforming use. and no building located upon any such premises, x.hich has been damaged by fire or other causes to the extent of more than seventy-five per cent (75% l of its value, shall be repaired or rebuilt, except in conformity with the regulations of -;his ordinance. h. The Common Council mav authorise, by written permit, in a -esidential district for a period of not more nan one • ear from the date of such permit, a temporary building for commercial or industrial use incidental to the residential construction end development of said district. i. No building, whose use does not conform to the provisions of this ordinance, shall be enlarged, extended, reconstructed strueturahv altered, except when required by law or ordinance, unless such use is changed to a use permitted ir. the distri-t )n which such hui’dip" ie ■-ma-i'd. j. Nothing bejrein contained shall require anv change in’the plans, construction or designated use of a building for which a building permit has been heretofore issued and the construction of which has been diligentlv prosecuted within ninetv (SO) days of the date of such permit and which entire building shah be completed according to such plans, as filed, within three years from the date of passage of this ordinance. SECTION 12. AMORTIZATION OF NONCONFORMING USES. a. The lawful use of land for storage, purposes, which does not conform to the provisions of this ordinance, shall be discontinued within live (3i years from the date of passage of this ordinance,- and the use of land for storage purposes, which may become a non-conforming use by reason of an amendment to this ordinance, shall be discontinued within five (5) years from the date of passage of such amend-

ment.

b. All non-conforming commercial or industrial uses in Residential Districts shall bo discontinued upon transfer of ownership or termination of the existing lease tbareon, as case may be, of the person in -possession as owner or lessee of the property devoted to such non-conform-ir.g use on the effective date of this ordinance, unless then maintained in a building designed ior such non-conforming use which is not older than fifty (50) vears, or in a building designed for such non-conforming use, which has been reconstructed or enlarged in major part within fifty (50) years, in which event -uch non-conforming -use of the building shall be discontinued when fifty (50) years have elapsed from the time when it was erected or so rficonstruciad •>- cri •”~ed. SECTION 1,3. EECFPTI^N'- IN THi; USE, HEIGHT AND AREA N-v NATIONS. a. The dritrict reguiatio; ! palter set forth In this section qualify or supplement, as the case may be, the district regulations appearing elsewhere in this

ordinance.

1. Public, semi-public or public service buildings, churches, temples or schools, may be erected to heights of eighty (80) feet in residential districts, provided that for each two (2) feet of height, above the height limit established herein tor the district in which such building Is located, the building shall be set back one (1) foot from each re-

ouired yard line.

2. Single -\Paniily and Two - Family Dwellings or Three-or Four-Family Apartments in residential districts, mav be increased in height by not more than ten (10) feet, provided that for each two (2) feet of height above thirtv-five (35) feet, they shall be set back one (1) foot from each side or rear yard line, as re-

cmired herein.

3. Chimneys cooling towers, elevator

fire towers, monuments, stacks, tanks, stage

towers, or scenery lofts, water towers, ornamental towers, . spires, church steeples, radio towers, transmission towers, farm buildings or necessary mecha-nica,! apuurtances. mav be erected to any height not in conflief, with othen* ordinances or

regulations.

4 Any building for commercial purposes mav be erected in the C-l , General Commercial District to a height greater than one hundred twenty-five (175) feel, if the portion of the bihiciing ebove one hundred twenty-Hve '(125) feet is set back from ell street and lot lines ore (l) 1 foot for each two (2) feet of

turou^h lots and ex-

Legal Notices ^

bulkheads, penthouses.

Open space for another building. SECTION 14. UNIT S3 V ELQL MENT PLAN. i a. The owner or owners of any tract of. land, comprising an area of not less than’ ten (10, acres, may submit to the Common Council a plan for the use and development of the land, primarily for residential purposes. The proposed development plan shall be submitted to the City Plan Commission lor examination, study and report and for a public hearing. If the City Plan Commission approves the development plan, the plan, together with the recommendations of ihe City Plan Commisrion shall be embodied in a report to the Common Council, stating the rea-l sons for the anproval of the plan and application, and specific evidence and facts showing that the proposed Unit Development Plan has considered and made provision for the following essential elements : 1. That the appropriate use of property adjacent to the area included in the plan will be fully «afeguarded. 2. That the plan is consistent with the intent of this ordinance to promote nublie health, safety and the general welfare. 3. That the buildings shall b« used primarily for single-family or twofamily dwellings, apartments or group houses, and the usual accessory uses such as garages, storage space and comm-’nlty activities, and that only a small commercial area, composed of service stores, may be included. 4. That the area of the tract, excluding street area, but including tha area to be devoted to parka, parkways, and other open spaces, will provide the minimum lot- area per family, counting all families to be housed under the nUit Development Plan, which is required for the district In which such development Is to be located. . b. If the Common Council approves the proposed Unit Development Plan, building permits and occupancy permits may bo issued, even though the use of the land. 1 the location of the buildings to be erected in the area, and the yards and open spaces! provided in the plan do not conform in 1 certain respects to the regulations for the district in which the development is to be located. c. The owner or owners of any tract of land, comprising an area of not less than four (4) acres, may submit in similar manner, a Unit Development Plan for a Community Shopping Center, which shall be processed in the manner prescribed above, and may be approved if the report of the City Plan Commission shows that: 1. The commercial uses included In the plan are limited to those permitted in the C-2 Neighborhood Commercial District. 2. The entire development Is designed as a single architectural unit, with appropriate landscape architectural treatment of the entire unit area. 3. That at least twice the gross floor area of the stores to be included within the development plus one vehicle parking space of two hundred fifty (250) square feet for each six seats in any theater or place of congregation included within th* plan is provided in off-street parking area, which is an integral pact of the design of the unit plan. 4. That the appropriate use of property adjacent to the area included In the plan will be fully safe-guarded. 5. That the plan is consistent with the intent of this ordinance to promote the public health, safety and general welfare. SECTION 15. OFF-STREET PARKING FOR MOTOR'VEHICLES. a. In order to lessen or avoid congestion In the streets and to secure safety and promote general welfare, the following regulations are hereby established to require that each building hereafter erected, reconstructed or structurally altered, which is arranged, intended or designed to be used for any of ‘.he following uses. shall provide off-street parking space, of not less than two hundred fifty (250) square feet for each space, within the building, on the premises surrounding the building, or on other premises when specified, as follows: 1. Residence and Apartment Buildings: one vehicle parking space for each family housed in the building. 2. Hotels and Lodging Houses/ one vehicle parking space for each three (3) sleeping rooms. ) 3. Theater?:’; Snorts'Arenas: Churches; Temples: Other Places of Congregation: one vehicle parking space for each six (6) seats. 4. Bowling Alleys; Skating Rinks; Lodge Halls; Union Halls; one vehicle parking space for each one hundred twenty-five (125) square feet of floor space devoted to such

