Muncie Post-Democrat, Muncie, Delaware County, 29 December 1944 — Page 3

POST-DEMOCRAT, FRIDAY, DECEMBER 29, 1941.

-WEEKLY NEWS ANALYSIS-

Yanks Counter Big Nazi Drive; U.S. Landing Menaces Manila; Crop Production Near Record

.Released by Western Newspaper Union..

POSTWAR JOBS: Neiv Proposal

(EDITOR’S NOTE: When opinions are expressed in these columns, they are those ol Western Newspaper Union’s news analysts an<r not necessarily of this

newspaper.)

* Map indicates route of U. S. invasion force from Leyte to Mindoro in ^Philippines, with stars denoting areas where guerrilla activity helped heutralize Japanese on neighboring islands.

CROPS:

J19 / / Summary pfespite the fact that growing conIdStibns were less favorable than in there were fewer skilled linen on farms, 1944 crop production about equalled the record output of l^o years ago, the U. S. department of agriculture declared in its annual

Wm|roary.

I; Production of grain, fruits, nuts ’and commercial vegetables were at ihigh levels, with output of com at 3.228.361.000 bushels and of wheat at 1.078.647.000 bushels setting all-time marks, the USDA said. Paying tribute to the valiant effort of U. S. farmers, the USDA said: “. . . . Farmers planted only when they could and they kept on planting past the normal season as long as there seemed half a chance

of success.”

PACIFIC: New Move While the Japanese press stated that the victor in the battle of newly invaded Mindoro island in the Philippines ‘‘will assume full control of tomorrow’s military situation,” U. S. forces which landed there after a 600-mile overwater thrust from Leyte under Rear Adm. A. D. Struble fought to secure airfields commanding the great enemy communication hub of Manila, 155 miles away. As the doughboys punched inland on Mindoro, with engineers right on

X Vice Admiral Kinkaid (right) with Mindoro invasion commander Rear Admiral Struble. their heels to erect military installations, other U. S. forces on Leyte continued their pressure from both the north and south on Japanese forces entrapped in the western corner of the island. I The move on Mindoro was another of General MacArthur’s daring military maneuvers, designed to not only paralyze Japanese troop end supply shipments to the southern Philippine islands from Manila, but also imperil the enemy’s China eea route from the rich Dutch Indies to the southwest. SAYINGS: / ostwar Bulwark Although the shortage of goods has helped to curb wartime spending, much of the huge volume of pavings of individuals can be attributed to their desire to provide iorarance against a postwar business slump, the U. S treasury declared. Prom the beginning of 1940 on trough the 5th war loan drive, it v/as revealed, individuals had saved $100,000,000,000, of which $37,000,000,C00 was invested in private securities and an equal amount in federal issues. The remaining $34,000,000,000 was placed in bank acecunts. At the same time, the treasury reported that of the total sales of I!, F and G bonds, only 11.87 per cent have been cashed in, although redemptions on the smaller issues have been slightly larger at 15.12 per cent. Germany’s War Sinews German steel plants, largest producers in Europe before the war and second only to the United States in world production, have been the backbone of Germany’s war machine in both World Wars. Before 1871 the German steel industry was growing relatively slowly compared with France and England. After Prussia defeated France jn that year, however, and acquired Alsace-Lorraine with its extensive iron ore deposits, German steelmaking began to expand.

WESTERN FRONT: Nazi Blow Once again, the vaunted German wehrmacht started to roll over the invasion pathway to France, with Junker Field Marshal von Rundstedt throwing in masses of tanks, foot soldiers and artillery in a supreme bid to hurl the Allies back. Although von Rundstedt’s initial attack launched in the haze of a Saturday morning caught the U. S. First army off-guard and rolled 22 miles into Belgium, it was apparent that the Germans would have none of the easy sailing they enjoyed in their sweep into Paris in 1940. Recovering from the shock of the enemy attack, launched after a brief but furious artillery bombardment and supported by scores of battle planes, valiant Doughboys fought back viciously, giving ground only where the strategy called for it, and then felling trees and planting explosive mines in the Nazis’ path. Seriousness of the German attack can best be gleaned from the importance the enemy themselves attached to it. Addressing his troops, von Rundstedt declared: “. . . our hour has struck. . . . Bear in yourselves a holy duty to give everything and achieve the superhuman for our fatherland and fuehrer. ...” As the battle developed along an expanding front, scores of U. S. and British fighters and fighter-bombers roared into the fray, smashing at advancing German spearheads and shooting up long supply columns. Although the enemy threw hundreds of his own fighters into action, he seemed to be depending more upon the new V weapons for bombardment of Allied rearward positions. The German attack came after steady U. S. drives hammered deep inside the Siegfried line and brought the Ninth and First armies onto the edge of the vital Cologne plain, leading to the Rhineland industrial district, all-important center of enemy’s war production machine. By attacking westward, Von Rundstedt sought to prevent a decisive clash on the plain, where a break - through would leave a wide-open route beyond to Ber-

