Muncie Post-Democrat, Muncie, Delaware County, 15 February 1924 — Page 3

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FRIDAY, FEBRUARY 15, 1924.

THE MUNCIE POST-DEMOCRAT

U. S. Suit Against Chemical Foundation Dismissed by Judge Morris.

CONSPIRACY CHARGE FAILS

Conduct of Chemical Foundation Praised in Use of Former German Patents for Benefit of American People.

Wilmington, Del.—In a sixty-two page decision which swept away every one of the Government's major contentions as being v/ithout basis in fact or law. Federal Judge Hugh M. Morris dismissed its suit to set aside the sale of seized chemical and dye patents by the Alien Property Custodian to the Chemical Foundation, Inc. The decision rebuked the Government for including in the bill of complaint a series of conspiracy charges unsupported by evidence at the trial and refuted by the defense as well as by documents filed by the Govern-

'rfient.

In declining to compel the Foundation to restore the disputed patents, numbering some 4,700 and bought for 1271,000, from the Government, Judge Morris held there was no evidence bearing out allegation of a conspiracy by American manufacturers to effect a monopoly through the Foundation. The court ruled that there was no evidence of fraud or deceit practiced on President Wilson, Mr. Polk, Under Secretary of State; Attorney General Palmer and other high officials of that

Administration.

Garvan’s Course Upheld

The opinion praised Francis P. Garvan, president of the Foundation, and its trustees, as having met the most severe of tests in their conduct of the Foundation—“the test of actual tr.al.” They were declared by the court to afford, through their high integrity and unquestioned patriotism, a thorough assurance of loyalty to their rust, “it- has kept the faith," said ‘He court of the Foundation's work, judge Morris found without merit e Government’s contention that the iminal laws were violated in that tr Garvan, as Alien Property Gustouian and thereby a public trustee, sold to himself as president of the Foundation the patents in question. He had acl-At? by direction o£ Prgsi-

quires the President to consider the 'public interest. Pub Mg'interest is not ! <a synonym for money.” In this, relation Judge Morris quot* ,ed from President Goolidge’s message to Congress on the Muscle Shoals problem, that ‘‘while the price is an ■important element, there is another iConsideration even more compelling. ,* * * If this main object (low-priced pitrates for farmers in peace and the I Government in war) is accomplished, £he amount of money received for the j property is not a primary or major I consideration.” Referring to German-owned properi Jy, the court said: I ‘‘Much of this property was not innocently held or held solely for trade and commerce. Information ac- ! quired by German-owned companies | hafi been transmitted to Berlin, and there indexed and made available to I German competitors and the German jGovernment. The files of one com- , pany were filled not with business papers, but with pan-German literature. It was a distribution centre for propaganda in this country.” Upholds Confiscation of Patents j Judge Morris pointed out that when America entered the war she adhered to the international convention forbidding poison gas, “but it soon became apparent that America would be fighting on disastrously unequal terms unless she should make use of all the dread weapons being used against her by the foe. When Germany persisted in her attempts to destroy her opponents with poison gas in contravention of all international agreements, she made it manifest that America’s future safety lay in America’s chemical independence. The amendment to the act was passed in the darkest days of the war (allowing the sale of seized properties). It was thought Paris was about to fall and the Channel ports be taken.” These were the circumstances, said the opinion, “which impelled Congress to grant the President the broad powers of almost absolute ownership It was the intent of Congress to subordinate mere property rights to the welfare of the na

feion.”

Of the value of the patents sold Judge Morris held, in accordance with the tes-imony that while Dr Carl Holderman. a German, asserted the Haber patents were worth $17,000 0(H) to the Germans, “the evidence is over whelming that they were and arp without substantial affirmative value to American citizens Rad these pat ents been sold to Americans at public rathei than private sale and only the net proceeds paid to their former enemy owners these -owners would have suffered an almost total loss in the value of their property ” Praises Work of Foundation As to allegations that the sale was not to obtain a fair value, but to promote the in' rests of the chemical an I

COLONY Or WHITES" FOUND IN JUNGLE

Explorer Describes Trip Into Ecuador and Peru.

and~ his acTsr supervised industries‘and that the trail's a c- them.