use.

5. Supermarkets: ^Retail Stores; Restaurants; Taverns; Night Clubs, each having an area of one thousand (1000) square feet or more: one 'vehicle parking space for each one hundred twenty-five (125) square feet devoted to such use. 6. Industrial, manufacturing, wholesale and office uses; one vehicle parking space for each three (3) employees or occupants. The maximum number of employees of a 'manufacturing, industrial or wholesale use shall be used as a basis for determining tl)e number of parking spaces to be provided. 7. Roadside Sales Stands: a minimum of six ' (6) vehicle parking spaces, plus one I’D 1 additional suace for each one hundred twenty-five (125) square feet of the area of the stand. 8. Special Uses listed in Section 10. herein: a number of vehicle parklug seaces to be determined and required as part of the permit for such Special Use. b. For the purposes outlined in Paragraph a. above. Loading and Unloading Berths, of not less than two hundred fifty (250) square feet each, shall be provided in connection with each building hereafter erected, reconstructed of structurally altered, which is arranged,' intended or designed to be used for any of the following purposes: 1. Buildings used for manufacturing, storage, wholesale and retail stores and hospitals: Square Feet of Number of Gross Floor Area Berths

Legal Notices

25000 or less 25001 tc 84000 34001 to 156000

150001 to 236000 236801 to 325000

icMit.ipnal height.

5. B'u'dihgs

(ion. is conducted, by the. emission of smoke,

dust

op through . .

tending' through from st v eet to street, mav waive the reeiVy'-ments for a rear yard bv furnish’ng an equive’efrif* o"eiv' space in lieu of

v the rear yard. *'

6. In . eomnutiug the .d c> nth. of a rear '■avrT.' whe^e a lot, ab”ts an alley on its rear, one-half ( 1 V) of the width of thq al’ev mav he included as a portion of the reoui’ - ed rear yaM. 7. A^oes'-O'-v t'uiidin-s. yhie- .^-e iiofe a. part of the jnain hn’id’nh fha" be be built in a rear yard w’fjhin three (3) feet of the rear and Side lot

lines.

8. An Accessory building, which is not a part of the main bniidimr, shall' not oc:uny more than thirty percent (30%) of the required rear yard., 9. Accessory buiidinas, which ace to be used for storage purnnses only, m"v be erected unon a lot prior to the construction of the main building on

sucl) lot.

10. Every part of a required ya”d shall he open' from the lowest point to the skv unobstructed, except for, accessory buildings in the rear yard, and excent for the ordinary' propeetions of Skvll<»lits over baeomn-hs. sills, belt courses, cornices and other features of an o’-nament"! character. projecting not more than twelve (12.1 inches. Tin's reonh-onmnt s^all not prevent the ronytriiction of fences not exceeding tour (4) feet in helcht. eveent on tVcf portion of n 'ot within tMrt.v (3 ni feet of the intm-section of two (2) or

mo -e streets.

11 Onen O’ - )otri»o. i sr , ciosed fJre escar>e.«, ffrenroof ni'WMa stairways, and balconies nroiecting into a vgrd not more then four (4) feet, and the ordin rv VirnlpottJns of chlmheys arid fines shall he Permitted. 12. For the nurnO c 'C of side yard reOllircpionfs, p Twn-Fam*Jv J}M:pUin<T or a Grotin Honto sb a n be considered as one building occupying a

single lot.

13 An open, unenclosed! or screened porch, hut not a glB'is-er.ei.ieed porch or sun-nerlor. may protect into a front yard 3, distance of not,

to exceed t o n (1(1) fpet,

44. )Xmcre dwellum quarters are proofed

above stores, the yard -require,rrantseovevlng the commercial • use shall apply -to the entire structure.

Classified *3 Special Uses, may be per-j 15. No yard or onen space required mltted bv the Common Council, after pub- about anv building for the purpose lie notice and hearing according to law.j cf complying with these regulations and after » report by the City Plan Com- shall again be used as a yard or

gas. fumes, odors, noise or vibrations. or which is injurious to the health or safety pf humans or animals or is injurious

to vegetation.

b, HEIGHT. No building hereafter Greeted, reconstructed or structurally altered, shall exceed eighty (80) feet or

•even (7) stories in height.