lin.

Polish Settlement Speaking with his characteristic bluntness, Britain’s bull-doggish Prime Minister Winston Churchill declared in the house of commons that his country backed up Russia’s territorial claims on western Poland and that the latter would be compensated in return by annexation of east Prussia and a slice of eastern Germany. Churchill’s statement of Britain’s position raised a flurry both abroad and in this country, with British Laborite Ivor Thomas’ denunciation typical of the opposition. Said he: “ ... . It is melancholy to think that, after five years of fighting, which we entered to defend the independence of Poland, we should be debating whether Poland should be a state at all. . . . The seeds of future war certainly are in that speech.” In discussing the unsettled European political scene, marked by the Polish situation, unrest in Belgium and civil warfare in Greece, Churchill called for an early meeting of the ‘‘Big Three” to reach an agreement upon the restoration of order on the continent and prevention of bloody internal conflict. GRADE FATALITIES Fatalities resulting from highwayrailroad grade-crossing accidents in the first 10 months of 1944 totaled 1,392, an increase of 60 comparedwith the corresponding period in 1943. In the first ten months of this year, 3,148 persons were injured in such accidents compared with 3,213 in the same period of 1943. There were 156 fatalities resulting from highway-railroad grade-cross-ing accidents in the month of October alone. Persons injured in such accidents totaled 405.

In congress’ first detailed approach to the task of providing 60,000,000 jobs in the postwar era, a senate committee presented a proposal for a presidential estimate of probable private employment through a year and a federal program to take up any slack. With Committee Chairman Murray (Mont.) stating that the proposal may be introduced as a bilj in the next congress, it requires the President to estimate full employment, the amount of investment and expenditures needed to achieve the goal, and the probable outlays by private capital. In the event that the latter wns insufficient to provide full employment, the government would attempt to -stimulate private investment, or spend money itself. Said the committee: “Unless an economic substitute is found for war contracts . * . the number of unemployed men and women in. this country could easily surpass anything that was dreamed of during the last depression.” SOCIAL SECURITY: Freeze Taxes For the third successive year, congress passed, and the President signed, a bill freezing social security’ taxes at the present rate of 1 per cent on both employer and employee, thus holding off an increase to 2 per cent scheduled for January 1. Again leading the fight for the freeze, Michigan’s Sen. Arthur Vandenberg declared that the present 1 per cent tax would be sufficient to pay benefits at the current rates for the next 20 years. In signing the bill, however, President Roosevelt challenged Senator Vandenberg’s assertion, declaring that the freeze merely defers collections for another year, and that the country was committed to a broadening, rather than a stable, social security program.

Repairs Heart

Dr. Welch

To a field hospital back of the Siegfried line, they brought in an

infantry captain hit in the back by shell fragments. Holes were torn in the heart muscles and the organ was hanging from the conical sac of serous membrane enclosing it. The heart lining also had been grazed by the shrapnel and a lung

perforated.