New York.—Indian women who stain their cheeks, noses and teeth in a checkerboard pattern and Indian men who believe the dreams that come to them while they are under the influence of a certain drug portray their success or failure in battle have been the subjects of investigation by Carl Lester Liddle, twenty-six, probably one of the youngest official explorers in South America. He recently arrived in New York and is here to catalogue his investigations. For nearly three months Mr. Liddle has traversed the jungles of the upper Amazon in quest of information for the government of Ecuador and for the University of Quito. He had no white companions on his trip, although an Indian medicine man provided him with a native escort that

numbered 50.

It was into the vast area known as the Oriente of Ecuador and Peru that Mr. Liddle's travels took him. Sometimes he traveled by canoe or dugout, sometimes afoot. Often he had to cross plains of mud and at other times his course wound precariously over mountains at an elevation of 12.000 feet. There were dangers, seen and unseen. Vampire bats attempted to suck his blood at night, insects beset him by day and always there was the

Jungle tangle.

Find Whites Far in Interior.

Twelve days’ journey from the outposts of civilization lives a community of 1,000 persons who retain the pure Spanish type, with blond hair and blue eyes, Mr. Liddle says. Their language is that of the Indians and their habits are similar, for they live In leaf thatched huts of split ehonta palm. They never have Intermarried

with the Indians, he says.

Mr. Liddle had a narrow escape from death when a native boy he had photographed suddenly was seized ! with epilepsy and fell down. Had the j explorer not administered immediate j relief the Indians would have killed |

him, he said.

Gradually he made tils way to the | headwaters of the Orinoco and Into I the country of the head hunters. ' These delight in intertribal wars. Mr. | Llddie says. If the war Is successful, j head reducing fiestas follow. The ; bones are extracted and the features j are reduced to the size of an orange, j Drug Visions Sway Them. “But before they go into battle.” the explorer added, “they retire to the\ dream hut, where they eat nateina, | a powerful narcotic that produces i weird dreaiig. The dreams become the prophecy of success or failure m

LARGE INCREASE IN CITY IN ECUADOR WATERFOWL IN U. S. RAZED BY QUAKE

Maps Show Breeding and Was Accessible Only by

Wintering Grounds. i Mule Trail. Washington.—The United States bu- Washington, D. C.-r-“Tulcan, Kcua-

reau of biological survey has prepared ioreun city reported wiped out by au a series of maps showing the breeding earthquake, lies in a region where the

ELWOOD EOTEN DO KOI SIP? TO BE ANY TOO PRO® DFSE

PAGE THHEEJI

?'m ■ • r> *k»s

.

by the Pres.dent under the latter's wide war poswe'rs granted by Congress, could not be brought to court. Congress had not delegated legislative powers to President Wilson, as maintained by the plaintiff, and the coiirtl could not pass judgment o:i ;the wisdom or lack of wisdom ol Presidential war acts. Judge Morris recited that although .Colonel Thomas R. Miller, present iCtjstod an, who had approved two ol £he sales involved, verified the com■plaint, in his testimony he admitted ;that he could not enumerate any o| /the facts alleged to have been withIbeld and suppressed from him. “In view of this testimony and th« obvious fact that the power to chargg persons with fraud and conspiracy is a weapon with which serious irremedial injury may be done to innocent ’persons if such charges are .lightly made, it is difficult to understand .ytby the specific charges to which thg foregoing testimony relates were made.” wrote the court. “Yet the remaining like charges were equally lacking in evidential support. In fact, ■at the argument, the plaintiff seemed no longer to press these charges -against the persons alleged to be con spirators, but it sought to have the charges sustained as against the of fleers of the Government who formu la ted and carried out In the public in terest the plan of sale. . . . While I know of no case where by Implication of law the duty of clearing itseii from imputed fraud rests upon tha 'defendant, yet the defendant has met dven this burden” Holds Wilson Had Full Power While the Tracing With the Enemy jAct at first merely authorized custodianship of German properties ia this country. It was later amended, jrecailed the Court, to give power oi eale under such conditions as the •President, in the ’ public interest, should determine upon, in effect, this made the President, as agent of the nation, possessed of powers as broad jas though he were absolute owner of;’the seized properties Under the provisions of the act. the President was 'empowered to make any conditions |of sale he considered necessary in tha [Circumstance*. The sa*°8 in dispute were not made «>y the Custodian in his capacity as a [common-law trustee, but under the [extraordinary powers devolving upon [him as the President’s representative, funder the additional sections of the [act. "Because a trustee with only the |usual powers may not ordinarily sell ■ trust property at private sale for less (than Its fair monetary value, it by I no means follows that the Custodian, [acting under supervision and dl[rectiou of the President, may not do bo." held the Court. “Obviously, the ; primary purpose of the act was the j proteotioB of the nation, not the benefit of the enemy The trust was for (the benefit of the nation—a public [not a private trust. The statute re A