C INTENSITY OF USE OF LOT. The Regulations' under this Title prescribed herein for the R-3 Two-Familv Residential District shall apply to all residential structures constructed as separate buildings or «ver commercial structures in the 1-1 In-

dustrial District.

6. SIZE OF BUILDINGS. The Remila- ' ■ i- this Title under tile R-3 Two-

apply

, the f-1 Industrial District. 9, YARDS. The Yard Regulations pre■eribed herein for the R-l Shm'le-Fpinilv Residential District, shall apply to all tmlldings erected, reconstructed or structurally (filtered for residential purposes in Mm T-l Industrial. District, Where an 1-1 Industrial District ir, locate'’ directly opposite to a street frontage included within a Resvienm,! District or a C-2 Neighborhood Commercial District, there shall be U Front Yard for that part of the tha 1-1 Industrial District, conforming to the Front Yard Regulations of the R-l Singlfc-Farnily Residential

District.

/. Where *R T-l Industrial District adjoin* & Residential District, within ft block, a Side Yard of four (4) feet shall be provided along such lot line separating the two said districts. srfrS, provided, that If the industrial building is over forty (40) feet in height, a side yard equal to ten per cent (10%) of Its height

shall be provided.

SECTION 10. SPEC’A’, USES.

The following uses, which are hereby j

One (1) additional Berth for each i 7500'’ square feet above' 325000 square

feet.

2. Office Buildings and Hotels: Square Feet of Number of Gross Floor Area Berths 100000 or less 1 100001 to 336000 2 336001 to 624000 3 624001 to 944000 a 944001 to 1300000 5 One il) additional berth for each 300000 square feet above 1300000 square feet. j c. The following general and special pre visiphs .‘ frill apply to the furnishing of off-street parking facilities for motor! vehicles and loading and unloading berths^] 1. The vehicle parking spaces and I loading and unloading berths required are the minimum areas to be provided. Open areas devoted to Vehicle parking may be used in computing open spaces required by this ordinance. Required parking space Shall be counted only once in determining off-street parking requirements for Individual buildings. 2. Spacs for off-street parking may be provided for vehicles on the lot occupied by the building, which it is to seri'e, or, upon approval of the Board of Zoning Appeals, upon adjacent areas. 3. The Board ol Zoning Appeals mav grant a permit for the establishment of a vehicle parking lot, other than a commercial ( parking lot where motor' vehicles may park upon payment of a fee, in a residential district. provided that the entire area of the parking lot is within two hundred i200! feet of an adjacent Commercial or Industrial District, 1 arid Providing further that the design of each such parking lot. including the form, size, and location of entrances, bordering walls, lights, | signs, landscape treatment and . planting, shall he subject to the approval of the Board of Zoning Appeals before a permit may be granted for the establishment of such offstr.eet vehicle parking facili-

ties.

4 A Church or other place of congre- ' gallon, which requires parking facilities at times when other nearby uses would not require their estub-l lished parking facilities, may enter into a joint agreement for the use of such facilitie? arid; if such agreement is approved by the Board of Zoning Appeals, said Board may relieve the church or other place of congregation fjrom establishing Its own off-street vehicle parking facilities. 5. Groups of storofr or other buildings and u?es requiring offstreet parking facilities, as prescribed herein, may join in establishing group parking lots with adequate capacity fox all the buildings and uses partici-

pating In their establishment. | f. The Regulations herein prescribed shall not apply to lots within a C-l General Commercial District or an 1-1 Industrial District, In a block, which, at the time of passage of this ordinance, was occupied by structures used for commercial or Industrial purposes totaling fifty per cent (5074) or more of the area of the block. 7. Open parking lots shall be paved I with a dust-proof or hard surface meeting the Standard Specifica1 tions of the City of Muncie. SECTION 16. BOARD OF ZONING ; APPEALS. | a. A Board of Zoning Appeals is hereby established. The word “Board,” when used in this ordinance, shall be construed to mean the Board of Zoning Appeals. b. Tile Board shall be composed of Ifive (5) members, all of whom shall be residents of the City of Muncie, and none of whom shall hold ether elective or appointive office C *he City of Muncie or in Delaware County. Of the original five members, two shall be appointed to serve for four (4) years; one for three (3) years: one for two (2) years: and one for one (1) year. Terms of these members shall expire on the first day of January of the first, second, third or fourth year, respectively, following their appointment. Thereafter, as terms expire, each new appointment shall be for a term of four (4) years. The members of the Board shall be appointed by the Mayor of the City of Muncie. c. At the first meeting of each year, the Board shall elect a Chairman and a vice-chairman from among its members, and it may appoint and fix the compensation of a secretary. i d. The Board shall adopt rules for its procedure consistant with -the provisions of the Planning Act of 1947. which is ,'Chapter 174 of the Acts of the Indiana General Assembly of 1947. e. All meetings of the Board shall be open to the public. The Board shall keen minutes of its proceedings, keep records of its examinations and other official actions, prepare findings and record the vote on all actions taken. All minutes and records shall be filed in the office of the Board and shall be public record. f. Any decision of the building inspector made ip enforcement of this ordinance may be appealed to the board of zoning appeals by any person claiming to be adversely affected by such decision. g. The Board shall have the following powers and it shall be its duty to: 1. Hear and determine appeals from and review any order, requirement, decision or determination made by the building inspector charged with the enforcement of this ordinance. • 2. Permit and authorize exceptions to the district regulations only in the classes of case's or in particular situations as specified in this ordinance. 3. Hear and decide special exceptions to the terms of the ordinance upon which the Board is required to act under this ordinance. 4. Authorize upon appeal in specific cases such variance from the terms of this ordinance' as will not be contrary to the public interest, wheTe owing to special canditions, fully demonstrated on the bases of the facts presented, a literal enforcement of the provisions of the ordinance will result in unnecessary hardship, and so that the spirit of this ordinance shall be observed and substantial justice done. h. In exercising its powers, the Board imay reverse of affirm, wholly or partly, or may modify the order, requirement, decision or determination appealed irom as in its opinion ought to be done in the premises, and to that end shall have all the powers of the officer or board from j whom the appeal is taken. i. The Board shall hear and determine i appeals in the manner preecribed in Sec-1 tions 78 through Section 81 of the above) mentioned Planning Act of 1C47. 1. Every decision of the Board shall be j subject to review' bv certiorari, as pre- 1 scribed in Sections 82 through Section 881 of the above mentioned Planning Act of!