Using all of the ingenuity of modern surgery, Lieut. Col. Stuart Welch of Albany, N. Y., removed the shell splinters, and then sewed up the heart and its lining. For 90 minutes while Dr. Welch worked, the heart was exposed. Following the operation the wounded officer showed almost immediate recovery. JAP RELOCATION: Back to Coast Amid rumblings of disapproval, the army announced that loyal persons of Japanese ancestry will be permitted to return to the west coast after the first of the year because the military situation no longer made an enemy invasion of the area a substantial possibility. While asking local law enforcement bodies to develop uniform plans for the prevention of disturbances, California’s Gov. Earl Warren, seeking to head off a storm of protest, called upon the people to “ . . . join in protecting constitutional rights of individuals involved and . . . maintain an attitude that will discourage friction.” Of the 115,000 persons of Japanese ancestry originally evacuated from the west Coast, only about 80,000 remain in relocation centers, of which 18,700 of doubtful loyalty are at Tule Lake. About 32,000 other evacuees have moved into other states, where they are expected to

remain.

FARM BUREAU: Buck Trade Barriers Declaring that a lasting peace greatly depended upon a.prosperous world economy based upon a free exchange of goods, the Farm Bureau federation called for the removal of trade barriers at its 26th annual convention in Chicago. At the same time, the meeting demanded that the U. S. accept its share of the responsibility in establishing a -world organization for peace with military force. Other resolutions adopted by the delegates asked for a national tax program to stimulate investment; continuation of price ceilings on agricultural and other products when practical, and further extension of -rural electrification when means are available.

Final tabulations of the election showed Mr. Roosevelt’s majority to be 3,592,769. „ - . ..*•**. When a chicken"hawk swooped down on the barnyard of ,S. C. Anderson near Elberton, Ga., and attempted to seize a hen that was feeding, a hog came to the rescue and killed toe marauder.

WAVES Solve Jig-Saw Puzzle to Aid Navy's Fighting Men

OFFICIAL U. S. NAVY PHOTOGRAPH These WAVES are working on a jig-saw puzzle — the most important jig-saw puzzle imaginable. On duty at the Navy Hydrographic Office, they are helping construct a chart by use of aerial photographs. In its finished form the chart will guide the Navy’s fighting men in operations in the Pacific zone. In existence two years, there’s still«a need in the WAVES for thousands of patriotic young women y 20 to 36, without children under 18*— whose starting pay, counting food and quarters, will be $141.50 a month, plus many

INTERESTING (Continued from Page One) took over as Moss’ successor, if he did know all the answers. Moss replied: “They had a different system for a different purpose.” and then added, “some new things have probably come up since I left there in August.” * * * Committee counsel proceeded slowly in developing the picture of what happened on election day, and prior thereto, in Marion county. Moss stated his first duty, after the primary election, had been to take from the precinct binders information concerning the political faith expressed by every voter as he asked for a party barlot in the primary, and transfer that information to the registration records master files. * * * . Moss admitted that several mandates of the state laws had not been followed, even by him, and explained that “there was neither sufficient time nor help available to do all the things the law required.” * * * Republican politicos cocked their ears and lifted their brows when Senator Tom Stewart asked pointed questions concerning the ratio of Democratic names, compared to Republican names, taken from the files in the purge, and said in and aside, “We propose to check all of these records as best we cap, before closing this case.” * * Mrs. Elizabeth Cunningham, well known Republican party worker, and a deputy in the registration office, seemed not one bit disturbed when committee counsel asked her to identify her name appearing as a signature on three registration receipts ’which testimony previously had identified. “It looks rather familiar, but I couldn’t be positive,” she said. * * * Told that previous testimony had brought out the fact that the three receipts shown her were given to voters who had been registered in their own homes by Republican precinct workers—after the last legal date for accepting registrations—she again admitted that the signature looked similar to her own, but said that she had not at any time signed any cards to be delivered outside the clerk’s office and had signed none after expiration of the registration period. * * # She said she had been quite busy in her own work and did Tiot kno%v all that had transpired in the office. Courteous counsel