tion was in legal effect granting a subsidy to private industry, the Court commented, “this challenge to the motives of the officers making the sale is supported 1 think, neither by the facts nor the law. Mr Polk de termined the public interest would be best served by a .wide use of the Inventions covered by the patents If the property was sold under terms and conditions that assured its being devoted to the public use it matters not what benefits or detriments may have flowed as incidents therefrom “The property is in the keeping of men who have in its management no selfish interest to serve and whose devotion to the public interest has been established," continued the opinion. "No better plan for devoting the property to public use has been suggested The plan has stood the most severe of all tests—actual trial. The defendant has kept the faith. This It has done, not only by granting licenses in furtherance of the purposes for which it was charatered. but also at its great expense, by distribution of books and pamphlets showing the national necessity lor practical development of chemical science in America If, perchance, those heretofore engaged In the industries have derived an incidental advantage from the plan, that incidental result cannot Invalidate a transaction lawfully consummated in the public interest. The same charge would lie against the validity of every tariff act. * * • The sale was in effect to America and Its citizens, not to those then engaged In chemical and allied industries ’’ Judge Morris ruled that if the executives entrusted by Congress with power of sale acted within the scope of that power “their acts are not subject to judicial nullification or review. Invasion by the courts to determine whether the public "interest required the property be sold otherwise than under the statutory conditions prescribed and to set aside the sale should the judgment of the court be different from that of the President would be a judicial nullification not only of the President’s act but also of the act of Congress conferring on the President the power to determine what the public interests required. What the public interest requires depends upon the conditions existing in the nation. Courts do not understand the state of the Union' and as. I apprehend. are not equipped to ascertain it • • • The statement of the reasons actuating the President does not make his act any the less an adt of discretion. It is conceded the President cannot be brought into court to substantiate his reasons The statute does not require him to disclose to the purchaser the evidence upon which his reasons were based. The .statute does not limit the Executive in the assignment of reasons to such as may be supported by legal evidence lor by facts available to the public.”

‘They wifi not steal. They believe that any property contains a portion of the owner’s spirit and that If they steal this portion it will attack and

kill them at night.”

The maidens use the checkerboard pattern on their teeth, which* is matched by that on their cheeks and noses, but once they are married, and a man has four or five wives, the wife pierces a hole In her underlip and inserts a small bamboo stick. Mr. Liddle brought to New York for analysis and elussifiention various kinds of poisons used by tne Indians. These are all of vegetable substance, he says, hut he believes some of them are unknown to American chemists. Mr. Liddle expects to return to South America in two weeks and will make a new trip into Peru to study another tribe of Indians and later will visit the Kunas in Panama He Is a graduate of the Culver Naval academy and a native of Ohio. He served in the navy on various line ships during the war and received his commission aa ensign on his twenty-

first birthday.