1947.

k. No variance in the application of the! provisions of this Ordinance shall be made; by the Board concerning the use of land,! or buildings, the intensity of such use. the size, shape or location of yards or i open spaces, the height of structures, or : any other matters ui connection with this! Ordinance, or relating to buildings now, existing' or to be cons')rucicd, uhlets! after 1 a public hearing, the Board shall find that such variance will not: l. Impair the adequate supply of light and air to adjacent property. 3. Tncreficc the hazard from fire, flood and other dangers to said property. 3. Diminish the taxable land value of lands and buildings throughout the

city.

4. Increase the congestion in the , public streets. 5. Otherwise impair the public health, safety, comfort, and general welfare of the inhabitants of Muncie. SECTION 17. PLATS TO ACCOMPANY APPLICATIONS FOR BUILDING PER-

MIT.

Each application for a building permit shall be accompanied by a plat, in duplicate, drawn to sca.'e, showing the actual dimension of the lot to be built upon, the size of the building to be erected, recontfucted or structurally altered, and such otaer information as shall be neces-! sary to provide for the enforcement of this Ordinance. A careful record shall be! kept of ail such applications and plats, in the office of the Building Inspector. SECTION 18. IMPROVEMENT LOCATION;

PERMITS.

I a. No land shall be occupied or used and no building hereafter erected, recon-j structed or structurally altered, shall be occupied or used, fn whole or in part, for any purpose whatsoever, until an Improve-' meat Location Permit shall have been Issued by the Building Inspector stating that the building and use comply with all of the provisions of this Ordinance applicable to the building, or premises or the use in ihe district in which it is to

be located.

b. No change in use shall be made in any building or part thereof, now or hereafter erected reconstructed or structurally altered, without an Improvement' Location Permit ' having been issued by the Building Inspector, and no such permit shall be issued to make such change unless, it is in conformity with the provisions of|

this Ordinance.

c. Improvement Location Permits shall | be applied for coincidentally with the; application for a building permit and shall; be Issued within ten (10) days after the lawful erection, reconstruction or structural alteration of such building shall have

been completed.

d. A record of all Improvement Location Permits shall be kept on file in the office of the Building Inspector and copies shall bp furnished upon request to any person having a proprietary or tenancy interest in the building or land affected. A fee of one dollar ($1.00) shall be charged for each original permit and fifty cents

(50c) for each copy thereof.

e. No permit shall be issued for excavation for or the erection, reconstruction or I structural alteration of any building, be-| fore application has been made for an! Improvement Location Permit. SECTION 19. INTERPRETATION, PUR-:

POSE AND CONFLICT.

a. In interpreting and applying the' * innic nf f.Vnc OrHinnnfP shall hf!

ns Ordinance, they shall be minimum requirements ; for of the public health, safety.

provisions of thi

held to be thc^^^B! Jfl (he promotion of the public health, comfort, morals, convenience and general

welfare.

b. It is not inten’Vod b.V this Ordinance to Interfere with, or abrogate or annul any easements, covenants, or other agreements between parties: nor to interfere with, or abrogate dr annul any ordinances, rules, regulations, or permits previously adopted or Issued, and not in conflict with anv of fhe provisions of this ordinance, or which 'ihall be adopted or issued, ‘ pursuant to law, regarding tho use of buildings or land; provided, however, that where this! ordinance imposes a greater restriction upon the use of buildings or land, or upon the height of buildings, or requires larger open spaces or greater lot area per family, than are required by or imposed bv Such easements, covenants or agreements beIween parties, or by such ordinances, rules, regulations, or sennits, the provisions of (his ordinance shall conti’nl. SECTION 20. AMENDMENTS. ’ The Common Council may. from time to time, amend, supplement or change toe regulations and districts fixed bv this Ordinance In the manner prescribed inj Sections 63 and 64 of Chanter 174 of the Acts of the Indiana General Assembly of

1947.