i made no effort to impeach her testimony. * * Franklin P. Spangler, 84, 733 N. East street, was the first witness to testify. He told of being denied the right to vote, even though he produced his receipt of registration, and said when he went to the court house to try to get a certificate of error, the crowd was so large he did not remain as many told him they had been waiting for hours. He told of Republicans in his immediate neighborhood being permitted to vote by affidavit, while he was denied that right. ❖ ❖ Solomon B. Prather, 966 N. Gray street, a Democrat poll taker, told of numerous cases of disfranchisement of Democrats in his neighborhood, and of Republicans being registered in their homes in violation of the law. Prather proved to be an able and informed witness. ;}: * * Miss Nellie Shepherd, a^deputy in the office of Sherwood Blue, naively told of illegal and unethical work of altering registration records—in which she participated— after regular hours in her own office. Her employer, the prosecutor, looked on with an expression of great interest when she said, “No one else has said this, so I am going to.” Then she told how many girls had been working day after day from early morning until midnight, ^until they were ^ready to drop,” in the work of “correcting the great mass of mistakes found in the registration records.” Her employer seemed quite relieved when she halted her statement. Then she added that it was because of this that she had volunteered to aid in the work—“I felt sorry for those girls.” But when she went on to explain that she had not done any work on the cards, “because I was not an official deputy—I just signed up a lot of the certificates of error.” The Republican legal staff again became deeply interested, and likewise committee counsel and investigators smiled knowingly. Asked by Senator Stewart why she was signing a lot of certificates of error and if she signed them before election day, she replied that it was because so -many mistakes had been found in the registration records and that the certificates were made up to correct the errors. She stated she had' signed over 2,000 on Saturday and Sunday before .the .election at her desk in the complaint department of the prosecutor’s office. Senator Stewart then disarmed

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her with a friendly question: “Did you receive any complaints about the election there?” “No, those complaints would not come to our office,” she explained. Then recalling hastily, she said, “Oh, yes, there was one. On election day orfe of the girls who works in our office came in crying. I asked her what was wrong and she said: ‘They wouldn’t let me vote. My name was not on the list.’ So I took her downstairs and got her fixed up with a certificate of error in about five minutes,” Miss Shepherd said.

* *

“You had better luck getting a certificate of error than lots of others who were down there trying, didn’t you?” Senator Stewart asked with a broad grin. “How did you do it?” he further inquired. “Well, I knew how,” she replied quite proudly. * * * Republican attorneys got their heads together in a hurry as Miss Shepherd was dismissed from the witness chair. * * * Committee counsel, who had been methodically leading up to a portrayal of the fact that Republicans “in on the know” could get certificates of error easily, seemed pleased with Miss Shepherd’s statements. They appeared especially pleased with her admission that she, alone, had prepared about 2,O0(? certificates of error on Saturday and Sunday before the election. * * * Democratic witnesses had testk fied that Democrats, turned away from the voting precincts to go tu the court house to get certificates of error, seldom succeeded in oL taining them, while known Republicans—some of whom the Democrats declared were not registered — obtained certificates of error from some one “within thp shadow of the voting booth.” * * * Republican election officials had declared that certificates of error were prepared and issued only at the court house and only when the voters appeared in person and' were found to be actual registered voters whose names were omitted from the precinct records “thru inadvertaut error.”, * * * Senator Tom Stewart’s pointed reference to Attorney General James A. Emmert, caused mild consternation in the hearing. Stewart, questioning Ernest Frick, attorney and Democratic member of the county election board, asked: “What kind of an officious ass is this man who seems to jump in everywhere? It .looks to me,” said Stewart, “as though this attorney general jumps in where angels fear to tread,.” Republican attorney Seth Ward, rushed to consult an unabridged dictionary, at the noon recess, and came back with various definitions of the Stewart reference. He tried to get a wager from Joe- Daniels and ^George Jeffrey, and failing, said:* “I looked it up. If he meant efficacious, he said Emmert was a competent ass, but if he meant officious he said Emmert was a meddlesome ass. 1 want to know how the Senator spells it.” * * * One reporter quoted Senator Stewart as saying “vicious ass,” but the record shows he used the word “officious.” * * * Martha E. McIntyre, 4317 E. Washington street, a witness who identified herself as a Democratic worker in the Eighteenth precinct of the Ninth ward on election day, described her difficulty in voting. * * * She said she attempted to vote about 9:30 a.m. but was challenged when her name did not appear in the precinct election binder. She then went to the court house, she testified, in an effort to obtain a ‘certificate of error,” but said she failed “because she couldn’t get in the registration office for the crowd.” * * * She later returned to her precinct, she added, then decided to check with a precinct in which she formerly lived, to determine whether her registration transfer might not have been completed. * * * in the meantime, she said, acting on the advice of another woman, she obtained a “Dewey for President” button, and after learning her name was not on the records in her former precinct, was “approached by two men, wearing workers’ badges,” who told her to go to the court house for a “cer-