and wintering ranges of six species of waterfowl most popular with gunners. These maps also show certain areas which are classed as both breeding and wintering territory. The mallard perhaps exceeds all other birds in popularity with the bulk of the gunners of the country. It is the opinion of most d»jk shooters that in numbers the mallard exceeds all other species, and during heavy mallard migrations It would seem that there were more mallards than all the rest of the ducks put together. The American Game Protective association points out In a recent bulletin that this is not true, as anyone who has seen a heavy pintail or blue-bill flight will testify. The bulletin says; “The wintering area oft the Canada goose is even less in proportion to its breeding area than that gf the mallard, but w 7 e doubt if the strain on the wintering grounds is nearly us severe, because in numbers this goose can in no way be compared with the mallard. It must also be borne in mind that the Canada goose will not rest where it is frequently disturbed by man. Since the passage of the law stopping spring shooting, mallards and other ducks have shown conclusively that if let alone they will again occupy much of the area which was their breeding grange in former days. The Gulf coast states, the coast sections of Georgia and the Carolinas and the Pacific coast country of California, Washington and Oregon compose the wintering section of the pintails of our country, many of these preferring to go into Mexico, Cuba and Centi’al America. Migration Puzzled Hunters. “The migrations of these ducks have puzzled gunners since time immemorial. In the late winter and early spring literally millions of these birds go up the Mississippi and Missouri valleys from their winter home to their breeding ground. “The only map of this series in which the wintering area equals that of the breeding territory is in the case of the blue-wing teal, which not om.v spreads but over Mexico and- Central America but goes on into Soutii Amer-

ica.

“Many men prefer the canvasback

to any other duck as a shooting proposition, and perhaps it is the consensus of opinian that as a tfible bird he ranks at the head of the -list/. How many men whp have enjoyed didoting these birds along the Virg ia and

CmrolIna on-ictc r f i ‘‘ ** their favorite game bird cot, the Northwest and that their”

pends upon the care that is takerrbf this bird not only on its breeding grounds but during its migration

MSjBS

only rift in nature’s lute seems to be seismic disturbances,” says a bulletin from the Washington, D. C., headquarters of the National Geographic society. “Tulcan had about 5,000 people. It lay 100 miles northeast ox Quito, near the Colombian border, and was accessible only by a mule trail. “One writer says the climate is so healthful that ‘hens lay so persistently that medicine has to be giver them to save their lives.’ Water, Rail and Bridle-Path. “The mule ride is the last stretch of a waterway, rail, and bridle-path route which takes the visitor up South America’s principal Pacific river, the Guayas, to Guayaquil, Ecuador’s principal port, and thence to the country’s capital, Quito, after two days’ railroad travel. “Quito is only 286 miles from Guayaquil, but the trains do not travel by night. That is the visitor’s good fortune, for the route discloses the rugged beauty of the Andes and traverses regions which produce staples of American retail trade—Panama hats, quinine and cocoa. “Though hidden far from the busy world, Tulcan was a thriving community, to which American exporters’ representatives in Guayaquil sent agents, and its own people frequently joined the colorful crowds on the streets of Quito, a capital above the clouds. Quito Cultured Capital. “Quito resembles our own capital In that it is more residential and governmental than a business city. Ladies in smart motor cars shop at stores displaying the latest importations from New York, London and Paris. American Indians frequently come to Washington; but the Eucadorean Indians ore far more plentiful in Quito’s streets. They stroll about In orange pomlios, sailor-like cotton trousers, and broad-brimmed bats. Their native villages usually can be distinguished by the shape of their ponchos, the cut of their hair, or a turn of their headdress. “There is no daylight saving problem in Quito. Day and night are 12 hours the year round. The climate is just as equable—it is always early spring in Quito—but there is a 10-de-gree difference between the sunny places of the direct equatorial rays, and the shade. “Four hours toward the mountains ii&'Fh i ... v .......fcj* M ili ivui.i ,,nr- iw a i Oj pv i oul frost; in half a day one can descend to the deep and sultry valleys between the mighty chains of the Andes. Where Chocolate Comes From. “One Ecuadorean chocolate planta-

across the country? The canvasback.. tion produces 25.000 pounds of cocoa

Floating School Sails to Teach Indians in Alaska Seattle.—Equipped as a model boating school, the auxiliary power schooner Boxer sailed from Seattle on a novel expedition for southeastern Alaska, where her officers will undertake to teach the natives various trades, including wireless telegraphy and navigation. it was announced by J. H. Wagner, supervisor here of the United States bureau of education. Fifteen villages of the Thliuget, Tsimpsean and Rhvdah Indians are on the vessel’s Itinerary.