SECTION 21. DEP’INITIONS. Fot the purpose of this Ordinance, certain terms and words are hereby defined as follows: Words in the present tense include the future and vice versa: words'iii the singular number include toe plural number and vice versa: the word “building” includes Ithe Word “structure” and vice versa: toe word “.shall” is mandatory and not directory. ACCESSORY BUILDING: A subordinate building, or a portion of a main building, the use of which is incidental to that of the main building. ACCESSORY USE: .A use which is incidental to the main use'of the premises. ALLEY: A public thoroughfare, which affords only secondary means of access to abutting pfoperiy, and not over

thirty (30) feet in width. APARTMENT: A building or portion thereof designed for or occupied by mere than two families. See also DWELLING- MULTIPLE. BASEMENT: A story wholly or partly underground, which, unless subdivided into rooms and used for tenant pur« poses, shall not be included as ft story lor the purpose of height measurement. BOARDING HOUSE: A building where meals are regularly served for compensation for three (3) or more persons, but not exceeding twelve (12) persons, not open to transients, In contradistinction to hotels and restaurants open to transients. BLOCK: A portion of a street between two intersecting streets. railroad rights-of-way or natural or artificial barriers. BUILDING- A structure having a roof supported by columns or walls, for the shelter, support, enclosure or protec-

opemngs walls, each portion of such building shall be considered a separate struc-

ture.

BUSINESS: The engaging in the purchase, sale, barter or exchange of goods, wares, merchandise or services, the maintenance or operation of offices, or recreational and amusement enterprises for profit. COMMERCIAL: See Business. DISTRICT: A section of the City of Muncie, for which uniform regulations governing the use, height, area, size, and intensity of use oi» buildings and land, and open spaces about buildings, are herein established. DWELLING: Any building or portion thereof which is designed or used exclusively for residential purposes. DWELLING, DOUBLE: A two-family dwelling designed to house two families living side by side. DWELLING, DUPLEX: A two-family dwelling designed to house two families living one above the other. DWELLING, SINGLE-FAMILY: A detached building designed for or occupied bv one family, exclusively, DWELLING, TWO-FAMILY: A detached building designed for or occupied by two families, living independently. DWELLING, MUTIPLE: See APARTMENT. FAMILY: A group of one of more persons occupying a building and living as a single housekeeping unit, whether or not related to each other by birth or marriage, but no unrelated group shall consist of more than six (6) persons, as distinguished from a group occupying a lodging house or

hotel.

FILLING STATION: Any building, structure, premises or enclosure or other place used for the dispensing, sale ov offering for sale at retail of automobile fuels or oils, except hardware stores, painting and decorating shops, dyeing or cleaning shops, tailor shops, or drug stores, where such fuels o’- oils are not regularly dispensed to automobiles. When the dispensing, sale or offering for sale is incidental to the conduct of a public garage, the premises shall be classified as a public garage. GARAGE, PRIVATE: An accessory building with capacity for not more than three (3) motor vehicles for storage only, not more than one (1) of which mav be a commercial vehicle of not more thap three (3) tons capacity. Provided however that a garage designed to house one (1) motor vehicle for each family housed in an apartment shall be classed as a private garage. , „ ,, GARAGE, PUBLIC: Any building or premises, except those defined herein a s a Private Garage, used for the storage. or care of motor vehicles, or where such vehicles are equipped for operation, repaired, or kept for remuneration, hire or sale. GROUP HOUSE: A group of dwellings constructed in a row. with the dwelling units separated by vertical party walls without openings, provided that group houses shall not provide tor more than six (6) families in one GRADE: a. For buildings having walls adjoining one street only, the elevation of the sidewalk at the center of the wall adtv Fo'r^buildtogs^ having walls adjoining more than one street, the average of the elevation of the sidewalk at the centers of all walls adjoining toe streets, e. For buildings' having no wall adjoining the street, the average level of the ground adjacent to the exterior walls of the building. Any wall approximately narallel to and not more than five (5) feel, from a street line is to be considered as adjoining the street.. , HE’GHT OF BUILDING.: The vertical distance from the grade to the highest point of the building for flat roofs; to the deck iine for mansard roofs; and to the mean height level, between eaves and ridges for gable and hip

roofs.

HOME OCCUPATION: Any occupation carried on bv a member of the family residing on the premises, in connection with which there is used no sign, other than the name-plate, not more than one square foot in area, that will indicate from the exterior that the building is being used in Part for anv other purpose than that oi a dwelling; there is kept no stock in trade; no commodity is sold on the premises: no person Is employed other than a member Of the family residing on the uremises, and no mechanical equipment is used except such as is permissible for purely household or domestic purposes. HOTEL: A building in which board and lodgin” are provided and offered to the public for compensation and which Is open to transient guests, in con* tradistinction to a boarding or lodging house. INSTITUTION: A building occupied by a non-profit corporation or a nonprofit establishment for public use. LODGING HOUSE: A building where lodging only is provided for compensation to three (3) of more, but not exceeding twelve (12) persons, not open to transients, in contradistinction to a hotel which is open to transients. LOT’ A parcel of land occupied or intended for occupancy by a use permitted in this ordinance. Including one (1) main building and its accessory buildings, and the open spaces required by this ordinance, and having its prin-ipal frontage on a street, or an officially designated and approved place. LOT, CORNER: A lot abutting upon two (2) or more streets at their intersectien. LOT DEPTH OF: The mean horizontal distance betw en th: front line and the rear line of the lot. LOT INTERIOR: A lot other than Corner Lot or a Through Lot. LOT, THROUGH: A lot having frontage on two streets at opposite ends of the lot. LOT OF RECORD: A lot which is part of a subdivision, the map of which has been recorded in the office- of the County Recorder of Delaware County, Indiana; or a parcel of land, the deed to which has been recorded in -the office of the Countv Recorder of Delaware County. Indiana, pnof to the passage of this Ordinance. MOTEL: A building or group of buildings, :n which lodging is provided and offered to the public for compensation, and catering primarily to the • public traveling by motor vehicle, NON-CONFORMING USE: A building or premises which does not conform in its use or otherwise with all of the regulations of the district in which such buildings or premises is located. . PARKING LOT: A parcel of land devoted to unenclosed parking space for motor vehicles. PLACE: An open unoccupied space other than o street or alley, permanently reserved for use as the principal means of access to abutting property. PROFESSIONAL OFFICE: When conducted in a residential district a Professional Office shall be incidental to the residential occupancy of the building, shall be conducted entirely within a residential building, and shall