tificate of error.” * * * “Do you know where to go?” she said one of the men asked. “Why, yes, to Room 35,” she said she answered. (Room 35 in the court house was the registration office). * * * She said the man told her: “No, go to the sheriff's office, you can get taken care of quicker.” She said she went to the sheriff’s -office and obtained a “certificate of error” without difficulty and voted at 7:55 p. m. INSTITUTIONS TO BE STUDIED

Legislators In State Will Turn Attention To Needed Reforms Indianapolis. — Indiana’s penal and benevolent institutions and their employes are destined to receive prompt attention, both immediately and in the postwar per-

iod.

Aid to the workers and improvement of the physical facilities of the institutions were favored unanimously in a United Press sampling of opinion among legislators who convene for their 1945 biennial session- as the Indiana General Assembly, Jan. 4. That the subject of institutions, which brought many expressions and promises .from Indiana candidates of both political parties during the recent election campaign, occupies a prominent spot in the minds of legislators, was attested to by the interest shown in the survey. The majority of legislators, both Republican and Democratic, favor higher wage levels and an employes’ retirement or pension plan for the immediate future, while virtually all of them endorse an expansion and improvement program for institutional buildings as soon as possible after the war. Some legislators eyed the $43,000,000 state general fund surplus as a principal means of financing such a program—in fact, some believed that part of the surplus could be spent on institutional aid before any other use of the money was considered. Many legislators listed state institutions among the subjects they considered the most important facing the New Assembly, but none expect to introduce legislation in support of their interest in the subject. In addition to expanding present facilities, some legislators cited the need for establishing at least two new institutions— a Northern Indiana children’s hospital and a New Central mental hospital. “Wages will have to be raised and very likely some kind of a pension fund set up,” a Republican Senator said. “After the war, many institutions will have to be enlarged.” “Raise salaries at once to insure better and more help,” A G.O.P. representative said. “Wage adjustments now and some new equipment -when building is again permitted,” another Republican Senator urged. A G.O.P. representative commented: “Qualified personnel should be placed in all state institutions, and, after the war, sanitary and modern improvements should be made to buildings and equipment.’ Elimination of crowded conditions, a retirement or pension plan for employes, the use of Indiana unemployed to improve instutional facilities, and the need for immediate planning for a postwar improvement agenda-was expressed over again by the legislators. One -Democratic Representative, in a more emphatic and more strongly worded reply than the others, said: “Employes should be paid for their work and raised from the category of slave.” ———-—o Allen Co. Cleared of Election Fraud Fort Wayne, I n d. — Allen county apparently was clear today of connection with election irregularities as the testimony offered by Eugene Martin, Democratic County Chairman, did not impress the Senatorial investigating committee very much, according to U. 'S. Sen. Joseph H. Ball, member of the committee. Sen. Ball wrote Mrs. Dorothy Gardner, county clerk, “My own feeling is that you are exaggerating the importance of Mr. Martin’s testimony. I do not recall that he said anything very damaging, and I certainly took into consideration, on the one charge he did make, that he was the Democratic county chairman.” Mrs. Gardner had written a letter of protest to the Senator when Martin said she was unfair in election dealings. ‘Tt was my understanding that 'Mr. Martin came to Indianapolis of his own accord, and I don’t think the committee was very much impressed by his testimony,” Ball wrote Lloyd S. Hartzler, President of the Allen county election board. ———-o CHOCK FULL OF LUCK Kaiikakee, 111,—Lt. Col. Minor E. White, who is on the staff of Gorgas Army Hospital in the Panama Canal Zone, recently home on r leave, said he found a man with a million-dollar industry in the Canal Zone. Col. White said this man raises nothing but four-leaf clovers, and practically all of them are shipped to the United States. -o Buy War Bonds