Find Bomb in Car In Nick of Time. Chicago.—Remembering that a spark plug had been causing trouble. Edward Dewey raised the hood of bis car and found a bomb fastened to his engine. He saved his life, for it would have exploded when the engine started.

Shoots Craps in Jail. Detroit, Mich.—When he appeared for trial for vagrancy, James Richard* told the court that he had lost his trousers during a crap game In tha Jail. He was released.

Academic Palms to Clowns of France Paris.—Three clowns, the Fratelll brothers, have been awarded academic palms by the French government In recognition of their services to the public in spreading good cheer. This is the first time such an award has been made since the days of the court Jestevg. ,

instead of making a north and south migration, travels from the northwest to the southeast and back again. “Some time ago we solicited the support of an inUuential man in the interests of the public shooting groundgame refuge bill, and were told by him that he was not interested in the conservation of wild fowl anywhere except on his Southern preserve. He stated that he shot principally canvas back and that he l ad good shooting, ai d that lie enjoyed good sport lie cause out of his own pocket he employed wardens to patrol his property and keep all gunners off; that he had spent enormous sums in providing food for the birds and that It was because of these facts and not through any conservation work which might he done anywhere that he had waterfowl to shoot on his Southern estate. Federal Law Necessary. “We would like this gentleman to study the canvasback map carefully. All he does at his Southern shooting reserve is to congregate the birds In that vicinity. Let unrestricted slaughter go on in the Northwest during the breeding season, and this man’s shooting will suffer, no matter how many thousands of dollars he spends In supplying duck foods for the birds and guards to protect him against tres-

pass.

“The passage of a federal law to protect migratory game birds-was necessary because no state could protect any species of bird that sojourned within its borders for only a short time. For obvious reasons the different states did not co-operate with each other, and It Is believed that had not a federal law been enacted many species of migratory game birds would he extinct today. “Since the federal government has been given Jurisdiction over tlrestbirds they have Increased wonderful ly. But In order that seasons, hag llm its and other regulations may be made Judiciously and the birds given effee tlve protection, the federal government must learn all possible as to their Journeying* hack and forth across the country. The handing of migratory waterfowl has already don« much to trace the courses our ducks take when traveling in search of food or suitable climates. EacR year that numbers of ducks are banded more will be added to the knowledge of man, and more adequate will be the protection he can offer his feathered Mends. “The work the United States bureau of biological survey Is doing In Inves tlgatlng the habits of the mlgratorj birds Is of Inestimable value to the gunners of the country; In order that the conservation work can be carried on In an intelligent manner." |

yearly for American and European confection makers. The cocoa beans are spread, for drying, over acres of bamboo mattings. Workmen scuffle through them with bare feet occasionally to make sure they dry. When the pods are first opened the beans and pulp are creamy white; they grow brown after exposure to air. “Quito, from the slopes of the hills which surround it. presents a picture of dazzling white, relieved by the red roofs of its wooden houses. “Although wood is its only available building material. Guayaquil's public buildings, churches and theater are noted for their arehitectural beauty. And because its buildings are wood it maintains what is reputed to be the largest fire department of any city of Its size in the world. In times past it suffered from disastrous fires. Make “Panama Hats.” “Sixty miles up-river. Guayaquil is the country’s great distributing center. It has one manufacturing industry of great importance to the United States—that of Panama hat making. It exports more than a million dollars’ worth of headgear annually. The raw material comes from 'smaller inland cities; the finished product gets Its name from the canal through which It It shipped to this country. “One other prospect of northern Ecuador which is not so pleasing Is the snow-clad, ever active, volcanic Cotopaxi. with Its Ill-omened smoke halo. The crater is near Latacunga, where the legend survives that the great earthquake of 169.8 was foretold hy a priest. The Carmelite nuns of Lntaconga. so the story goes, held to their faith In the prophecy for seven years during which they slept In tents In their gardens Their faith was rewarded when the quake finally came, for their convent fell, but the tentdwellers escaped."