above it, then tha apace between each Hoot and the ceiling next above it shall be the atory. STORY. HALF: That portion «C d building under ft sloping gable, bip ftt gambrel roof, the wall plate* OB ftt least two opposite exrenor WftU* of which are not moi e than three (2) feet above the floor level of auch bftUstory. STRUCTURE: Anything, constructed or erected, the use ef whicn require* more or less permanent location on the ground, or which 's attached to something permanently located on thft ground. STRUCTURAL ALTERATION: Any change In the supporting members or a building, suen as bearing walls or partitions, columns, beams, or gird* ers, of any substantial change fn tho roof or in the exterior walls, TOURIST HOME: A residence in Which lodging for not more than (5) flvo transient guests is provided, which ha* not required structural alterations, and in wnich the residential use haft not been disioutinued. TOURIST LODGE: See MOTEL. YARD, FRONT: An open unoccupied space between the front line of tho building and the front line of the lot. The front line of the building shall be the line of thw main wall nearest to and facing the street, including sunparlors and enclosed porches, and excluding only steps below the first floor level, and extranceways and open unroofed porches and terraces. YARD, REAR: An open space between the rear line of the lot and the rear line of the building, extending the full W’idth of the lot and unoccupied except for authorized accessory buildings. YARDS, SIDE: An open, unoccupied space on the same lot with a building, between the side line of the building and the side line of the lot and extending to a point twenty-five per cent (25%) of the depth of the lot from the rear line of the lot. ZONE: Same as DISTRICT. SECTION 22. ENFORCEMENT. The Building Inspector is hereby designated and authorized to enforce this Ordinance under the rules and regulation* of the Board of Zoning Appeals, SECTION 23. VIOLATION ANO PENALTIES. a. Any person or corporation who shall violate any of the provisions of this ordinance or fail to comply therewith or with any of the requirjments thereof, or wh# shall build, reconstruct or structurally alter any building in violation of any detailed statement oi plan submitted rad ap-

nd

Legal Notice

NOTICE TO BIDDERS

proved th

ereund itioh o

er shall for each

Notice is hereby given that pursuant to Ordinance of the City of Muncie, Indiana, and the appraisement by order of the Delaware Circuit Court of Indiana, on file in the office of the Clerk of the City of Muncie, Indiana. The City of Muncie, Indiana, by it’s Board of Public Works and Safety, will, at the office of the Board of Public Works and Safety, in the City Building, of said City, at 10:30 a.m., on Wednesday, the 17th day of December, 1947, offer for sale, and will sell, to the highest and best bidder therefor, for cash in hand, for' not less than the full appraised value thereof, the following personal property: Three (3)—1942 Chevrolet Coaches. One (1)—1941 Coach Body. One (1)—1942 Chevrolet 2-door Sedan. One (1)—1938 Indian Motorcycle. Sealed bids may be filed with the Clerk of the Board of Public Works and Safety of the City of Muncie, Indiana. The sale of said property is upon condition that the successful bidder or bidders, purchasing said property will be required to remove all property pursuant to this notice, from the premises of the City of Muncie, Indiana, within ten (10) days after the consummation of the sale thereof, or forfeit, without recourse, to said City of Muncie, Indiana, the purchase price paid for said property. W. M. BROCK Clerk of the Board of Public Works and Safety, City of Muncie, Indiana (PD)—Dec. 5-12

to use for political purposes next year. They plan to have this hysteria going at white heat by next spring when they start their campaign in earnest. Every candidate in the Democratic Party who advocates any liberal or progressive policies will be smared as a Communist, an agent of Moscow, a disloyal American who is planning to betray our country into the hands of the Communists. It will be

1936 all over again.

It will be remembered that in 1936 the Republicans tried to win the election by smearing Roosevelt and all his supporters as Communit&ts. About that time Elizabeth Dilling wrote her infamous book “Roosevelt’s Red Record and Its Background.’’ That book termed every American who ever had a liberal or progressive idea a Communist, and advocated a policy not much different from that praticed in Italy and Germany by Mussilini and" Hitler. The Republicans distributed the book by the hundreds of thousands, and virtually adopted it as their platform. Under the influence of Mussolini and Hitler and their stooges in America the anti-Communist spirit was running at high speed and the Republicans thought they could win by the Mussolinl-Hit-ler methods. They failed in 1936, but they, are going to try the same thing again in 1948. Every good American should pray that they meet with like

’•esults this time.

every violation or uoncompliance be guilty of an offense, and upon conviction thereof shall be fined nat less than ten dollars ($10) and not more than three hundred dollars ($300.00) and each day that suoh violation or noncompliance shall be permittel to exist shall constitute a

separate offense.

b. The City Plan Commission, the Board of Zoning Appeals, the Building Inspector, or any designated enforcement official, may Institute a suit for injunction in the Circuit Court of Delaware County, to restrain an individual or a governmental unit, from violating the provisions of this' ordinance. The City Plan Commission OF tho Board of Zoning Appeals may also institute a suit for a mandatory injunction directing an individual, a corporation or a governmental unit to remove ft structure erjeted in violation of the provisions of this ordinance. Any building, erected, raised, converted or land or premises used in violation of any provW sions of this ordinance or the requirement# thereof, is hereby declared to be a common nuisance and as such maj* be abated in such mariner as nuisances are now or may hereafter be abated under existing law. ’ ■ ’ - r vb.•

SECTION 24. VALIDITY.