Plenty Clothing For Fifth Army Washington—S o 1 d i e r s of the American 5th Army, spending their second season in Italy, are meeting the wintry blasts of the Appenines with no less than four layers of clothing topped with a brand-new three-piece suit especially designed by the Army Quartermaster Corps. They have a complete all-weath-er outfit—“a new, green, winter uniform, scientifically designed and field tested, windproof and water repellent from hood to boots.” The first year in Italy winter equipment wasn’t rugged enough to protect soldiers from snow, rain, mud and cold. Now, experiments carried out in the Aleutians, Nova Scotia and Hudson Bay areas have developed arctic clothing that can take it in Italy’s worst weather. Lots Underneath Besides this durable exterior clothing, the soldier can pile it on underneath. Under his outer jacket comes the regulation brown-, wool field jacket for both officers and enlisted men; next, the standard OD wool shirt; then the new ' brown, mediumweight sweater, and beneath, an undershirt. The new shining sateen “water repellent” suit isn’t ‘water proof” the quartermaster corps is quick tp inform the wearer. Waterproof articles like the heavy GI raincoat may keep off the water on the outside but perspiration condenses on the inside of the raincoats and Gls are soaked after a long march. OK in Light Rains Experiments show that the new field jacket, trousers and hood shed water in light rains, while letting perspiration evaporate from the body. Better not wo»k up any unnecessary perspirat ion, the Army warns: “to stay warm, don’t get hot.” A regular training course in how to wear new duds is given away free with each issue of clothing. Gls eagerly pick up tips about combating Italy’s chilly clime, “especially new divisions, such as the S5th, 88th and 91st, facing theirfirst winter in Italy.” Lectures include principles of insulation, importance of looseness of apparel and of keeping dry, and the value of cleanliness! The quartermaster corps Is trying to civilize the GI for his own good, even under the roughest conditions. Health a Keynote “He likes to boast of how long he has gone without taking off his shoes; It may impress his buddy, but he is a leading prospect for trenchfoot and the hospital.” Health and comfort are the keynote of the new clothing issue. The “shoepac,” constructed on the principle of Alaskan trappers’ footgear, is a high boot with a leather top stiched onto a heavyrubber, waterproof shoe, with a rubber heel-lug for snow-shoe straps. Worn with two pairs of wool ski socks underneath, it is built to protect soldiers from trench foot when they fight for days in wet foxholes. If the GI is really cold, he can roll up iu a sleeping bag, one of the new “mumnvy-shaped“ down feather beds,” guaranteed to enable the soldier to sleep comfortably in any temperature Europe can offer.’’ o— WILL TEST (Continued From Page One) tions would possibly be most unpleasant. But, as Dienhart has stated, now is a good time to determine just what rights the veterans of World War II may expect to have protected under provisions of the federal law. AVERY (Continued From Page One) UAW - CIO Secretary - Treasurer, wired President Roosevelt asking for “goverment seizure” of the Detroit plants. Walter Reuther, UAW-CIO VicePresident, described the battle of the Montgomery Ward workers against Avery’s tyranny, as the “fight of every trade unionist and every American who believes in fair play.” UAW-CIO International Execu tive Board members are actively supporting the anti-Avery forces. Richard T. Leonard, Ford Director, and Percy Llewellyn, Director of Region IA, joined the pickets in front of the Detroit stores. Wire to President In his telegram to the President, Addes said the “’Conduct of Sewell Avery and iMontgomery Ward constitutes open defiance not only of War Labor Board and Supreme Court of the United States but of the whole government of this country and must he unqualifiedly condemned hy every true American.” The telegram continued: “The present situation causing great unrest among the workers and constitutes a grave threat to war production. “We urge you to meet this contemptuous Fascist challenge to our country by ordering government seizure of Montgomery Ward establishments and effectuation of decision of War Labor Board. Such action will terminate strikes and re-inspire workers to continue in their determination to carry out the no-strike pledge.” After ‘government seizure . of the Chicago Ward's plants, the United Retail, Wholesale and Department Store Employes won a National Labor ’Relations Board election, hut Avery is still trying to balk union activity in those plants 'and is still dodging signing a contract, using every • trick in_ the anti-labor book to prevent his employes' from enjoying their constitutional rights. —United Auto ■Worker — o BUY WAR BONDS