ElwPod, Ind., Feb. 15.—Since the Post-Democrat began*its mild expose of the klan in this city, together with its publication of the names of known klansmen, the expression is general that the order has no reason to feel exalted over the quality of its membership. Klansmen themselves say we are printing only the names of the riffraff. K ansmen themselves are kicking. They look over the lists and insist that the Post-Democrat is trying to make a joke of the klan by publishing the names of those who do not belong, but privately they admit that no errors have been made. | Frank (Bolivar) Bryaq is one who | is said to have objected to the names | that accompanied his in the list of January 18. Bolivar plays the slip horn in the shimmy band. Next week we will run the roster of the Elwood klucker band. Bolivar distinguished himself here, it is said, by bringing a damage suit i against the Markley grOTSty becaupr of Mr. Markley’s endeavoring to col loot a grocery bill alleged to have been due him from the celebrated klan musician. A grocer who attempts to collect

' ^ Famous Liberty Bell Exhibited 24 Hours Philadelphia. — The Liberty bell, treasured American relic, will be made visible to the public, day and night, summer and winter, under plans being formulated by Wilfred Jordan, curator of Independence hail, where the bel! rests. S Heretofore thousands of visit- gj 8 ors have failed to see the famous 8 8 old bel! because the building is 8 8 closed to the public during cer Q 8 tain hours. Under the new pirns 8 8 it is proposed to phu’e at the 8 rear portals of Independence 8 8 t'aM a Georgian grill of wrought 8 £$ rod work, so open in character 8 R that fh“ be!! may he clearly seen ^ -it nil times. At night it will 1» 8 Q .Miupiinated with tbrndiiehts 8

U. S. Giy-es Three Bison to Mexican Government America’s bison is being introduced into diplomatic circles. Three specimens have been given by the United States Department of Agriculture and the New York Zoological society to the government of Mexico as a “practical manifestation of good will between j the two nations.” The three animals , selected as good will delegates to Mex . Ico will be taken from rile herd main- . tained by tiie Department of Agricul- j ture on the Wichita National forest , in Oklahoma. Their new home in Mexico will be In the Zoological park maintained by the government, under the direction | of Prof. A. L. Herrera. He lias been i apprised of the gift and is busy study- I Ing the domestic and dietary > habits of animals.

ought to be sueiL

have more importamt or, such as certificates

petticoats and pret-

, ith cute little eye-

from a klarmnan

Klansmen

things to p.-y of American ty nightcaps

holes.

We herev. i ;. present and introduce the following earnest and enthusiastic members f the Elwood alibi

club;

Charles D o. real estate dealer and former chlof of police. Clifford Foish, South Eighteenth Street. Luther Freeman, farmer residing south of Elwood. William Knott, tinplate worker. Edgar Noble, blacksmith McBethEvans factory. Bob Harris, shipping clerk McBetkEvans factory. - Leo Copland, Manager McBethEvans. Herbert Shope, grinder boss Mc-Beth-Evans. Bill Addington, McBeth-Evans fac-

tory.

Cecil Parker, tinplate worker. Melvin Kleyla, carpenter, South F and 25th streets. Joe Love, Sellers Cabinet factory. Sam Ash, wears a K. K. K. tie pin. Arnold Dailey, tin plate worker. New Safety Device to Stop Speeding Trains New London, Conn.—Wrecks such as that which cost the life of “Wild Bill” Donovan and others when two sections of the Twentieth Century Limited crashed will be impossible on the Now Haven road if the new safety device tried here recently proves as successful as early tests indicate. The line from Wallingford to New Haven will be equipped with the device. The apparatus consists of powerful magnets under the t< nder. close ro rfia rails. Block signals vvMl be fixed so that If a train runs past h s gna! set against if by another train in fhe same block tiie magnets will artat-h ffiemseLes ro the rails stopping the train. The device, if out of order, automatically will stop the train.