Should any section or provision of thi* ordinance be declared by a court of com-' petent jurisdiction to be invalid, such; decision shall not affect the validity of| the ordinance as a whole or any partj thereof, other than the part so declared to,

be invalid.

SECTION 25. WHEN EFFECTIVE.

This ordinance shall be in full force and; effect from and after its passage, approval

and publication according' to law.

Passed by the Common CounciJ of th*' City of Muncie. Indiana, this 1st day ot

December, 1947. , ,, , , , j. w. allen. portedly does not have the en President ot the Common Counctt iHnrcpmpnt r*f Onvprnof- Gatps Of the city of Muncie, Indian*. • noi ..emem ot LtO\ erno» t^aies.

Attest: J. KENNETH FOSTER,

City Clqrk. Presented by me to the Mayor of th* City of Muncie, Indiana, for his approval and signature this 3rd day of December,

1947.

J. KENNETH FOSTER,

City Clerk.

Approved and signed by me this 4th

day of December, 1947. JOHN C. HAMPTON, :

Maj'or of the City of Muncie, Indian*. Attest: J. KENNETH FOSTER.

City Clerk. i

IN WITNESS WHEREOF I have hereunto set my hand and affixed the seal of the City of Muncie, Indiana, this 8th

day of December, 1947.

) J. KENNETH FOSTER, City Clerk and Clerk of th^ Common

Council of the City of “

Indiana.

Munci*,

yers, artists, authors, musicians and other professional occupations occasionallv conducted within residences. STREET: A public thoroughfare thirty (3‘T) I'ee-t ih width or more, between property lines, which affords principal nuans or access to abutting prop-

erty.

STREET LINE: The dividing line be-

tween the street and the lot, otherwise designated as the property line.

STORY: That portion of a building,

included between the surface of any floor and the surface of the floor ^ nest above it. If there -is no floor ' _**-:•%_

PAULEY TESTIFIES

Washington.—Oilman Edwin WPauley -etHmed to the familial surroundings of Caiijtoi Hill today to explain—but not apologize ’or—his '■peculation in the com-

modity market.

The California millionaire, who ’ost his fight before, a congressional committee last year for confirmation as undersecretary of Navy, was summoned this time before the Senate Appropriations Committee, The Senate group wanted to know whether Pauley, now snecial assistant to the Secretary of -army, has Deep, “gambling” in grain and other com-

modities.

URGES BIPTU CONTROL Oklahoma City. — CdhM’ql,

the birth rate is more important ; gation, which may end up in the than control of the atomic bomb, person being called to Washinga University of Indiana Medical < ‘' on a f lc ^ smeared as a disloyal

American. Believe it or pot,

professor said here last night. Dr. -C. O. McCormick, profes”9r of obstretrics, told a University of Oklahoma gathering that ovei - imputation was the basic cause of

war.

If the problems of poverty and jwar are to be solved, he said, “we will have to decrease births faster han we decrease deaths.” “Over-population produces want; want produces despotism, and despotism produces war,” he de-

clared

PARAGON BANK ROBBED Paragon, Ind.—An unmasked bandit held up the Paragon branch of tlfe Indiana Bank mid Trust Co. today and escaped with an estinfated SULOGO ivoin a woman cashier v/ho had been robbed twice before in the same bank. Then he .lumped into a maroon late-model aufomobjic ant} k ped away with an accomplice at the

wheel

The often robbed bank employe

KUHNER PACKING

(Continued From Pasie One)

company starting May 1, 1950, will pay $50,000 a year, or 15% of its net earnings, whichever is greater, into the sinking fund for

redemption of the bonds. In Business Since 1901

The Kuliner Packing Co. has

been in the retail and wholesale The fact that President Truman meat business in Muncie since has issued his loyalty order and 1901. In 1932 the company bought maugurated a foreign policy to the Fred Eckart packing plant at restrain Communism in Europe Ft. Wayne. It purchased the will not change the picture in Marhoefer Packing Co., Chicago, the least. Despite these demonin 1945; the Ballard Packing Co., Crated anti-Commumstic trends Marion, Ind., and the Frank & in Mr. Truman’s domestic and Co., Milwaukee, Wis., in 1946. It 'oreign policy his opponents will produces fresh and cooked meats still dubb him and his suppor-

and lard, the bulk being sold in ers as Communsts.

the areas near the four packing For more than a year the Reand processing plants. publiQ^ps have been planning

o their 1948 strategy on that line,

and they are determined to go

JtiNJNEK through with it regardless of all (Continued From Page One) anti-Commimistic policies Of home is in any way connected the Democratic Party. The lack with the poliUcal situation. an authentic and accepted defVeteran member of the State ^tion of what makes one a Legislature when he went into Communist will afford much Oomthe Army in 1942, Mr. Jenner ?& and courage to the Repubnow only thirty-nine years old ^cans duimg the campaign in was first elected to the United That is why it behooves States Senate in November, 1944 the Democrats to see that son^ to fill out the unexpired term and comprehensive definof the late Senator Frederick ltlo n ** found tor the terms CornVan Nuys, but that ran only un- mumsm and Communist which til Jan. 3, 1945, so that he had ! will make a clear distinction behad only a couple of months of Jw een a liberal and progressive service in Congress before his (P emocl ’ at and a C o m ^ umst - , The election for a full term last fall terms as now used by reaction. He is a former state chairman a 7 newspapers radio commenwho served from February, 1945 . tators and politicians do not to March. 1946. He is strong or- ™ ake a £y distinction between a ganizationally although he re - 'iheral Democrat and a Commu-