Waiter w. Head

Man Cleared of Murder Charge After 24 Years Paris.—Louis Danval, seventy-eight, a druggist, pardoned In 1902 after serving 24 years of a life sentence imposed In 1878 when found guilty of poisoning his wife, and who was amnestied in 1919 because his two Aonrk were killed m the war, had his name cleared completely recently by action of the Court of Cassation. Danval showed through experts that the scientific evidence on which he was convicted was erroneous, and that his wife died of a kidney disease of which nothing was known at the time. The court quashed the old conviction, granting him a pension of 12,000 francs and damages amounting to 20,000 francs.

By WALTER W. HEAD President American Bankers Asso-

ciation

We speak reverentially of "Our Country.” What do we mean? Are we thinking of the service which we

owe to our coun try. of the love which we bear for it, or are we thinking only of the protection which our coun try can afford us, only of the benefit which we may - derive from it?

Are we thinking of what we may do for our country, or of what our coun-

try may do for ns?

Our duty to ourselves and our country requires positive as well as negative action. We must be constructive. As citizens of our country, do we fulfill the obligations^ Incumbent upon us? Do we exercise our right to vote—and when we do. do we always place Intelligence, efficiency and patriotism in government ahead cf every other consideration? The message which 1 wish to emphasize is a simple truth, one easily understood, but one of great importance, perhaps more Important today than ever before: We—1. as an Indi vidual—must be responsible for our government—my government We cannot delegate our responsibility In government to someone else. There Is no substitute for individual Interest In government and individual responsibility for government. I have said to bankers that the great e#t duty of the banker today la not to

Sioux Incisrs Win EaUie for Lands Washington. — After, a forty year campaign. Joseph Wnr Uou net. son of a Sioux infflan cinef has defeated his pale-faced foes on the battleground of their own special choosing. Secretary Work, ending a long litigation, ruled recently that Joseplr shall hold title to t(>0 acres of land in Slier dan conn ty, Nebraska, homesteaded by his father, Black War Bonnet, in 1878. The War Bonnets were dispossessed in 1882. and subse quentiy the land was withdrawn from the public domain by ex-ecutive-order Despiti tin- hopeless outlook, the prese it bead of the family continued the tight by successive appeals mril Secretary Work reversed decisions against him rendered by the land office. i 4 loan mouey, but to loan himself—to the service of his community

MANY A WAY TO OBTAIN CREDIT

The farmer, who is the initial producer of goods, has more agencies designed to assist in his financing than has any other group, partly as a result of the natural growth of our present financial structure and partly because of the special agencies created by the government during recent years The list of his credit sources Is a surprisingly large one, for he may borrow directly from the savings banks. truM companies, and insurance companies; may use the Federal Farm Loan Banks and the Joint Stock Land Banks; may sell his mortgages through local farm loan mortgage brokers, the larger mortgage compa nies, and certain investment banking houses; If a cattle raiser, he can dis count his paper with cattle loan com panics; his marketing Is often done., through a state or national co-opera tlve marketing association; he has I access to the regular commercial | banks for short time funds, and of j course, participates as any other coa I Sumer la tLe usual retail stpre credit, j Moreover, the Federal Reserve Acthas provided broad accommodation for agriculture in its text aa originaUj adopted and in the several amend* meats since made, and the Agricn(tura! Credits Act authorizes the eatab. lishment of the Federal Intermediate Credit Bank as a further aid When one hears the statement made that in our economic system the farmer alone is not provided for, the answer is merely, “It isn’t so." Many people* are coming to believe, and this in eludes some of the agricultural bloc In Congress, that the farmer’s trouble is not due to his lack of credit but to having had credits granted too easily and in too large amounts.—Journal oi the American Banker* Aeooeiatian*-