1 mst. That is the way the reactionaries want it. That is the method by which they plan tc win the election next year. They will try to make the American people believe that the electing of a Republican President and a Republican Coneress is the only means by which America and the world can be saved from Communistic domination. Of course, there will not be ope word of truth in the argument, but that will not prevent the reactionaries from emphasizing it. If the liberals, who four times elevated Franklin D. Roosevelt to the presidency of the United States, would win the election in 1948 they must find some criterion which will prevent the reactionaries from classing them with the Communists. That can be done best by the formulation of some clear and comprehensive definition of what makes one a Communist. Such a definition would save many innocent persons from being drawn into some Communist qlique, and save othpr innocent pei;gons from being smeared as Communists. One of the greatest nged^ of the American people at this time is some criterion which will enable them to knp.w who is and who is not a Communist, who is and who is not a Fascist. For if we would save democracy and preserve our American way of life we must steer clear of both of these foreign isms and, continue to progress by democratic means and methods. What we need is more democracy and less totalitarianism from both the Right

and tl^e Left.

Certainly every loyal American wants to oppose Communism in

To date, Senator Jenner has been silent when questioned about the di'aft movement. This has been variously interpreted. Some say he does not wish to : risk defeat. Others hold that he wants to keep his name out o* the picture as long as possible in order not to become the target of snipers—New York Times.

AMERICA

(Continued From Page One)

be very simple, but we are told that it is not so simple as that, since many who follow the Communist teaching do not have the honesty nor : the courage to join the Party. That' complicates matters and leaves everyone free to decide in his own mind who is and who is not a Communist. Consequently, the reactionaries have adopted the course of dubbing as Communist every person, who advocated any liberal or progressive legislation or social reform. ) If a person advocates a rapial equality, as set forth in our Declaration of Independencs, or a national health program, or a national housing program, a TVA or or a MV A, or opposes universal military training, or a score of other social or economic reform^, some Rankin or Bilbo will get up on the floor of Congress and call him a Communist, j and the FBI and Uie Thomas of ! Committee will start an investi-

Tliat is only one of the many examples of the great confusion which exist in American think-

Lula KnoV,"* i'ssSSut | ^ due to , a lack

in and comprehensive definition ot

or not, a

conservative like Senator Taft lu VPPUse communism in (R^Oh^ has been accused of Ame * ca ’ bl,t how can the y °Pmaking common cause with the Pose it successfully if th-y do Communist on at least ’ two ^ kqpw what it is and who counts, i. e., in advocating the are ^ sponsors? Recently a Taft-Wagner - Ellender Housing S S ^% K S ^ 1Gat€ a Wa * bill, and in opposing universal j L’},. 3 dls j; llct c ° ul * military training. On March 27 sol ^ otie 1 a yomminis? TmTts last a spokesman for the Nation- " 1 ' a Lommunist in its al Association of Real Estate dlstnc t court disBoards while testifying under th t cause for actioiv^had oath before the Senate banking , a „ • act ;, on hdd committee denounced the Taft- a™* 1 Wagner-Ellender bill as Commu- Communism h acI no definite

nist. James F. O'Neill national r T ,

commander ol the American be- p m ,^ A<• h! e A,, „ 0 !j Cir 1 c - UI r l, gion informed the San Francisco , h eh reversed the rulnv convention of the AFL that Taft a /- d was “making common cause with. vjhLlinn^ ncr 119 ^ ir^ A the Communists in opposing uni- 5 . se (ot itself) tc vcrsal military training.”' Now ^ a man of corporation that Taft has announced that, he Communists or win oddosc the Marshall n io n communistic sympathizers . .. . we‘may expect others* to accuse i £ he th !f ^ f. ^ njnU1 ^ . toda >' him of making common eftuse tlr i 10 many a\eiage

with the Com,nun las t in

cashier. It was the third time 20 years the bank had been robbed and the third time Mrs. Knoy had looked into the business end

of a holdup man’s gun.

Ijm becoming experienced,’’

die S"-rid.

ANGLER’S HAUL MIXED Ul* Indianapolifi—Leonard Brammer Wept fishing for bass at night. He caught a 15-inch one .and then landed another catch—a hoot owl with a wing spread of

.^nearly 45 inches.

wfiat constitutes a Communist, It is to the advantage of the reactionaries to have the confusion continued. It enables them

accused beyond the u pale of respectability and marks him a symbol of public hutered, con-

trary to the statutes.”

The arguments in the case before the court definitely established the fact that in America there is no official or authentic meaning of the terms “Commu-

i nism” and

to place all liberals and progres-I Communist. Obives in the same class as the! 7 ? ^ tau? situation is causing Communists and to fight liberals U \, thc • mi ? 1 ds

and progressives under the pretense of fighting CommunistsIt is well known that that is thc method by which the Republicans hope to win the election in 1948. They are now working up a Red hysteria which they hope

of the public as well as in the courts of thc land, This could be remedied by having some Official and authentic definition oi

the terms.

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